学生文献综述批阅(范文1).doc

精品文档中美纺织品贸易摩擦文献综述随着中美纺织品贸易的快速发展，中美纺织品贸易摩擦问题已成为两国关注的一个焦点。中外经济学界针对两国纺织品贸易摩擦进行了大量的实际调查和理论研究，由于双方观点立场的不同，形成了各具特色的理论。先将从摩擦产生的原因、效应、对策等重要方面加以分类，对各位学者的研究成果进行总结。在国际贸易中确实存在这固有的利益冲突，为了保护自身利益，贸易摩擦在所难免。一、中美纺织品贸易摩擦成因Bown and McCulloch（2005）认为美国的歧视性贸易政策加重了中美之间的贸易摩擦。美方一方面对中国提出反倾销诉讼和特殊保障措施，另一方面鱼中国竞争对手签订大量的贸易协定。在中美纺织品贸易中，美国宁可以稍高价格与印度、孟加拉等过签订纺织品贸易合同，也不愿增大中国纺织品在美市场份额，另一方面，在2005年纺织品配额取消后，仍以保护国内产业为由对中国部分纺织品实行数量限制，这些歧视性政策只能激化两国纺织品贸易摩擦。杨志琴认为纺织品和服装配额取消,这必然会影响全球纺织品和服装贸易的格局，我国纺织品和服装贸易将面临新的局面。一方面,有机会扩大出口增加市场份额；另一方面,可能会面临更多的贸易壁垒。配额取消后我国纺织品和服装贸易将面临更激烈的竞争。梁军认为美国迫于利益集团的压力，政府自身的政治需要和对华抑制战略需要等政治因素，导致中美贸易摩擦不断。朱启荣、张旭青和张海森等指出：一、中国纺织品对美的出口增长给美国企业造成了巨大冲击，影响了美国纺织品厂商的利益，这是中美纺织品贸易摩擦产生的直接原因。二、廉价的中国纺织品大量涌进美国市场使得美国纺织品厂商的利益严重受损，也使美国挽救本国纺织业的激化被打乱。三、美国国内政治因素诱发了中美纺织品贸易摩擦的发生。苗迎春和李春顶认为贸易摩擦是国际贸易中的一种自然现象。依据这一观点，一部分的中美纺织品贸易是伴随中美纺织品贸易开展而必然发生，属正常情况。以赵丽君为代表的学者认为中美长期巨额的贸易顺差，是招致中美纺织品贸易摩擦的根本原因。中美之间的贸易顺差还引起美国人的心理失衡，为此而感到恐惧和担忧。美国制造贸易摩擦，控制中国纺织品出口，是为转移国内视线，获得国内某些特殊利益集团政治上的支持。赵丽君同时指出中国纺织品出口集中于香港、日本、欧盟、美国和俄罗斯5个国家和地区，配额取消后美国成为中国的第一大出口市场，更加大了与美国发生贸易摩擦的机会。张宁认为中美纺织品贸易摩擦是中美多种矛盾冲突的一个突破口，于中美纺织品贸易相比，美国政府更关心人民币汇率、知识产权和政府采购等问题。纺织品贸易摩擦只是中美诸多矛盾的一种表现。其后隐藏这美国深层的政治和经济目的。斯蒂芬罗奇指出，中国出口总额的增长的65%来源于外商投资企业和中外合资企业。中国纺织企业很大一部分属于三资企业，生产过程中经常采用来料加工生产方式。产品转销回美国，增大了中美纺织品贸易的摩擦。冯小玲、赵放指出近年来中国纺织品品种单一，款式单调，缺乏竞争优势，只能靠廉价的价格来增加产品竞争力。为争夺客源，企业间互相压价，不仅行业利润微薄，发展潜力补足，而且在国际市场上，会引起国外的反侵销调查，加大贸易摩擦的概率。同时，在2005年美国国会报告中，认定人民币币值低估范围在15%40%之间。正是由于人民币低估使得中国纺织品在价格上具有很强竞争力，这种不平等的竞争激发了中美纺织品贸易摩擦的产生。二、中美纺织品贸易摩擦的对策冯小玲、赵放指出政府应逐步对出口纺织品企业普遍的支持政策，将扶植政策重点倾向于有自身品牌的企也，摆脱目前单纯依靠劳动力资源优势的状况。何伟文则提出，中国可根据实际需要，大力增加美国产品对中国的出口，减少中美贸易逆差，并把一部分中国贸易顺差转化为对美制造业投资。崔曰明、李兵、赵勇提出对待中美贸易摩擦应该采取理性思维的方式，加强两国间政府交流，增进相互了解，达成共识，尽量减少摩擦发生；同时我国政府还需调整补贴政策的思路。改变目前不符合WTO相关精神的补贴方法，尽量避免因此产生的贸易摩擦.乔治洛奇认为当今激烈的国际竞争正在打破美国长期信奉的自由竞争和政策干预越来越少的神话，政府应更多介入企业活动，帮助企业免受在国际市场的人为限制。斯蒂芬罗奇认为，中国的竞争力来源于劳动成本、技术、质量控制和基础建设设施，人民币币值只是表现形式。美国前贸易代表巴尔舍夫斯基建议通过缓和双方矛盾，减轻中国压力，以化解中美纺织品贸易摩擦。提出：1、中国应全面执行WTO承诺；2、中国可把人民币与美元在更高的汇率上重新挂钩，或在一个更宽的汇率范围内波动，以缓解压力；3、中国改革出口退税政策。综上文献所述，鉴于纺织业对我国整个经济的发展起着举足轻重的作用，以及中美纺织品贸易摩擦的愈演愈烈，对中美纺织品贸易摩擦进行研究有助于深刻认识中美贸易摩擦对我国造成的影响，并对促进中美纺织品贸易的健康发展有着费城重要的理论和现实意义。Literature reviewA, China textile trade friction causesBown McCulloch. (2005) think American discriminatory trade policies between China and the United States increased trade frictions. On one hand, put forward the anti-dumping litigation in China and special security measures, on the other hand, the fish China signed a competitors trade agreement. In China, the textile trade with a high price rather than India, Bangladesh, etc have signed the contract, nor textile trade to increase market share in Chinas textile beauty, on the other hand, in 2005 quotas, still to protect domestic industries as part of Chinas textile executes quantitative restrictions, such discriminatory policies can only intensified textile trade friction between the two countries.YangZhiQin think of textiles and clothing quotas, this will affect cancellation of global textile and clothing trade pattern, Chinas textile and apparel trade will face new situations. On one hand, and have the opportunity to expand exports increased market share, On the other hand, may face more barriers to trade. After quota in textiles and clothing trade will face more intense competition.American interests group under dose-volume pressure, the governments own political and strategic needs China as inhibiting political factors, resulting in sino-us trade frictions.ZhuQiRong, ZhangXuQing and points out: a ZhangHaiSen etc, China textile exports to the United States for the growth of the huge impact caused by enterprises, the influence of the U.S. textile manufacturers sino-american textile industry it is the direct cause of trade friction. Second, cheap Chinese textiles flooding us market makes the U.S. textile manufacturers of interests, also make us seriously damaged by the domestic textile industry to save intensified. Third, the American domestic political factors inducing the sino-american textile trade frictions.MiaoYingChun and LiChun top trade friction is that international trade in a natural phenomenon. According to this view, part of the sino-american textile trade with Chinas textile trade development is inevitable, belong to the normal situation.ZhaoLiJun in China as a representative of the scholars think long-term huge trade surplus, which leads to China textile trade friction. Chinas trade surplus also cause American psychological unbalance, for fear and worry. U.S. manufacturing trade friction, control, is Chinas textile exports to China, transfer line in certain special interest group political support. ZhaoLiJun also pointed out that Chinese textile exports to focus on Hong Kong, Japan, and the European Union, the United States and Russia in five countries and regions, the quota of China after America became the first big export market, more big and U.S. trade frictions.Zhang ning think China textile trade friction is a breach of conflicts in sino-us trade in textiles, the U.S. government CARES more than RMB exchange rate, intellectual property rights and government procurement. Sino-american textile trade friction is a kind of contradictions. After the American hidden deep political and economic purposes.Stephen roach points out, Chinas total exports from the growth 65% of enterprises with foreign investment and foreign joint ventures. A large part of Chinese textile enterprises, foreign invested enterprise belongs to the production process USES frequently processing production. Turn back to American products, increase the sino-american textile trade friction.FengXiaoLing ZhaoFang pointed out in recent years, Chinas textile single species, design, lack of competitive advantage, only by cheap price to increase product competitiveness. As for the passengers, interacting with other companies, small profits and development potential industry, and in the international market, will cause the invading foreign trade friction, increasing sales of probability.At the same time, in 2005 congress report, the currency in 15% - 40% undervalued range between. Because RMB underestimated China textiles in price competition, this does not have very strong competition inspired the equality of sino-american textile trade frictions.Second, the sino-american textile trade frictionsFengXiaoLing, that the government should ZhaoFang for export of textile enterprises gradually generally support policy, will foster policy tend to have its own brand enterprises, and now rely solely on labor resource advantage.HeWeiWen is put forward according to actual needs, China, U.S. product exports to China, reduce trade deficit, and the part of Chinas trade surplus for U.S. manufacturing investment.Cui yue min,li bing,zhao yong, put forward LiBing treat sino-us trade frictions should adopt a rational thinking way, strengthen the exchanges between the two countries, and promote mutual understanding, consensus, try to reduce friction, While our government should also adjust subsidy policy ideas. Change does not conform to the WTO relevant spirit, try to avoid the subsidy of trade frictions.George rocky think todays fierce international competition is broken in the free competition policy intervention and less myth, the government should be more intervention activities, help enterprise from the people in the international market.Stephen roach, the competitiveness of China from labor costs, technology, quality control and infrastructure facilities, the yuan is form.ormer U.S. trade representative barr krzyzewski Suggestions, alleviate contradictions through detente in China, and to defuse pressure textile trade friction. Put forward: 1, China should implement WTO commitments, 2, the yuan against the dollar in China can be at a higher rate, or on the exchange rate in a wider range, to relieve pressure, 3 and export drawback policy reform in China.参考文献：1、2005 Report to Congress of the U.S-china Economic and Security Review Commission2、布瑞恩麦克唐纳著，叶兴国译；世界贸易体制从乌拉圭回合谈起，上海人民出版社，2002年10月第一版3、巴尔舍夫斯基：中美贸易关系处于敏感阶段，新华网（）,2003年11月11日4、乔治洛奇：轮到美国改革了（中译本）【M】，北京 人民出版社，2001年11月第一版5、人民币汇率同中美贸易不平衡没有关联，人民网（），2006年2月16日6、斯蒂芬罗奇：责任中国的虚伪，金融时报，2003年8月7日7、崔曰明、李兵、赵勇：中美贸易摩擦转向升级与对策，国际经贸探索，2007（3），178、杨志琴：纺织品和服装配额取消对我国的影响和应对策略，世界经济与政治论坛2004年06期9、李春顶：中美贸易摩擦成因中的心理、制度和政治因素分析，财贸研究，2007（3），5010、贝小为：后配额时代我国纺织业的现状及应对之策，经济前沿，2005（1）11、梁军：中美贸易摩擦的经济学困惑及其政治学解释，国际观察2005（4），6512、苗迎春：中美贸易摩擦及其影响，当代亚洲2004（3），34-4213、张宁：中美纺织品博弈探讨，改革与战略，2006（2），4214、赵君丽：后配额时代中美纺织品贸易摩擦的原因探析，国际经贸，2007（6），915、朱启荣、张旭青、张海森：中美纺织品贸易摩擦的原因分析与思考，国际经贸探索，2004（3），70因此，我在文献综述的基础上，结合中美纺织品贸易摩擦的现状，从理论和实证两个层面对中美纺织品贸易摩擦的经济效应进行研究，并提出相应切实可行的对策来化解中美纺织品贸易矛盾，推动中美纺织品贸易的顺利发展。题目定为中美纺织品贸易摩擦的经济效应研究分析 注：老师您好。以上是我的文献综述中英文内容，由于世博会安保时间紧、任务重。文献阅读及思考时间比较仓促，在上文中肯定存在诸多的不足。恳请老师能多给予指点，我将尽我所能尽快尽好的完成我的毕业论文。谢谢！。：你好！请考虑如下问题：1、关于你所选定的中美纺织品贸易摩擦的经济效应研究分析论文题，我认为该选题过于宏大，尚需进一步细化。比如，“争端”是哪方面的争端（美对华设限纺织品的范围、计算的基数、配额增长率等