unit 4 a charity show-

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/17UNIT4ACHARITYSHOWUNIT4ACHARITYSHOW一教学内容UNIT4ACHARITYSHOWGRAMMAR二教学目标掌握UNIT4的语法结构和用法一般将来时的被动语态含有情态动词CAN,MAY,MUST,SHOULD的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态BECAUSEBECAUSEOF经典讲解语法一一般将来时的被动语态1基本结构1SHALL/WILLBEDONETHENEWFILMWILLBESHOWNNEXTTHURSDAY这部新电影将在下周四上映。WESHALLBEPUNISHEDIFWEBREAKTHERULE如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。2）BEGOINGTOBEDONE。如THEPROBLEMISGOINGTOBEDISCUSSEDATTHEMEETINGTOMORROW这个问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/17【经典例题1】IPROMISETHATTHISMATTER_NEXTWEEKAWILLBETAKENCAREBWILLTAKECAREOFCWILLTAKEGOODCAREDWILLBETAKENCAREOF【思路点拨】选D。从题干不难看出,一是从句中的THISMATTER和TAKECAREOF是被动关系二是TAKECAREOF是固定搭配,不能拆开三是相对于PROMISE来说,TAKECAREOF是将要发生的动作。故从句谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。【经典例题2】THESEDICTIONARIES_THELIBRARYAGAINBYYOUAWILLBETAKENOUTOFBWONTBETAKENOUTOFCWILLTAKEOUTOFDWONTTAKEOUTOF【思路点拨】选B。由题干结构及句意可知,此题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态的否定式。【经典例题3】THECLASS_ONEVERYTHINGTHEYHAVELEARNTTHISYEARAISGOINGTOBEEXAMININGBAREGOINGTOEXAMINECISGOINGTOBEEXAMINED精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/17DAREGOINGTOBEEXAMINED【思路点拨】选D。题中THECLASS指全班同学,谓语动词应用复数形式,并且主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。【经典例题4】ANEXHIBITIONOFPAINTING_ATTHEARTMUSEUMWHENHECOMESBACKFROMABROADAISGOINGTOHOLDBISGOINGTOBEHELDCAREGOINGTOHOLDDAREGOINGTOBEHELD【思路点拨】选B。根据题意,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,而且主谓应保持一致。2各种结构形式。肯定式主语WILL（SHALL）BE动词的过去分词否定式主语WILL（SHALL）NOTBE动词的过去分词疑问式WILL（SHALL）主语BE动词的过去分词简略回答YES，主语WILL（SHALL）NO，主语WONT（SHANT）特殊疑问词SHALL/WILL主语BEDONE肯定式BEGOINGTOBEDONE否定式BENOTGOINGTOBEDONE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/17疑问式AM/IS/AREGOINGTOBEDONE特殊疑问词AM/IS/ARE主语GOINGTOBEDONE3使用一般将来时的被动语态时，应注意以下两点1在时间、条件状语从句中，应使用现在时表示将来时。同样，应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。IFIAMGIVENENOUGHTIME,IWILLGOTOJAPANFORMYHOLIDAY如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。2使用一般将来时的被动语态时，学生易遗漏被动式中的BE。【经典例题5】YOUCANGOOUTTOPLAYFOOTBALLTHISAFTERNOONIFYOURHOMEWORK_FINISHAFINISHESBWILLBEFINISHEDCISGOINGTOFINISHDISFINISHED【思路点拨】选D。根据题意,此处IF引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，而且根据HOMEWORK与FINISH之间的关系用被动语态。【典型例题】一、从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1WEARETOLDTHATANEWCARFACTORY_HERENEXTYEAR精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/17AWILLSETUPBWILLBESETUPCWOULDSETUPDWOULDBESETUP2THE2008OLYMPICGAMES_INBEIJINGSEVERALBIGCHANGES_INTHECAPITALCITYAISHELDWILLMAKEBWILLBEHELDWILLMAKECWILLBEHELDWILLBEMADEDISHELDMAKE3YOU_TOTAKESOMUCHLUGGAGEWITHYOUONTHEPLANEAWILLBEALLOWEDBWILLALLOWCWONTBEALLOWEDDWONTALLOW4YOU_AROUNDOURSCHOOLTHISAFTERNOONNOW,PLEASEHAVEAGOODRESTAARESHOWNBWERESHOWNCAREGOINGTOBESHOWNDWILLSHOW5CANYOUTELLMEBYWHOMTHETALK_TOMORROWAWILLGIVEBWILLBEGIVENCGIVEDBEGIVEN6HUNDREDSOFJOBS_IFTHEFACTORYCLOSESALOSEBWILLBELOSTCARELOSTDWILLLOSE7THEWATERWILLBEFURTHERPOLLUTEDUNLESSSOMEMEASURES_AWILLBETAKENBARETAKENCWERETAKENDHADBEENTAKEN8I_IFIFINISHTHEWORKWITHINONEDAYASHALLBEPRAISEDBWOULDPRAISECWILLPRAISEDPRAISE9精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/17APARTYISGOINGTO_TONIGHTWOULDYOULIKETOGOWITHMEIDLIKETO,BUTIHAVETOLOOKAFTERMYSICKMOTHERAORGANIZEBHAVEBEENORGANIZEDCBEORGANIZINGDBEORGANIZED10IFITDOESNTRAINTOMORROW,THESPORTSMEET_INTHEPLAYGROUNDOFOURSCHOOLAISHOLDINGBWILLHOLDCWILLBEHELDDISTOBEHOLDING【答案】BCCCBBBADC二、翻译句子。1这个女孩太漂亮了会有很多人喜欢的2他一到达这个城市就会被认出。3这项工作很快就完成了。4我们不会受到邀请。【答案】WHATABEAUTIFULGIRLSHEWILLBELOVEDBYMANYPEOPLEHEWILLBERECOGNIZEDASSOONASHEARRIVESATTHISCITYTHEWORKISGOINGTOBEDONESOONWEWILLNOTBEINVITED语法二现在完成时的被动语态的构成与用法精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/17现在完成时的被动语态是本课中的重要语法项目，为帮助同学们更好地学习和巩固此语法，现做了以下几点归纳（一）现在完成时的被动语态的构成1现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式由“HAVEHASBEEN及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如TWOWINDOWSHAVEBEENBROKEN两个窗子被打破了。2现在完成时的被动语态的否定式由“HAVEHASNOTBEEN及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如THECARHASNOTBEENREPAIRED这辆汽车还没有修好。3现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问式由“HAVEHAS主语BEEN及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如HASHERWORKBEENFINISHED她的工作完成了吗YES，ITHAS是的，完成了。HAVETHECARSBEENREPAIRED这些汽车修好了吗NO，THEYHAVENT不，还没有。4现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问式由“疑问词HAVEHAS主语BEEN及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如HOWLONGHASHERWORKBEENFINISHED她的工作完成了多久精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/17WHOHASBEENHELPEDBYTHENEWCOMPUTER谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助HOWMANYNEWWORDSHAVEBEENLEARNEDBYTHESTUDENTS这些学生已经学会了多少新单词（二）现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法1表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。例1THEDOORHASBEENLOCKED门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去）例2THISWORKHASBEENFINISHED,YOUMAYHAVEAREST这项工作已被完成，你可以休息一会儿。分析该句强调这项工作已被完成对现在造成的影响是你没有必要再做了，强调这个影响，你可以休息一会儿。例3THISBOOKHASBEENREADBYME,YOUNEEDNTTELLMEANYTHINGABOUTIT这本书已被我读完，你没有必要告诉我有关它的任何东西。分析这本书已被我读完,对现在造成的影响是我已读懂其中内容，强调这个影响，你没有必要告诉我有关它的任何东西。2表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与FOR或SINCE引导的时间状语连精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创9/17用，或用于HOWLONG句型中。例如THEYHAVEBEENTOLDABOUTITFORMANYTIMES有人告诉他们这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他们）HOWLONGHASTHEMACHINEBEENUSED这台机器使用了多久THISFILMHASBEENPUTONFORHALFANHOUR这场电影已放映了半个小时。（三）使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题1现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即HAVEHAS和BEEN，两者缺一不可。2注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如THEHOUSEWASBUILTLASTYEAR这房子是去年建造的。THEHOUSEHASBEENBUILT这房子已经建好了。3由FINISH，BUY，START，BEGIN，POST，RETURN，BORROW，JOIN，MARRY，OPEN等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如FORFOURDAYS，HOWLONG等连用，而要改换动词或时态。例如精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创10/17译这本书买了多久了误HOWLONGHASTHISBOOKBEENBOUGHT正HOWLONGAGOWASTHISBOOKBOUGHT但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与SINCE或FOR引导的时间段连用。例如NOBOOKSHAVEBEENBOUGHTSINCELASTWEEK自上周以来，没有人来买过书。4短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如THEOLDMANHASBEENWELLLOOKEDAFTER这位老人一直受到很好的照顾。【典型例题】1NOWTHESEMAGAZINES_INTHELIBRARYFORALONGTIMEAHAVEKEPTBAREKEEPINGCHAVEBEENKEEPINGDHAVEBEENKEPT2THEPOT_FOR_HOTWATERAUSEDKEEPINGBWASUSEDKEEPINGCISUSEDTOKEEPDAREUSEDKEEP3TEA_INTHESOUTHOFCHINAFORHUNDREDSOFYEARSAHASBEENGROWNBISGROWNCWEREGROWNDWILLBEGROWN精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创11/174THEBRIDGES_SINCETWOYEARSAGOAHAVEBEENBUILTBHAVEBUILTCWEREBUILTDWASBUILT5THEMEETING_SINCE5OCLOCKAHASHADBHADCHAVEBEENHADDHASBEENHAD【答案】DBAAC语法三含有情态动词（CAN,MAYMUST,SHOULD,OUGHTTO）的被动语态1、THISBIKECANBEREPAIRED2、THETREEMUSTBEPUTSTRAIGHTINTHEHOLE3、THECLASSROOMSHOULDBECLEANEDEVERYDAY含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词BE过去分词”构成，原来带TO的情态动词变成被动语态后“TO”仍要保留。歌诀是情态动词变被动，情态加BE加“过分”，原来带TO要保留。例如WECANREPAIRTHISWATCHINTWODAYSTHISWATCHCANBEREPAIREDINTWODAYSYOUOUGHTTOTAKEITAWAYITOUGHTTOBETAKENAWAYTHEYSHOULDDOITATONCE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创12/17ITSHOULDBEDONEATONCE肯定式CAN/MAY/MUST/SHOULD/OUGHTTOBEDONE否定式CANT/MAYNOT/MUSTNT/SHOULDNT/OUGHTNOTTOBEDONE疑问式CAN/MAY/MUST/SHOULD/OUGHTTOBEDONE【典型例题】一、选择题1THEFLOWERS_OFTENAMUSTBEWATERBMUSTBEWATEREDCMUSTWATEREDDMUSTWATER2THEBOOKSMAY_FORTWOWEEKSABEKEPTBBEBORROWEDCKEEPDBORROW3THEBROKENBIKE_HEREBYMRSMITHACANMENDBCANMENDEDCCANBEMENDDCANBEMENDED4THERIVERSMELLSTERRIBLEPEOPLEMUST_DIRTYTHINGSINTOITABESTOPPEDTOTHROWBBESTOPPEDFROMTHROWINGCSTOPTOTHROWDSTOPFROMTHROWING5THETEAPOT_WATERAISFILLEDWITHBFILLEDOFCFILLINGOFDFILLED6OLDPEOPLEMUSTBE_POLITELY精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创13/17ASPEAKTOBSPOKENCSPEAKDSPOKENTO7OLDPEOPLEMUST_ALOOKAFTERWELLBBELOOKEDWELLAFTERCLOOKEDWELLAFTERDBELOOKEDAFTERWELL【答案】BADBADD二、完成下列句子1ITHINKONEDAYBOOKSMAY_PLACECOMPLETELY2MYBIKE_LEAVEATSCHOOL,SOIHAVETOTAKETHEBUSTOSCHOOLTODAY3THEBATTERY_CHANGEYETHOWCANIUSEMYRECORDER4PAPERSHOULDNOT_THROWAWAY5BOOKSANDOTHERMATERIALCAN_BORROWFROMTHELIBRARY6IVEBOUGHTASECONDHANDMP3PLAYERANDABOUT1,000SONGSHAVE_DOWNLOADONTOIT7HASTHECOMPUTER_REPAIRYETINEEDTOWRITEMYARTICLEWITHIT8WHATHAS_TURNONTHERADIO【答案】精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创14/171BEPLACED2HASBEENLEFT3HASNTBEENCHANGED4BETHROWN5BEBORROWED6BEENDOWNLOADED7BEREPAIRED8BEENTURNEDON语法四BECAUSEBECAUSEOF的用法区别BECAUSEACLAUSEOFREASONBECAUSEOFNOUN/PRONOUNEGIDIDNOTGOBECAUSEOFTHERAINIDIDNOTGOBECAUSEITRAINEDHEDIDNOTBUYAPRESENTFORHISMOTHERBECAUSEHEHADNOMONEYHEDIDNOTBUYTHEPRESENTFORHISMOTHERBECAUSEOFNOMONEYPRACTISEDAVIDDIDNTGOTOSCHOOLYESTERDAY_HISCOLDIDIDNTGOTOSCHOOLYESTERDAY_IHADACOLDTHEFOOTBALLGAMEISCANCELLEDTODAY_THESANDSTORMTHEREWASATRAFFICJAMINXUANWUDISTRICT_ACARACCIDENTALOTOFPEOPLEWERETRAPPEDINTHEAIRPORT_THEBADWEATHERBECAUSE与SO可以互换精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创15/171BECAUSEWEWANTTORAISEMONEYFORCHARITY,WEAREORGANIZINGASHOWWEWANTTORAISEMONEYFORCHARITYSOWEAREORGANIZINGASHOW2WEWILLHOLDAMEETINGNEXTWEEKBECAUSEWEMUSTMAKESOMEDECISIONSWEMUSTMAKESOMEDECISIONSSOWEWILLHOLDAMEETINGNEXTWEEK3WEWILLHOLDTHESHOWINDOORSBECAUSETHEWEATHERMIGHTBEBADTHEWEATHERMIGHTBEBADSOWEWILLHOLDTHESHOWINDOORS4WEWILLNEEDALOTOFPEOPLEBECAUSETHEREISALOTOFWORKTODOTHEREISALOTOFWORKTODOSOWEWILLNEEDALOTOFPEOPLE【典型例题】一、用括号内的词合并句子。1THEYHELPEDWITHTHEFARMERS,THEYENJOYEDWORKINGONTHEFARMBECAUSE2LOTSOFPEOPLEWENTTOTHESHOW,THEREWEREMANYFAMOUSPOPSTARSSO3HESPOKEVERYLOUDLY,THEREWASALOTOFNOISETHE