before 用法大全

高三课本第十五单元，INTER GATING SKILLS 和 WORKBOOK READING部分有如下的句子： The shop was successful，but it was about sixty years before people started to buy jeans for fashion as well as for work. However，it probably will not be long before the other mountainous areas of China such as Sichuan，Xinjiang and Yunnan are developed，and as more facilities become available，prices will almost certainly fall. 其中涉及到before的用法，下面就其用法进行总结。 一、可以用作介词 )指时间上早于，在之前，如： She has lived here since before the war. 她从战前就一直在这儿住。 )指位置在前面，如： We knelt down before Grandmas grave. 我们在奶奶的墓前跪下。 )指顺序或排列在之前，如： Your name comes before mine on the list. 名单上你的名字在我之前。 )在某人面前，如： She said it before the witness. 他是当着证人的面说的。 二、作为连词 其基本含义是“在之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就”、“趁”、“就”等。具体用法如下： )与情态动词can/could连用 这时候从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”，如： Before I could get in a word，he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。 Before she could move，she heard a loud noise，which grew to a terribl eroar. 她还没来得及迈步，就听见一声巨响，接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。 )用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间，距离长，或花费的精力大，译成“才” We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands. 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。 We waited a long time before the train arrived. 我们等了很长时间火车才到。 )用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间，距离短，或花费的精力小，译成“不到就”如： We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 )主句含有hardly，scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚就” 这时候主句应用过去完成时态，从句用过去时，还可以用when替代before如： We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang. 我们刚到学校铃声就响了。 )有时还有“宁愿”的意思 Id shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。 )用于It+be/take+时间段+before句型 在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况。 若主句是一般时将来时态，从句是一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”。 It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal. 两周之后一切才能恢复正常。 It will be many years before the situation improves. 这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善。 It wont be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的。 这时若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”，若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”。如： It was some time before I realized the truth. 过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。 It wasnt long before she became a brave solider. 没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。 After that it still took seven years before they got married. 他们又过了七年才结婚。 注意：当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时，before与until有时可以互换。It was an hour before/until the police arrived. 巩固练习 (2004天津)It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.Athat B.until C.since D.before 2.(2004全国)Several weeks had gone by _ realized the painting was missing. A.as B.before C.since D.when 3.(2005广东)The America Civil War lasted four years _ the North won in the end. A.after B.before C.when D.then 4.(2005山东)It was some time _ we realized the truth. A.when B.until C.since D.before 5.(2006四川)-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting？ -He rushed out of the classroom _ I could say a word. A.before B.until C.when D.after 6.(2006福建)-How long do you think it will be _ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon？ -Perhaps two or three years. Awhen B.until C.that D.before 参考答案：DBBDADBefore用作连词时，意思是“在之前”。其实，它引导状语从句时，在不同的句式中以及汉英表达习惯的不同，before含有不同的含义和用法。从历年的高考试题可以看出，before是高考考查的热点词汇之一。为了帮助大家掌握，现就对它的用法归纳如下：一、表示“在之后才”。副词“才”在汉语中强调某事发生得晚或慢。如果在含有before从句的复合句中，强调从句动作发生得晚或慢时，就可以应用这种译法。【典型考例】The American Civil War lasted four years _ the North won in the end.(2005广东) A. after B. before C. when D. then 解析：答案为B。本题考查连词before表示“在之后才”之的用法，根据本句含义“美国南北战争持续了四年，北方才最终取得胜利”，可知本题应选B。二、表示“还没来得及就”。目的在于强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已发生。【典型考例】Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? (2006四川卷) He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 解析：答案为A。本题考查连词before表示“还没来得及就”的用法。句意是“我还没来得及说一句话，他就冲出了房间”。三、表示“在之前就”。这时主句与before从句中的两个动作按时间先后依次发生。【典型考例】It was evening_ we reached the little town of Winchester.（2004天津）A. that B. until C. since D. before 解析：答案为D。本题考查连词before表示“在之前就”的用法。句意是“我们到达小镇Winchester之前就已经是傍晚时分了”。四、表示“趁”，“等到”，或 “没等就 ”等。【典型考例】He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.（2003北京）A. until B. when C. before D. as解析：答案为C。由made a mistake和转折词but可知本题句意是“他出了差错,但没等其进一步恶化，他就调整了局势”。故正确答案为C项。五、用于句型“It + will/would be +时间段+ before.”句型中，表示“要过多久才”，也可用于“It + may be +时间段+ before.”，表示“也许要过多久才”。其否定形式“It will/would not be +时间段+ before”表示“不久就，过不了多久就”。【典型考例】（1）The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again.（2007安徽卷）A. after B. before C. since D. when（2）How long do you think it will be _China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?（2006福建卷）Perhaps two or three years.A. when B. until C. that D. before（3）It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment.(上海春招2002)A. will not be.will know B. is.will knowC. will not be.know D. is.know(4) Scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.（2004福建）A. since B. after C. before D. when解析：答案为BDCC。考题（1）(2)before用于肯定的“It + will be +时间段+ before.”句型中，表示“要过多久才”。考题（3）before在本题中用于否定句,意为“过不了多久就会”,再由状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时的用法可知C项为正确答案,句意是:要不了多久我们就会知道试验的结果了。考题（4）宾语从句中含有句型“It + may be +时间段+ before.”，表示“也许要过多久才”，故选择答案C。六、用于句型“it was +时间段+ before ”表示“过了（多长时间）才”。其否定形式“it was not+时间段+before ”意为“不久就”, “没过（多长时间）就”。【典型考例】It was some time _we realized the truth.（2005山东） A. when B. until C. sin