初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习.docx

初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1)单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 2)以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 3)以辅音字母-y 结尾改 -y 为i,加上 -er 和-est 构成. happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级) 4) 以一个辅音字母结尾重读闭音节词双写这个辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 5) 双音节和多音节 需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级) (比较级) (最高级) difficult (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: good/well-better-best many/much-more-mostlittle-less-least bad/ill-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest old-older,elder-oldest,eldest形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 形容词比较级的用法:用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分，主句+than+从句。注意：从句常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Lilys room is bigger than mine.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Hainan.否定用not+比较级+than或less than This questionis less difficult /not more difficult than that one. Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法:用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主句+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句，形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围： It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. She is student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中最高的。 This is apple I have ever met.这是我见到的最大的苹果。 二、 形容词各等级的用法： 1.原级（同级）比较：asas; not as(so)as （1）“A+as+形容词原级+as+B”He is as tall as me. 他和我一样高。English is as interesting as Chinese. 英文和中文一样有趣。Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom.你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。否定句中的结构：(1)“Anot+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”It is not as/so good as what you said. 那没有你说的那么好。（2）表示两者之间比 更可用状语 a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal , much,even,still,far,rather,any等程度副词修饰：He made much fewer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I. （3）表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更.”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词的比较级，A or B? ”表示。Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?(4) 如果两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, 短语： John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. (5) the more. the more.表示“越越”: The more food you eat, the fatter you are. The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. (6) more and more.表示“越来越”: More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.2.最高级： (1)表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最.”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，Bor C? ”表示。Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?（2）表示“最.的.之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数形式”Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.（3）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最.”.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加theChinas biggest city isShanghai.Fishing is his latest hobby.三、 重点与难点： asas结构：（1）“A+as+形容词原级+as+ B”否定句中的结构：“Anot+ as/so+形容词原级+as+B”2、 (1)tooto与 sothat sb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink. The milk was so hot that we cant drink it. (2) tooto与 not enough toHe is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、 用比较级表示最高级：比较级+than+any other+可名单 比较级+than+all other+k可名复John is taller than any other boy in the class. 约翰是班里最高的男生。John is the tallest boy in the class. 形容词比较级与最高级练习1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5 I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important6 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 7 My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few 8 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller9 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 10 Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse11. The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D. so 12.The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap 13 Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times14. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years15. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject16. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter17._ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least18. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and hard B. more hard and hard C. harder and harder D. hard and less harder19.When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer 20 _ you come back, _ it will be.A, quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; better D. The sooner; better21 .I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older22. Which is_ country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest 2 3. Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small Dsmaller24. Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most 25. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult 26. Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well 27. Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 28.The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 29. Who is-of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older30 .Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall31 .English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language1. Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city B. large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities2 .The tree is _ in the garden.A. the taller B. the tallest C. taller than of-all D. tall.3 .Mary studies harder in her class.A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone 4 .Which language is_, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest D. much more easy5 .Which is_ _interesting, science, maths or English?A. more B. the most C. very D. too6. Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything7. Mike, I have_to tell you.A. important something B. important anything C. something important , D. anything important8. There is _ in todays newspaper.A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting9 Come here, I have_ to tell you.A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting10. Im not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall . health enough D. strong enough11 The girl works hard _ to pass the exam.A. enough B. too C. still D. yet12 He has_ to think it over. . A. many time B. times C. time enough D, enough time13 Do you want_A. else anyt