高中英语语法之三大从句PPT课件

-,1,高中英语语法之三大从句,By陈玲玲,-,2,英语语法，指的是英语中语言的结构和规律，主要包括词法和句法。高考中占较大比重的是句法，而句法中较为重要的是句子成分和句子结构。,（一）词法：英语的词类以及构词法。1、词类：主要有十种，分别是名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、冠词、介词、连词、数词和感叹词。2、构词法：主要有合成法、派生法和转化法。合成法：如spaceshipplaygroundbasketball派生法：inventorlearnerswimmingcongratulationkindnessdangerous转化法：形容词动词，如dry(干燥的)dry(弄干)clean(干净的)clean(打扫干净)动词名词，如look，walk，rest，work，study，swim，talk等名词动词，如hand(手)(传递)，face(脸)(面对)等,-,3,（二）句法：英语的句子成分和句子结构1、句子成分：英语中主要有七种，即主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语（adverbial）、补语（complement）、表语（predicative）。,注意句子成分和词类之间的对应关系,2、句子结构：简单句：有五种基本结构：（1）主+谓（2）主+谓+宾（3）主+谓+间宾+直宾（4）主+谓+宾+宾补（5）主+系+表并列复合句：两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子。其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有：and，but，or，so等。如：Youlovemusicandyouaregoodatmusic.主从复合句：即各种从句，包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）、定语从句、状语从句。高考中占分比最大的是宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和定语从句。,如何区分是简单句还是复合句呢？,-,4,定语从句：AttributiveClause从句在整个句子中作定语，来修饰某个名词或代词，并从属于主句。,状语从句：AdverbialClause从句在整个句子中作状语，起副词的作用。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。一般由连词来引导。,名词性从句：NounClause从句在整个句子中起名词的作用，相当于名词词组。它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,英语中从句的类型,-,5,找谓语动词（是否为复合句）如无并列连词，分别找出主句和从句判断从句在整个句子中担任何种成分？（即为何种从句）Hesaidhisfatherisanengineer.Thelittlegirlinredcoatismysister.Theprizewillgotothewriterwhosestoryshowsthemostimagination.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,whereitwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.,-,6,一、定语从句AttributiveClause,（一）定语从句基本概念1、定语：修饰或限定名词和代词的形容词2、定语从句：顾名思义就是一个句子作定语，并从属于主句。3、先行词：定语从句中所被修饰的名词或代词。（可以是人或物）4、关系词：引导定语从句的词，代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中充当句子成分。有关系代词（whichwho/whomthatwhose）和关系副词（whenwherewhy）两种。,结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句,-,7,（1）StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetwherelifehasdevelopedgradually.【2010福建】（2）IvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolwhomImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.【2010湖南】（3）Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersisterwhereshewouldstayforanhour.【2010江西】（4）Thatsthenewmachinewhosepartsaretoosmalltobeseen.【2010山东】,-,8,（二）定语从句的分类,限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。,非限定性定语从句：从句对先行词或主句进行补充说明或解释，它与先行词或主句间有逗号隔开。（不能用that引导，一般由whichwhowhoseas等引导）,DoyourememberthegirlwhotaughtusEnglish?Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.,二者之间有什么区别？如何判定属于哪种？,定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。Hewastheonlypersoninthiscountrywhowasinvited.,-,9,1、在句中作用不同：限定性定语从句对先行词有限定制约作用，使该词含义更具体，更明确。限定性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意不完整。非限定性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。如果将非限定性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。,2、外在表现形式不同：限定性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限定性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。,3、先行词内容有所不同：大多数限定性和非限定性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下，非限定性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限定性定语从句常由which引导。,4、关系词的使用情况不同：that不可用于引导非限定性定语从句关系代词替代情况不同：who替代whom、that替代who/whom关系代词省略情况不同：关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语时可省去，非限定性定语从句所有关系词均不可省。,限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别,翻译不同：一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。,-,10,请看下面的句子，你会判断吗？,1、Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉，句子就失去意义)2、Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscomingbackhomenextweek.他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)3、Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽车被窃的那个人。4、IveinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。5、Ihaveboughtthesamedresswhichsheiswearing.我买了和她身上穿的一样的衣服。(which指thesamedress)6、Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drivetoofast)7、Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)8、LiMing,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.9、LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,whereaconferencewastobeheld.,注意：并非只有which才能引导非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句中，如果先行词指人则用who，which或whose引导；先行词指物可用which引导；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时，可用when，where引导。,-,11,（三）关系代词引导的定语从句,1、常见的关系代词有：whowhomthatwhichwhose关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词。如果先行词指人，关系代词可用whowhomthatwhose；如果先行词指物，关系代词可用which或that。（1）ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.（2）Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudentswhichallowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.【2011福建】（3）Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.（4）ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.,关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。,-,12,2、关系代词who，whom和whose的用法,（1）who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。（有时可用that代替who）Anarchitectisapersonwhodesignsbuildings.Anyonewhowantstoapplyforthisjobmustsendustheresumebyemailfirst.（2）whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语。在非正式英语中常可省略。Doyouknowthegentleman(whom)wemetintheschoollibraryyesterday?Thisisthestudent(whom)myfathertaughttenyearsago.Thegirl(who/that)IsawiscalledMary.（3）whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。Thegirlstudentwhosefatherisaseniorengineerusedtostudyabroad.Doyouknowthenameofthehotelwhosewindowwecanseehere?（正式用法中：whosewindow=thewindowofwhich）,-,13,3、关系代词which和that的用法,（1）关系代词which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Idonotlikestorieswhichhaveunhappyendings.（which可换成that）Tomworksforafactorywhichmakeswatches.（which可以换成that）（2）关系代词that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Isshethegirlthatsellsnewspapers?（that可以换成who）Whereistheice-creamthatwasinthefridge?（that可以换成which）Isthisthebookthatyouwanttobuy?（that可以换成which，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略）,-,14,4、关系代词who(m),which和that的区别,A.关系代词who、whom与that的区别：（1）当关系代词用作主语时，多用主格who。如Hewholoseshopelosesall.失去希望的人就失去一切。（先行词为代词he,they,any,all,one等，多用who）ImetAlice,whotoldmethatshewaslearningChinese.我遇见艾丽斯，她告诉我她在学汉语。（在非限制性定语从句中，用who）（2）当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时，用宾格whom，不用that。例如：ThemantowhomourheadmastertalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher我们校长刚才与他谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师。（介词与关系代词紧密相连时，只能用宾格whom，不可用主格who）注意：介词与关系代词不是紧密相连时，或者说介词放在句子后面时，这时可以用主格who，也可用that，还可省略关系代词。（3）当关系代词泛指人时，多用that。Heisamanthatisneverafraidoffailure.他是个从不怕失败的人。（that用来泛指人）（4）当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如：WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTominEnglish?（避免重复使用who，以免造成误解或语义含混不清）,-,15,只能用who，不能用that引导定语从句的情况,all作先行词且指人时先行词是those且指人时在therebe结构中且指人时先行词是指人的不定代词时，如one,anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,none等,1.All_havestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.2.Those_wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.3.Thereisayounglady_asksforyou.4.Thestudentyoushouldlearnfromistheone_workshardandstudieswell.,-,16,B.关系代词which与that的区别：(1)当先行词为all,much,little以及不定代词anything,something,everything等时，关系代词多用that。例如：Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。Shetoldmeeverythingthatsheknew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。(2)当先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词theonly,thevery,all,every,any,no等时，关系代词一般都用that。例如：ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveeverread.这是我读过的最好的一部小说。Heistheonlypersonthathasbeeninvitedtotheball.(3)当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如：Whichwasthehotelthatwasrecommendedtotheforeignguest?哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆？（这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which）(4)在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用which。例如：Beijing,whichisthecapitalofthePeoplesRepublicofChina,willhostthe2008OlympicGames.北京是中华人民共和国的首都，将主办2008年奥运会。(5)介词后的关系代词用which，而不用that。例如：Shehascollected600stamps,60%ofwhichareGermanstamps.她收集了600张邮票，其中60是德国邮票。,-,17,只能用which不能用that引导定语从句的情况：引导非限定性定语从句时当关系代词前有介词时当先行词本身就是that时Football,_isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Thisisthehousein_heoncelived.Thatyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.只能用that不能用which引导引导定语从句的情况先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时先行词是不定代词all、little、much、everything等时先行词被all、every、no、theonly、theevery等修饰时先行词既指人又指物时主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Thisisthebestfilm_hasbeenshowninthecity.All_isworthdoingshouldbedonewell.Theytalkedabouttheschoolsandteachers_theyhadvisited.Whoistheman_isreadingthenewspaperoverthere?,-,18,5、小结：关系代词用法注意事项,（1）如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.（2）如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which,who，或whom。例如：ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhaveeverseen.（3）非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostofwhomarewelleducated.（4）which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与andthis相似，并可以指人。例如：Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.,-,19,（5）that可指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。（6）which可作主语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征、品性或才能的人。which引导的定语从句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,whichshewantedtobe.（7）当主句中有who,which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which，为避免重叠，定语从句用that引导。Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?（8）先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.（9）如果先行词是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,关系代词应该用who或whom，不用which。例如：Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?,whom、which和that在从句中作宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时，后面的关系代词不可以省略，且也不能用that。,-,20,（四）关系副词引导的定语从句,1、常见的关系副词有：whenwherewhy关系副词代替前面表示时间、地点和原因的先行词，在定语从句中分别表示时间、地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀：thetimewhentheplacewherethereasonwhy,与关系代词有什么不同？二者的选择依据？,-,21,2、关系代词where的用法,where表示的地方，修饰场所、方位名词Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.=ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.先行词关系副词=ThisisthehousewhichIwasbornin.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.,注：关系副词相当于“介词+关系代词”，即：where=inwhich,-,22,用关系副词where连接下面的句子：Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Wevisitedthehouse.Luxunoncelivedinthehouse.,ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolwheremystudiesisnearapark.WevisitedthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.,-,23,when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词，并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词(which)”。,3、关系副词when的用法,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.when=onwhich(=ontheday)Westillrememberedthedayswhenwetravelledtogether.when=inwhich(=inthedays),-,24,用关系副词when连接下面的句子：TheyllneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.Thedaysaregoneforever.Weusedforeignoilduringthosedays.Therewasatime.Thebusinessmanlostheartatthattime.,TheyllneverforgetJuly1whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedayswhenweusedforeignoilaregoneforever.Therewasatimewhenthebusinessmanlostheart.,介词+关系代词which?,-,25,4、关系副词why的用法,why表示的原因，的理由Doyouknowthereason?Shegotsoangryforthereasonyesterday.Doyouknowthereasonwhyshegotsoangryyesterday?=Doyouknowthereasonwhichshegotsoangryforyesterday?=Doyouknowthereasonforwhichshegotsoangryyesterday？why=forwhich,-,26,5、关系副词引导的定语从句小结：,(1)引导定语从句(2)代替先行词(3)在其所定语从句中担当一个成分。关系代词引导定语从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语；关系副词引导定语从句时，关系副词在从句中充当状语。关系副词=介词+关系代词（不包括that）why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/.which(介词同先行词搭配)when=during/on/in/.which(介词同先行词搭配),牢记定语从句关系词的三个作用：,-,27,“关系副词=介词+关系代词”在定语从句中,这个结构是不是任何时候都成立？,1.Illneverforgetthedayswhen/inwhichweworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedayswhichwespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplacewhere/inwhichIworkedtenyearsago.4.IwenttotheplacewhichIvisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslate.6.Thisisthereasonthat/whichhegave.,-,28,（五）“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句介词+which的定语从句，修饰事或物介词+whom的定语从句，修饰人,-,29,1.Hepaid$10forwashingtenwindows,mostofwhichhadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.2.Heexplainedthereasonforwhichhewaslate.3.TheguitarwithwhichGeorgegavemanyperformanceswaslost.4.Luckily,wedbroughtaroadmapwithoutwhichwewouldhavelostourway.5.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,fromwhommuchcanbelearned.6.Ihavehiredtwotypists,neitherofwhomtypesbetterthanyou.,-,30,（六）特殊引导词as引导的定语从句：（引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）as最基本的用法是做连词“与一样”，表示同级的比较，介词“作为”。下面是它特殊的用法，例句：1.Hedoesnotpossesssuchqualificationsasarenecessarytobeanactor.他并不具备一名演员应有的资格。2.SheboughtthesameskirtasIhadboughtlastweek,soIneedtotalktoheraboutitsowedontwearthematthesametime.她买的那条裙子和我上周买的一模一样，我要和她商量一下，免得“撞衫”。3.Themurdererwhohadkilledseveralpeopleonthecampuswasfinallyarrestedbythepolice,aswasexpected.如我们所愿，那个在校园杀害数人的杀人犯终于被警方逮捕。（该句中并未出现与as搭配的短语，此处的用法是as做关系代词指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中做主语。）4.Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.5.Asisexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.,定语从句与宾语从句、同位语从句、强调句型等的区别？,-,31,学习定语从句需要注意的几个问题：1、定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowasherejustnow.Heisoneofthestudentswhowereherejustnow.2、定语从句与强调结构Itistheplacewheretheylivedbefore.Itisintheplacethattheylivedbefore3、定语从句与并列结构Hehastwosons,neitherofwhomlookslikehim.Hehastwosons,andneitherofthemlookslikehim.4、定语从句与状语从句Hefoundthebookswherehehadput.Hefoundthebooksintheplacewherehehadput.5、定语从句与同位语从句Thenewsthatweheardisnottrue.Thenewsthathewontheprizeisnottrue.,-,32,定语从句练习1,1.Isthisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone2.Isthisfactory_someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.ThatB.whereC.whichD.theone3.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_Iliveinthefarm_youvisitedlastweek.A.when;whereB.which;whichC.when;whichD.which;where4.Doyouknowthereason_hewaslate?A.forwhichB.forwhatC.whichD.that5.Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich6.Isthatthereason_youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat7.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch_washeldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./,-,33,8.Iwillneverforgettheday_westudiedtogether.A.atwhichB.onthatC.atthatD.onwhich9.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich10.Whocanthinkofasituation_thisidiomcanbeused?A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat11.Weretalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that12.Ihavemanybooks,someof_areonchemistry.A.ThemB.thatC.whichD.those13.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich14.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.whereC./D.when15.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where16.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,_forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when,-,34,定语从句练习2,1.Thisistheman_wantstoseeyou.2.Aclockisamachine_tellspeoplethetime.3.Idontknowthereason_hewaslatefortheclass.4.Helostmybike,_mademeunhappy.Abirthdayisthedate_onewasborn.5.Isthereanyone_familyisinBeijing?6.HeisdoingsuchworkasIam.7.Doyouknowthereason_noonequestionedAristotlestheoryforabout2,000years?,-,35,定语从句练习3,下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正。1.Istillrememberthedaythatwefirstmetinourschool.2.IneverforgetthedayswhenIspentwithyourfamilylastsummer.3.Thevillagewhichhewasbornhastakenonanewlook.4.Thisisthetownwherewepaidavisittolastyear.5.Canyoutellmethereasonwhichyoumissedtheclassthismorning.6.DoyoubelievethereasonwhyTomgaveforhisbeinglateforwork?7.Thegirlgotherselfintoasituationthatshewaslikelytolosecontrolofhercar.8.Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplacewherewasawastelandtwoyearsago.,-,36,1.Theplace_interestedmemostwastheChildrensPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Doyouknowtheman_istalkingwithyourfather?Yes,hesourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom4.Thegirl_isreadingunderthetree_mysister.A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；was5.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic_actorsareveryfamous?A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.whom6.Annaskedthepoliceman_heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withhimB.withwhomC.whoD.whom7.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whoseD.with8.Doyouknowthescientist_gaveusatalkjustnow?A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose9.Thisisthedictionary_Mumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom10.ShaolinTemple_liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what,-,37,11.Beijingisthe29thcity_holdstheOlympicGames.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what12.Haveyoureadthebook_Igaveyouyesterday?A.thatB.whenC.where13.Theman_cametoourpartywithapresentismyoldfriend.A.whenB.whichC.who14.Ilikewriters_writeshortstories.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who15.Thisisthequestion_wearetalkingaboutnow.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when16.Whatareyoulookingfor?Iamlookingforthebook_Iboughtyesterday.A.whoB.whichC.whose17.Jack,the