2012届高考英语第一轮名词性从句语法专题教案

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/92012届高考英语第一轮名词性从句语法专题教案2012届高考英语第一轮名词性从句语法专题教案2012年高三一轮复习金子般的学案语法部分名词性从句（新人教版）【定义】一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语，相当于名词，故称为名词性从句。【四大从句】名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语，即句子充当主语，该句子称为主语从句。【完成例句】根据句意选词填空THAT,IF,WHETHER,WHY,WHEN,WHAT1THATHEWILLSUCCEEDISCERTAIN2WHETHERHEWILLGOTHEREISNOTKNOWN3WHATHESAIDISNOTTRUE4WHENTHEMEETINGWILLBEHELDHASNOTBEENDECIDEDYET【结论】THAT从句，从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，没有具体意义，不充当句子成分，只起标志性作用，但THAT不能省略。WHETHER从句，从句来源于一般疑问句，WHETHER不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用IF替换。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/9特殊疑问词从句，从句来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，意思为特殊疑问词本来的意思，在从句中充当句子成分。【疑难1】WHOHEISISNONEOFMYBUSINESS【疑难剖析1】任何从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。【疑难2】THATHELIKESENGLISHISKNOWNTOUSALLWHATHESAIDATTHEMEETINGMADEMESAD【疑难剖析2】主句时态为过去时，从句时态为过去的某一时态；主句时态为现在时或将来时，从句时态视具体情况而定。【疑难3】THAT2010ASIANGAMESARESUCCESSFULISKNOWNTOALL【疑难剖析3】单个句子作主语，视为单数。【疑难3】ITISAPITYTHATYOUDIDNTGOTOSEETHEFILMITDOESNTINTERESTMEWHETHERYOUSUCCEEDORNOTITISINTHEMORNINGTHATTHEMURDERTOOKPLACEITISJOHNTHATBROKETHEWINDOW【疑难剖析3】1主语从句通常由IT充当形式主语，而本身放在句子末尾。2IT作形式主语和IT引导强调句的比较IT作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而IT引导的强调句则是对句精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/9子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词THAT。被强调部分指人时也可用WHO/WHOM。3用IT作形式主语的常用结构ITIS名词从句ITISAFACTTHAT事实是ITISANHONORTHAT非常荣幸ITISCOMMONKNOWLEDGETHAT是常识ITIS形容词从句ITISNATURALTHAT很自然ITISSTRANGETHAT奇怪的是ITIS不及物动词从句ITSEEMSTHAT似乎ITHAPPENEDTHAT碰巧ITAPPEARSTHAT似乎IT过去分词从句ITISREPORTEDTHAT据报道ITHASBEENPROVEDTHAT已证实ITISSAIDTHAT据说【疑难5】ITISSAIDTHATCHAIRMANHUWILLVISITOURSCHOOLNEXTWEEKTHATCHAIRMANHUWILLVISITOURSCHOOLNEXTWEEKISSAID精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/9【疑难剖析5】主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况1IF引导的主语从句不可位于复合句句首。2ITISSAID/REPORTED结构中的主语从句不可提前。3ITHAPPENS/OCCURS结构中的主语从句不可提前。ITOCCURREDTOHIMTHATHEFAILEDINTHEEXAMINATIONTHATHEFAILEDINTHEEXAMINATIONOCCURREDTOHIM4ITDOESNTMATTERHOW/WHETHER结构中的主语从句不可提前。ITDOESNTMATTERWHETHERHEISWRONGORNOTWHETHERHEISWRONGORNOTDOESNTMATTER5含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。ISITLIKELYTHATITWILLRAININTHEEVENINGISTHATWILLRAININTHEEVENINGLIKELY【疑难6】WHAT与THAT在引导主语从句时的区别WHATYOUSAIDYESTERDAYISRIGHTTHATSHEISSTILLALIVEISACONSOLATION【疑难剖析6】WHAT引导主语从句时在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，而THAT则不充当任何成分。二、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句是宾语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词及物动词或介词之后。【完成例句】精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/9根据句意选词填空THAT,IF,WHETHER,WHERE,WHAT，WHO5IHEARDTHATHEJOINEDTHEARMY6SHEDIDNOTKNOWWHATHADHAPPENEDIWONDERWHETHERYOUCANCHANGETHISNOTEFORME7SHETOLDMETHATSHEWOULDACCEPTMYINVITATION【结论9】由THAT引导的宾语从句THAT通常可以省略，THAT在从句中不充当任何成分。由WHAT引导的宾语从句，WHAT在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。WHETHERIF引导的宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”。【疑难1】引导宾语从句时IF和WHETHER的区别IASKEDHERIF/WHETHERSHEHADABIKETHEYDISCUSSEDWHETHERTHEYWILLGOBACKRIGHTNOWWEREWORRIEDABOUTWHETHERHEISSAFEIDONTKNOWWHETHERORNOTHEWILLCOMEIDONTKNOWWHETHERTOGO【疑难剖析1】引导宾语从句时用IF和WHETHER都可以，但有只用WHETHER的特殊情况动词DISCUSS后；介词后；WHETHER与ORNOT连用时；WHETHERTODO。【疑难2】IAMAFRAIDTHATIVEMADEAMISTAKE【疑难剖析2】作形容词的宾语时，可以省略THAT。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/9【注意】下列形容词后常跟THAT引导的从句作宾语ANXIOUS,AWARE,CERTAIN,CONFIDENT,CONVINCED,DETERMINED,GLAD,PROUD,SURPRISED,WORRIED,SORRY,THANKFUL,ASHAMED,DISAPPOINTED,ANNOYED,PLEASED,HURT,SATISFIED,CONTENT等。有时也将此类词后的THAT从句看作原因状语从句。【疑难3】WEHEARDITTHATSHEWOULDGETMARRIEDNEXTMONTH【疑难剖析3】IT不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语THAT从句则放在句尾特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。【疑难4】IADMIRETHEIRWINNINGTHEMATCHIADMIRETHATTHEYWONTHEMATCH【疑难剖析4】后边不能直接跟THAT从句的动词有ALLOW,REFUSE,LET,LIKE,CAUSE,FORCE,ADMIRE,CONDEMN,CELEBRATE,DISLIKE,LOVE,HELP,TAKE,FORGIVE等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用THAT引导的宾语从句。【疑难5】HEIMPRESSEDTHEMANAGERASANHONESTMANHEIMPRESSEDTHEMANAGERTHATHEWASANHONESTMAN【疑难剖析5】有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语THAT从句”结构中，这类动词常见的有ENVY，ORDER，ACCUSE，REFUSE，IMPRESS，FORGIVE，BLAM精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/9E，DENOUNCE，ADVISE，CONGRATULATE等。【疑难6】我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。IDONTTHINKTHISDRESSFITSYOUWELL【疑难剖析6】否定的转移若主句谓语动词为THINK,CONSIDER,SUPPOSE,BELIEVE,EXPECT,FANCY,GUESS,IMAGINE等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。三、表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句为表语从句，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。【完成例句】根据句意填空8THEQUESTIONISWHETHERWECANMAKEGOODPREPARATIONINSUCHASHORTTIME9THISISWHYWECANTGETTHESUPPORTOFTHEPEOPLE10BUTTHEFACTREMAINSTHATWEAREBEHINDTHEOTHERCLASSES11THEREASONHEISLATEFORSCHOOLISTHATHEMISSEDTHEEARLYBUS【结论1】完整陈述句充当表语时用THAT引导，且不可省略；表“是否”含义时用WHETHER；语义不完整时根据情况选用对应的特殊疑问词，如精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/9WHAT，WHEN，WHERE，WHY等；两种特殊句型THEREASONISTHAT和ITISBECAUSE等结构。四、同位语从句在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句为同位语从句。【完成例句】根据句意选词填空12THEKINGSDECISIONTHATTHEPRISONERWOULDBESETFREESURPRISEDALLTHEPEOPLE13THEORDERTHATALLTHESOLDIERSSHOULDSTAYSTILLISGIVENBYTHEGENERAL【结论】同位语从句对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由THAT引导，可以接同位语从句的名词主要有FACT,INFORMATION,PROBLEM,DECISION,SUGGESTION,PROPOSAL,ORDER等。【疑难1】同位语在句子中的位置HEGOTTHENEWSFROMMARYTHANTHESPORTSMEETINGWASPUTOFF【疑难剖析1】同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。【疑难2】同位语从句与定语从句的区别THENEWSTHATHETOLDMEISTHATTOMWOULDGOABROADNEXTYEAR精品文档2016全新精品资