it句型归纳及练习.doc

It句型诠释及练习含 it 的句型几乎年年高考考到，现根据其用法特点可归纳为下列句型。 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that 之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由 who 换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到才”，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句，常译为 “ 清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned) that 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“ 据说（据报道，据悉）”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbit6. It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为“ 据建议；有命令）”。 It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 该句型中，that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可省去表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 8. It is time ( about time , high time ) that . 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）的时侯”。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second ) time that 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；it 有时用 this 替换，常译为“是第一（二）次”。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10. It is since . 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 11. It is . when . 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当的时候，是”。 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before . 该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为“之后”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens that. 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen是不及物动词 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧 14. It takes sb. to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做要花费某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesnt matter whether. 该句型中whether 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为“不论（是否） 没关系。 It doesnt matter whether they are old (or not). 17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of 引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的), polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong (错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型。不定式的逻辑主语由for 引起，形容词通常表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况。常见的形容词有： important, necessary, natural easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, impossible, pleasant 等。 如：It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party 19. It seems/appears that 看来 It seems/appears that he will be back in a few days. It looks ( seems ) as if . 该句型中it 无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，“看起来好象 如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It seemed as if he were dying.(虚拟语气)20. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：【 6123结构 】 6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ； 1 指的是形式宾语it ； 2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词 ； 3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that 引导的宾语从句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. 巩固练习：1. The boy became fatter and fatter each day and made his parents sad. A.which B.what C.he D.it 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see . A.who is heB.who he is C.who is itD.who it is 3. In fact, is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A.this B.that C.there D.it4. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didnt help. A.he B.which C.she D.it5. Doesmatter whether he can finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it6. used to be thought that the earth was square. A.He B.What C.It D.That7. I took for granted that he would believe in us. A.that B.the thing C.it D.this8. He lived in poverty, and he couldnt help . A.so B.such C.it D.that9. We had to be patient because itsome time we got the full results. A.has been ； sinceB.had been ； until C.was； after D.would be ； before 10. four years since I joined the army.A.There was B.There is C.It was D.It is11. Have you ever seen a whale alive? Yes, Ive seen . A.thatB.itC.suchD.one12. being March 12th, they planted trees on the hill. A.ThatB.It is C.ItD.This13. Was that the new comer who walked by? . A.It must be that B.It must have been C.He must be D.This must have been 14. Our classroom is very clean. Do you know whocleaned it? A.was it that B.it was that C.was it who D.he was 15. Its the third time arrived late this month. A.that you B.when you C.that youve D.when youve 16. He said, “ a long way to school. a long way to go yet before we arrived.” A.It is ； There isB.There is ； It is C.It is ； It is D.There is； There is17. for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A.If it is not B.Where it not C.Had it not beenD.If they were not 18. She finds boring at home. A.it； staying B.that； being stayed C.this； to stay D.it； stayed 19. Few children are as bright as he is, and also, he works very hard. Its no that he always gets the first place in any examination. A.question B.doubt C.problem D.wonder20. Now then, children. Its high time you and dressed. A.washedB.should wash C.were washed D.are washed 21. Why did he let you repeat his instruction time and time again? that I remember what wasafter he went out. A.To see to it；to be done B.Making sure； to be done C.To make sure；to do D.Seeing to； done 22. the people have become the master of their own countryscience can really serve the people. A.It is only then； thatB.It was that； when C.It is only when； that D.It was when； then23. is no difference between A and B. A.There B.Where C.It D.What 24. How long to finish your composition? A.will it take you B.will take you C.you will take it D.you will take 25. is just like him to want to do something different from everybody else. A.It B.There C.He D.Who 26. That young Swedishquite still, except that his lips moved slightly. A.kept B.grew C.got D.stood27. In late autumn leaves brown. A.get B.turn C.stand D.come28. Little Jims speech sounds . A.friendly B.wonderfully C.pleasantly D.nicely 29. The poor boy blind at the age of three. A.turned B.went C.became D.looked30. As a child, Franc . A.was alive B.grew patience C.ran wild D.came true 1.D。it指代上文提到的事。另外，指代上文提到的情况，还可用that；指代下文的情况用this。2.D。it作人称代词,用来指代身份和性别等不明确的人。3.D。it作形式主语,真正主语为不定式复合结构for sb. to do sth.4.D。it指代前一分句的内容。5.D。it作形式主语，代替if从句所表达的内容。6.C。it作形式主语，代替真正主语that从句。7.C。it作形式宾语，代替后面的that从句。8.C。cantcouldnt help (it)意为“是没有办法的事”，“控制不了”。9.D。在it be一段时间beforeaftersince句型中，before从句中的动作经过该段时间后才会实现；after从句中的动作完成后已经过去了一段时间；since从句中的动作完成后到现在已经有一段时间了。10.D。参见注9。11.D。one作为不定代词用来代替上文出现的单数可数名词；it为人称代词，指代前面出现过的某个事物