小学英语语法复习ppt课件

小学英语语法,1,名词篇,1.概念:表示事物名称的词,2.形式:可数名词和不可数名词,3.可数名词-有数量上的区别,即单数和复数,4.不可数名词-无数量上的区别，当作单数使用,备注：a和an常用来修饰可数名词，意思是“一个”。一般情况下，当名词或名词短语是以元音音素开头时，用an表示一个；其他用a表示一个。(),anhour,2,一般,可数名词单数变复数的变化规则：,3,6不规则名词复数：man-men;woman-women;fish-fish;sheep-sheep;child-children;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;person-people;mouse-mice;Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanesedeer-deer,4,写出下列各词的复数I_him_it_her_watch_child_photo_diary_day_foot_book_dress_tooth_sheep_box_strawberry_thief_peach_milk_man_woman_sandwich_,we,them,they/them,them/their,watches,children,photos,diaries,days,feet,books,dresses,teeth,strawberries,sheep,boxes,thieves,peaches,milk,men,women,sandwiches,5,代词篇,一、人称代词,1、意义：谁（）,2、分类：主格和宾格,3、用法：用于指代人、物或事的词人称代词的主格放在句子前面作主语宾格放在动词后面作宾语,我，我们，你，你们，他，她，它，他们,6,代词篇,二、物主代词,1、意义：谁的（）,2、分类：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,3、用法：用于指代物品所属的词形容词性物主代词后需加名词，不可单独使用名词性物主代词后不加名词，可单独使用,我的，我们的，你的，你们的，他的，她的，它的，他们的,7,代词篇,Iweyouyouhesheitthey,meusyouyouhimheritthem,myouryouryourhisheritstheir,mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs,8,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thatisnot_cat.Thatcatisverybig,but_isverysmall.(I)2.Thedressis_.Giveitto_.(she)3._ismybrother._nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_.(he)4.Icanfindmypen,butwheres_?(you)5.Show_yournewkite,OK?(we),my,mine,hers,her,He,His,his,yours,us,9,形容词篇,1.概念:用来修饰人、物或事的词,2.形式:原级、比较级、最高级,3.比较级：两个（也可以是两类）人或事物相比较时，需使用形容词的比较级形式,10,一般,形容词原级变比较级的变化规则：,11,形容词原级变比较级的变化规则：,好：goodbetter坏：badworse多：manymoremuchmore少：littleless远：farfarther/further,备注：asas也可使用在相比较的句子中，意思是“和一样”，asas中间用形容词的原级,12,一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级short_strong_big_small_fat_thin_heavy_light_nice_good_beautiful_low_slow_far_fast_late_early_,shorter,stronger,bigger,smaller,fatter,thinner,heavier,lighter,nicer,better,morebeautiful,lower,slower,farther/further,faster,later,earlier,13,二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。1.Mybrotheristwoyears_(old)thanme.2.Tomisas_(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister_(young)thanyou?4.Whois_(thin),youorHelen?5.Maryisnotas_(tall)astheothergirls.6.Myeyesare_(big)than_(she).,older,fat,younger,thinner,tall,bigger,hers,14,三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？_is_thanJim？2、我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike_.Allmy_are_thanme.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？_pencilis_,_or_？4、我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_thanmy_.5、多做运动，你会更强壮。_moreexercise,youllbe_soon.,Whoolder,swimming,friendsslower,Whoselonger,hishers,Motherisyoungerfather,Do,stronger,15,动词篇,1、be动词：,2、情态动词：,3、助动词：,4、行为动词：,注：I和am固定搭配，其他单数is复数are.,am,is,are,can,may,must,注：情态动词后用动词原形。含有情态动词的句子，变成否定句和一般疑问句的规则和be动词变化规则基本一致。,do,does,did,注：助动词帮助行为动词构成否定句和一般疑问句。有助动词的句子，行为动词需用原形。,play,swim,run,16,口诀一：句中含有be动词，变成否定很简单。be后加not,意义即否定。,口诀二：句中含有be动词，变成一般疑问句有步骤。be动词提前；首字母大写；句号变问号；读句子用升调；I和we变成you；my和our变成your。,口诀一：句中含有情态动词，变成否定很简单。情态动词后加not,意义即否定。,口诀二：句中含有情态动词，变成一般疑问句有步骤。情态动词提前；首字母大写；句号变问号；读句子用升调；I和we变成you；my和our变成your.,17,一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。,动词及时态篇:一般现在时,时间,状态,动词,18,一般现在时的构成be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。注:当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加“s”或“es”(规则同名词单数变复数相似)如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。,19,含有be动词的句式变化肯：主语+be+其他。否：主语+be+not+其他。问：Be+主语+其他？答：Yes,主语be./No,主语benot.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+其他？,讲义共享,Iamahappystudent.,Iamnotahappystudent.,Areyouahappystudent?,Yes,Iam./No,Imnot.,Who/Whatareyou?,Heisateacher.,Heisnotateacher.,Isheateacher?,Yes,heis./No,heisnt.,Who/Whatishe?=Whatishisjob?,20,含有行为动词的句式变化：肯:主+行为动词(s/es)+其他。否:主+dont/doesnt+行为动词+其他。问:Do/Does+主+行为动词+其他？答:Yes,主do/does./No,主dont/doesnt.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does+主+行为动词+其他?,Igotoschoolbybuseveryday.,Idontgotoschoolbybuseveryday.,Doyougotoschoolbybuseveryday?,Yes,Ido./No,Idont.,Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?,Whendoyougotoschoolbybus?,Whatdoyoudoeveryday?,Helikesswimming.,Hedoesntlikeswimming.,Doeshelikeswimming?,Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.,Whatdoeshelikedoing?,Wholikesswimming?,21,动词第三人称单数变化规则：,22,一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass_carry_,drinks,goes,stays,makes,looks,has,passes,carries,二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMondays.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSundays.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?6._yourparentsoften_(read)books?7.Mrs.Wu_(teach)usEnglishonSundays.8.SheandIusually_(take)awalktogether.,has,are,dontwatch,doesntgo,Do,like,Do,read,take,teaches,23,三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)4.WegotoschoolonSundays.(改为否定句),DanieldoesntwatchTVeveryevening.,Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?No,Idont.,Doesshelikemilk?Yes,shedoes.,WedontgotoschoolonSundays.,24,现在进行时,现在进行时的功能：,现在进行时的构成:,1、现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。,如：Mymotheriscookinginthekitchen.我妈妈正在厨房里做饭。,2、表示即将发生的动作。,如：Look！Thebusiscoming.看,公交车来啦。,主+be+动词ing.,夹心面包/汉堡/Be动词不能少！,25,现在进行时的句式变化：肯：主+be+动词ing+（其他）。否：主+be+not+动词ing+（其他）。问：Be+主+动词ing+（其他）？答：Yes,主+be./No,主+be+not.特殊疑问句：,Mymotherisnotreadinginthebedroom.,Mymotherisreadinginthebedroom.,Isyourmotherreadinginthebedroom?,Yes,sheis./No,sheisnt.,Whatisyourmotherdoinginthebedroom?,Whereisyourmotherreading?,Whoisreadinginthebedroom?,26,动词的现在分词（动词后加ing）变化规则：,27,一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run_swim_make_begin_write_shop_go_skip_put_have_sing_dance_see_live_take_come_get_sit_,running,swimming,making,beginning,writing,shopping,going,skipping,putting,having,singing,dancing,seeing,living,taking,coming,getting,sitting,28,二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy_(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_(sing)intheclassroom3.Mymother_(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_you_(do)now?5.Look!They_(have)anEnglishlesson.,isdrawing,aresinging,iscooking,aredoing,arehaving,29,三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomework.(改一般疑问句并作肯定回答)_,Aretheydoinghousework?,Theyarenotdoinghousework.,Arethestudentsdoingtheirhomework?,Yes,theyare.,30,一般将来时,一般将来时的功能,如：Iwillplayfootballthisweekend.我这个周末要去踢足球。,2.表示打算、计划或预备做某事。,如：Iamgoingtoplayfootballthisweekend.我打算这个周末踢足球。,1.表示将要发生的事情。,一般将来时的结构,主+begoingto/will+动词原形+其他。,31,一般将来时的句式变化肯:主+begoingto+动词原形+其他。主+will+动词原形+其他。否:主+benotgoingtot动词原形+其他。主+willnot/wont+动词原形+其他。,Iamgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.,Iwillplayfootballtomorrow.,Iamnotgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.,Iwillnot/wontplayfootballtomorrow.,32,一般将来时的句式变化问:Be+主+goingto+动词原形+其他。Will+主+动词原形+其他?答:Yes,主be./No,主benot.Yes,主will./No,主willnot/wont.,Areyougoingtoplayfootballtomorrow?,Willyouplayfootballtomorrow?,Yes,Iam./No,Imnot.,Yes,Iwill./No,Iwont.,33,一般将来时的句式变化特殊疑问句：Iamgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Iwillplayfootballtomorrow.Whenareyougoingtoplayfootball?Whenwillyouplayfootball?,Iamgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.,Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?,Iwillplayfootballtomorrow.,Whatwillyoudotomorrow?,34,练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.I_haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_yourmother_goshoppingthis_?Yes,she_.She_buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_you_meet?,amgoingto,will,areyougoingtodo,amgoingto,Isgoingtoweekend,is,isgoingto,aregoingto,35,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Tomorrowisasunnyday.We_(have)apicnicintheafternoon.2.Mybrother_(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomoften_(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrainy.He_(go)toschoolbybike.4.Maryusually_(watch)TVonSundaymorning.ButthisSunday,she_(notwatch)TV.Look,she_(make)acakenow.,aregoingtohave,isgoingto(go),goes,isgoingto(go),watches,isntgoingtowatch,ismaking,36,一般过去时,一般过去时的功能,如：Iplayedfootballlastweekend.上周末我去踢足球了。,2.表示过去某个时间发生的动作。,如：Iwasveryfatfiveyearsago.五年前我非常胖。,1.表示过去某个时间存在的状态。,一般过去时的结构,主+动词过去式()+其他。,be动词、行为动词、情态动词,37,一般过去时的句式变化：肯：主+be（was/were）+其他。否：主+be(was/were)+not其他。问：Be(was/were)+主+其他？答：Yes,主+be./No,主+be+not.特殊疑问句：,Iwasnot/wasntveryfatfiveyearsago.,Iwasveryfatfiveyearsago.,Wereyouveryfatfiveyearsago?,Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnt.,Whenwereyouveryfat?,Howwereyoufiveyearsago?,38,一般过去时的句式变化：肯：主+动词过去式+其他。否：主+didnt+动词原形+其他。问：Did+主+动词原形+其他？答：Yes,主+did./No,主+didnt.特殊疑问句：,Ididntplayfootballlastweekend.,Iplayedfootballlastweekend.,Didyouplayfootballlastweekend?,Yes,shedid./No,shedidnt.,Whendidyouplayfootball?,Whatdidyoudolastweekend?,39,动词过去式变化规则：,40,常用不规则动词过去式：am、is-,are-,do-,see-,say-,give-,get-，go-,come-,have-,eat-，take-,run-,sing-,put-,make-,read-,write-,draw-,drink-,swim-,sit-，ride-,hit-,was,were,did,saw,said,gave,got,went,came,had,ate,took,ran,sang,put,made,read,wrote,drew,drank,swam,sat,rode,hit,41,用动词的适当形式填空It_(be)BensbirthdaylastFriday.Weall_(have)agoodtimelastnight.He_(jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen_(milk)acowlastFriday.Shelikes_newspapers,butshe_abookyesterday.(read)6._they_(sweep)theflooreverySundays?No,they_.7.He_(watch)acartoononSundayevenings.,was,had,ju