名词代词数词PPT课件

代词,名词及数词,.,2,一人称代词,.,3,考点,连续使用两个以上人称代词时,顺序为:第二人称+第三人称+第一人称You,JimandIyouandhe/himMyfriendandIHenryandI,.,4,二物主代词,.,5,考点,1形容词性物主代词可与own连用,表示自己所有或随身带有的事物.Iwanttohaveahouseofmyown.Hestartedabusinessofhisown.Ihavebeenlivingonmyownforyears.2形容词性物主代词不能作表语.3名词性物主代词可与of连用,构成双重属格如:afriendofmine.,.,6,三反身代词,.,7,考点,1常见反身代词短语￥besideoneself发狂,情不自禁besideoneself=outofcontrolIstoodtherebesidemyself,thinkinghardabouttheweather￥byoneself单独地,独自地￥foroneself独立地，亲自地,.,8,foroneself独自地；独立地；亲自地Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobottothinkforitself?你认为机器人可能会独立思考吗?Youshoulddoyourhomeworkforyourself你应该独立完成作业。Onecantdosuchathingforoneself这样的事一个人是做不来的。,.,9,归纳拓展,foroneself强调独自做某事，无人帮忙。byoneself独自地(alone)指单独一个人，无人做伴inoneself本来，本身ofoneself自动地，自发地TheoldmanlivesbyhimselfinalonelyvillageThedooropenedofitselfHeiscleverinhimself,.,10,四疑问代词,Who,whom,whose,what,which,.,11,考点,1who/what/which+ever加强语气Whoareyoulookingfor?Whoeverareyoulookingfor?Whatdoyoumean?Whateverdoyoumean?,.,12,考点,2whatvs.whichwhat的提问范围没有限制,强调内容:是什么.Which指的是在一定范围内的选择,强调选择:是哪个.3who与which的区别同上.,.,13,五指示代词,This,that,these,those,such,thesame,it,.,14,考点,1such作主语,宾语,表语Suchishumannaturethatagreatmanypeoplearewillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofworkinginanoffice.Hisremarkswere_annoyeverybodyatthemeeting.asoastobsuchastocsuchtodasmuchasto,.,15,六不定代词,Some,somebody,someone,something,any,anybody,anyone,anything,no,nobody,noone,nothing,all,both,neither,none,either,each,every,everybody,everyone,everything,other,another,much,many,few,afew,little,alittle,one,enough.,.,16,1-thing,-body,-one+elsesThepenissomeoneelses.2陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，反意疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。Everyoneknowstheanswer,dontthey?(doeshe?)Everyonefastenedtheirseatbelts.Everyoneenjoyedthemselves/himself?NobodyphonedwhileIwasout,_?A.didnttheyB.didntheC.didtheyD.didthere,.,17,考点,3陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。Everythingisready,isntit?4each所指对象的范围是限定的,表示若干个固定数目中的一个,every没有这样的限制,泛指任何一个.5other另外的人或物;others复数:另外的人或物,.,18,考点,6.everyvs.each,_sideofthestreetwascrowdedwithpeople._sideofthesquarewascrowdedwithpeople.Every全体Each个别Wewanteverychildtosucceed.Eachchildwillfindhisownpersonalroadtosuccess.,each,each/every,.,19,Everyone=everybody=allpeople只能指人，意在所有的人Everyone=eachpersonorthing即可指人又可指物，强调个体。Everyone后面不可以跟of短语，而everyone可以适用于anyone,anyone,someone,someone,.,20,七名词考点,1the+形容词表示一类人时谓语用复数,如:therich,thepoor;表示不可数的事物或抽象概念时用单数,如:thegood,theugly,theunknown等.Inthatcountry,therich_richer,thepoor,poorer.a.becomeb.hasbecomec.becomesd.isbecoming,.,21,七名词考点,2表示时间、距离、金额、面积、重量、体积、容积等度量衡的名词做主语时，谓语用单数。3有些集体名词形式上是单数,但谓语动词要用复数,如:people,police,cattle,mankind,clergy.4man,woman+名词,构成的复合词中,两个都变复数,如:womenwriters.,.,22,七名词考点,5有些表示学科的名词词尾是复数形式,但作单数处理,如:mathematics,economics,statistics,linguistics.但不表示学科时,作复数对待.Thestatistics_thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.(2006.62)aprovesbisprovingcareprovingdprove,.,23,Applicantsituations:名词中心词已在上下文出现过：Hermemoryislikeanelephants.Marysisthelargesthouse.,八名词所有格考点,1必须使用s的场合,.,24,b)被省略的名词中心词表示某人的家或住宅IamgoingtohavehotpotattheJohnsons.ThegirlsisonthewestsideoftheDininghall.c)被省略的名词中心词表示教堂、学校等公共场所JoelivesnearSt.PaulsinLondon.HewaseducatedatMerchantTaylors.d)被省略的中心词表示店铺，公司等Pickledvegetablesareavailableatthegrocers.ChinesetoysaresoldbothatSmithsandatBrowns.,.,25,svs.of-phrase,commonality：thetrunkofanelephant=anelephantstrunktheforeignpolicyofChina=Chinasforeignpolicy名词表示地理专有名词或地方、机构名称时，可通用,.,26,Differences,objects:animateobjects-genitiveinanimate,lifelessobjects-of-phrasee.g.玛丽的T恤MarysT-shirt理发师的新店thebarbersnewshop汽车的颜色thecolorofthecar计划的重要性theimportanceoftheplan,.,27,Notice：whilereferingtopeople(animateobjects),of-phrasecanbeusedwiththefullnames.ThenewjobofBushThenewjobofGorgeW.Bush,.,28,Notice:无生命名词用s属格的情况1.表示时间：todaysnewspaper,adaysjourney.2.表示事物类别，属性mensclothesp922.表示自然现象：themoonsrays(月光)，thetreesbranch(树枝)。3.表示国家、城市等实体：thecitysparksChinasindustrialization(中国的工业化)4.表示距离、价格、重量等：tenminuteswalk,astonesthrow(一箭之遥)5.表示拟人：theworldspopulation。6.固定表达：,.,29,awolfinsheepsclothingtoonesheartscontentatonesfingersends/tipsatdeathsdoor,.,30,AbrahamsbosomAchillesheelAdamswineAdamsappleCaesarswife不容置疑的人childsplaycatspawdogslifePandorasboxatamomentsnoticeatasnailspace,.,31,必须用of情况1.名词词组由the+adj构成时，或前后两个名词间是同位关系时用ofthestruggleoftheexploitedthewelfareofthepoortheexperienceoftheoldtheincomeoftherichthecityofRomethetownofBrementheearof1919,.,32,2.当名词带后置修饰语时如果后置修饰语为分句时，只用ofthemanIknowscartheladylivingnextdoorshattheprofessortoconsultscomments,.,33,2双重所有格,双重属格中的中心词应该是非限定性的，中心词不能是专有名词，中心词前面也不能加定冠词the，但中心词前面可以用a，any，some及数词来修饰：SomecowsofthefarmersThecowsofthefarmersAnydaughterofMrsBrownsiswelcome.ThedaughterofMrsBrownsiswelcome.,.,34,八名词所有格考点,2双重所有格双重所有格所修饰的名词前有this/that时,带有明显的爱憎等感情色彩;Thathusbandofhersb.当中心名词是portrait,picture,printing,photograph时,双重所有格表示有关的人的收藏,如:ThepictureofMarys,.,35,IhatethatdogofAllys.Itisbarkingallthetime.我讨厌阿莉的那只狗，它整天叫不停。ThosewordsofBillshurtmyfeelings.比尔的那番话伤透了我的心。ThisideaofJacksisreallywonderful！杰克的这个主意真是好极了。,.,36,Compare:Thephotosofthecollector(那位收藏家的相片)Thephotosofthecollectors(那位收藏家收藏的相片)Anaccusationofthesenator(对那位参议员的一次谴责)Anaccusationofthesenators(那位参议员作的一次谴责),.,37,Sometrickyproblems,ApictureofmyfathersApictureofmyfatheraphotoofmygrandfatheraphotoofmygrandfathersstatue,photo,picture,portrait,etc,.,38,Sometrickyproblems,AcriticismofMarxsAcriticismofMarxanoldpeasantsstorythestoryofanoldpeasantTheloveofmotherApraiseofthepresentgovernmentOpinion,judgment,criticism,estimate,.,39,九数词考点,1数词和名词,有时还有形容词,可构成复合形容词,名词用单数,中间用连字符,如:atwo-weekholidayafive-year-oldboy2当数词和名词连起来修饰形容词时,名词要用复数,不用连字符,如:Fiveyearsold,.,40,九数词考点,3dozen,score,hundred,thousand前有具体数字时,不用复数;如:Fivehundredstudents4dozen,score,hundred,thousand表示很多但不确切的数时,用复数,后接of:Hundredsofpeople5两种表示顺序的方法:名词+基数词ChapterFive,the+序数词+名词theFifthChapter,.,41,九数词考点,6表示”大约”:about,approximately,around+数词7表示”多于”:above,morethan,over+数词,如:peopleoverthirty8表示”少于”:below,under,lessthan+数词:lessthanayear9十位数+s表示:amaninhisforties,the1990s,.,42,九数词考点,10倍数表示法倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than倍数+as+形容词/副词+as倍数+名词Double,triple,quadruple+名词11分数表示法:Onethird;twothirds,.,43,TEM-4,Moreover,theseEskimowordsarefarmoreinflectedthan_ofanyofthewell-knownEuropeanlanguages.(2002.38)atheothersballotherscthesedthoseAsinglenouncanbespokenorwrittenin_hundreddifferentforms.(2002.40)asomebseveralcvariousdvaried,.,44,TEM-4,anouncanbespokenorwritteninseveralhundreddifferentforms,eachhavingaprecisemeaningdifferentfromthatof_.(2002.42)atheotherbanothercanyotherdtheothers,.,45,TEM-4,_ofthetwinswasarrested,becauseIsawbothatapartylastnight.(2002.52)aNonebBothcNeitherdAllYourideas,_,seemunusualtome.(2003.56)alikeherblikeherscsimilartoherdsimilartoherself,.,46,1.“全体”：三个或三个以上的全体：all两个的全体：both=3都不：none，no=2都不：neither2.表示“全体中的每个”=3:every=2:each表示“全体中的任何一个”=3:any=2:either,.,47,TEM-4,Becausefuelsuppliesarefiniteandmanypeoplearewasteful,wewillhavetoinstall_solarheatingdeviceinourhome.(2005.56)asometypeofbsometypesofacsometypeofadsometypesof,.,48,TEM-4,Childrenwhostayawayfromschooldo_fordifferentreasons.(2005.65)athemb/citdtheirsWhyareyoustaring?Iveneverseen_treebefore.(2005.66)akindofbthatkindofcsuchkinddsuch,.,49,TEM-4,Landbelongstothecity;thereis_thingasprivateownershipofland.(2006.60)anosuchabnotsuchcnotsuchadnosuchMydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk_far.(2006.61)a/bsuchcthatdasThat副词表示强调,.,50,TEM-4,Thestatistics_thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.(2006.62)aprovesbisprovingcareprovingdprove,.,51,TEM-4,Ourassociation,whichhasconsistentlypressedforgreateremploymentopportunitiesforthedisabled,willpublish_proposalsinthenearfuture.(2008.51)atheirbourchisditsThefollowingareallcorrectresponsesto“Whotoldthenewstotheteacher?”EXCEPT(2008.61)aJimdidthis.bJimdidso.cJimdidthat.dJimdid.,.,52,TEM-4,Thesquareitselfisfivehundredyardswide,fivetimes_thesizeofSt.PetersinRome.(2008.64)a/bthatofcwhichisdof,.,53,MockTest,1Americanseat_astheyactuallyneedeveryday.atwiceasmuchproteinbtwiceproteinasmuchtwicectwiceproteinasmuchdproteinastwicemuch,.,54,MockTest,2_intheofficehadamistake,andthefirmregrettedcausingthecustomerinconvenience.aSomeonebSomecAnyonedOne3Theywillhaveitfinishedin_.athreequarterofanhourtimebthreequartersofanhourtimecthreequarterofanhourstimedthreequartersofanhourstime,.,55,MockTest,4Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyou_youneed.aalltheinformationballtheinformationscallofinformationdalloftheinformations5Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionasneithersidewouldgivewayto_.atheotherbanyothercanotherdother,.,56,MockTest,6Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused_lateforhislecture.atohavestudentsbforstudentsbeingcforstudentstobedtostudentsbeing,.,57,MockTest,7Hiskindnesswas_thatwewillneverforgethim.awhatbwhichcwhodsuch8Thegrainoutputofourcountryhas_thatbefore1949.athreetimesbtripledctwicedthirdof,.,58,MockTest,9_studentwithalittlecommonsenseshouldbeabletoanswerthequestion.aEachbAnycEitherdOne10Despitethewonderfulactingandwell-developedplot,the_moviecouldnotholdourattention.athree-hoursbthree-hourcthree-hourssdthree-hours,.,59,MockTest,11Wehadapartylastmonth,anditwasalotoffun,soletshave_onethismonth.aanotherbmorectheotherdother12AsIwasjustgettingfamiliarwiththisjob,Ihave_toaskmyboss.amanybmostcmoredmuch,.,60,MockTest,13Iwalkedtoomuchyesterdayand_arestillachingnow.amylegsmusclesbmymusclesoflegcmylegmusclesdmymusclesoftheleg,.,61,MockTest,14_areyoutalkingabout?aWhosbWhichscWhomdWhats15Thedetectivethoughttheguiltypartytobe_becauseIhadthestrongestmotive.aminebIcmedmyself,.,62,MockTest,16_ofthemtookpartinthesportsmeeting.aNonebNobodycAllnodAllnot17Noone_everythingintheworld.aknowsbknowcknowingdnotknow,.,63,MockTest,18_isfromIndia.aThemayorsofNewYorkscatbThemayorscatofNewYorkscThemayorofNewYorkscatdThemayorscatofNewYork,.,64,MockTest,19Itisapitythatweshouldstayathomewhenwehave_weather.asofinebsuchafinecsuchfineds