9b Staff appraisal.doc

学习重点1 Homework Review 2 The role of appraisals3 Reading - Staff appraisals - More trouble than theyre worth?4 Vocabulary consolidation on unit 9b 5 商务文章阅读赏析6 阅读考试第三部分7 听力考试介绍及第一部分总结8 HomeworkI. Homework Review1. Self-study exercises 3, 4 and 5 of Unit 9a.Ex. 31. diverse - diversity2. implement - implementation3. maintain - maintenance4. challenge - challenging5. option - optional6. recruit - recruitment7. secure - security 8. aware - awarenessEx. 41. according to2. take some time off3. participate in4. one advantage of5. cater for6. interest in7. have an effect on (effect n. -affect v.)8. in exchange for Ex. 52. PART ONEQuestions 1-7l Look at the sentences below and the advertisements for business courses on the opposite page.1. You need to have worked in an office before attending this course. A2.You would learn something about preventing accidents at work. D3.You would be able to sit an examination in typing. B4.This course is useful if your job involves greeting people and dealing with enquiries. D5.This course would suit someone with budgetary responsibility. C6.You would get practice in helping people in a group to communicate. A7.You would learn how to change the appearance of a letter or memo. B分析：此题是关于商务培训课程广告，指出参加此课程你许具备的条件或此课程的学习内容或要求。首先划出核心词语。ATuesday 13.00-15.00This course provides training in arranging meetings, conducting them effectively and making travel arrangements. The topics will include drawing up agendas, preparing for meeting, introducing speakers or participants, managing discussions successfully, （6）keeping to an agreed timetable, and writing follow-up reports. Previous experience of typing and general office work are essential for this course.（1）BMon, Thur, Fri 10.00-12.00This course is intended both for beginners and for those who have reached an elementary level in typewriting. You will have the opportunity to develop your skills on up-to-date electronic equipment, gaining experience of producing all kinds of typed material in a variety of modern layouts.（7） Students will be given ample opportunities for “hands on” experience of word-processing on the latest personal computers. Typewriting tests can be taken for widely recognized qualifications. （3）CMonday 9:0011.00This course is designed to provide students with experience of operating a set of accounts, comparable with those of a small family firm, and of dealing with the more general financial aspects of running a small business. Topics will include profit and loss, maintaining records efficiently ,cash payments, taxation, insurance and computerized accounting. （5）External examinations can be arranged.D Friday 11.00-13.00Participants on this course will develop their telephone skill and reception techniques in practical situations.（4） Other topics included in the course are dealing with correspondence, the latest developments in fax and photocopiers, and the advantages these new facilities offer. The course also covers health and safety, including recent important changes in safety regulations governing the workplace. （2）3. PART TWOQuestions 8-12l Read the text below about finding new customers.A successful businessman was once asked the secret of his success. He replied that the most important thing was to jump at every opportunity. “But how do you know when an opportunity comes along?” came the next question. He replied, “You dont. You just keep jumping.”This is a lesson for everyone in business trying to find new customers. The important thing is to make to most of the slightest opportunity that may come along. Concentrate on establishing an extensive network of possible new customers and make an extra effort for that initial contact. (example) G. But dont simply ask the receptionist. If you do, you will almost certainly be put through to a junior member of staff. What you should do is to ask the receptionist to put you through to the Managing Directors secretary. (8)D But once you have it, simply thank the secretary and hang up. In a couple of days call again and ask to speak to this top person. Say, “I was speaking to the Managing Directors secretary a couple of days ago about a business proposal, and they suggested that I spoke to you.” (9)AThis is when you should use the rule of “ten to”. The person you are going to see is very busy and will not want to waste any time. Its likely that they will think that your visit will take from the time you suggest to the next oclock. So, dont suggest youll be dropping in at two oclock or theyll imagine youll be staying until three. Instead say, “Im in your area next Tuesday. Could you spare me ten minutes, say at nine-fifty, or if its more convenient for you, at ten to five?” (10)F And thats it. Your ten-minute appointment with a new customer.After achieving your first success of the day, its time to plan the rest of your time. (11) B Try to get more appointments. If your first appointment is for nine-fifty, for example, see if you can arrange another one somewhere else at the end of the day, say at four-fifty, and then two more either side of lunch. (12) E You can build a whole weeks worth of potential business around this procedure.A Since the door has been opened it should be easy to get an appointment. B Dont just sit back thinking that this will do for now. C Make sure youre not late for that first appointment.D When you get through, say that you have a business proposal which could save the company money and ask for the name of the top person in the department.E This will give you plenty of time mid-morning and mid-afternoon to write up brief reports on the visits already completed and to prepare for the next ones.F This also has the advantage of making you sound busy, and they are almost bound to agree to such a request.G If you dont know who to speak to, find out by calling the company.分析： 首先把例句G划掉以免影响。仔细阅读题目的上下文，找出对应词句。4.MemorandumTo: All staffFrom: Alice Hu, Training ManagerDate: 22 September, 2003Subject: New Training ProgrammeOur new training programme will start from 8 October (Monday). As the organizer, I would like to have your suggestions on what training areas you might be interested in. Can you send me your suggestions at before 25 September?Report on performance of sports centre in 2001Introduction The aim of this report is to summarise the income, expenditure and average monthly visits to our sports centre in 2001.IncomeThe income in 2001 totalled 470,000. Three quarters of our income came from entrance fees (350,000). Then came to the membership fees (60,000), government grants (40,000) and other things (20,000).ExpenditureThe expenditure in 2001 totalled 400,000. We paid our staff 200,000, which accounted for half of our whole expenditure. In addition, a quarter of expenditure (100,000) was spent on the premises rent. The cost of equipment and other aspects were 50,000 respectively.Average monthly visitsThere was a noticeable rise of 3300 in average monthly visits to the gym compared with that of 2000, which resulted in the rise of the income from the entrance fees. In the same period, the number of visitors to the pool showed little change increasing slightly by 200 visitors. In contrast, there was a disappointing drop of 3000 in visits to the sports hall. ConclusionWe had a good cash surplus of 70,000 and 11 per cent increase overall in average monthly visits.II. Unit 9b- the role of appraisalsappraisal noun1 uncountable and countable a statement or opinion judging the worth, value, or condition of something评定； 鉴定appraisal ofIt needed a calmer appraisal of her situation. 需要对她所处境遇做出冷静的评价。a critical appraisal of the existing facilities 对现有设施的苛刻鉴定2 countable a meeting between a manager and a worker to discuss the quality of the workers work and how well they do their job 工作业绩评估appraise verb transitive1 formal to officially judge how successful, effective, or valuable something is 评价synonym evaluateGreenpeace has been invited to appraise the environmental costs of such an operation. 绿色和平组织被邀请参加评估这样的经营活动对环境产生的代价。The role of appraisalsExercise 3: Listening.CGFDBSpeaker onehand over phrasal verb1 hand something overto give something to someone with your hand, especially because they have asked for it or should have it用手递给The soldiers were ordered to hand over their guns. 上级命令士兵交出枪支。hand something over toHe handed the phone over to me. 他把电话递给我。2 to give someone power or responsibility over something which you used to be in charge of 移交权力、职责hand something over (to somebody)On his retirement, he handed the business over to his son. 在他退休的时候，他把生意交给他的儿子管理。Political control has been handed over to religious leaders. 政治权力移交给了宗教领导人。hand over toNow she feels the time has come to hand over to someone else. 先在她感觉到了移交权力的时候了。hire verb transitive1 British English to pay money to borrow something for a short period of time 租借American Equivalent: rent 美语同义词 The best way to explore the island is to hire a car. 在这个岛上探险的最佳途径就是租辆汽车。What does it cost to hire a boat for a week? 租一条船一周的时间要多少钱？ 2 a) to employ someone for a short time to do a particular job 短期雇佣Employers hire skilled people on fixed-term contracts. 老板签订固定期限的合同，雇佣有技术的员工。hire somebody to do somethingA City lawyer has been hired to handle the case. 他们雇佣了一位该城市的律师来处理这个案件。b) American English to employ someone 美语：雇佣Businesses may only hire foreign workers where an American cannot be found. 企业往往在没有美国人时候才找海外雇员。the power to hire and fire (=employ and dismiss people) 雇佣和解聘的权利 Speaker two tight adjectivecomparative tighter superlative tightestLITTLE MONEYif money is tight, you do not have enough of it 没有钱的money is tight/things are tight Money was tight and he needed a job badly. 他手头钱紧，急需找到工作。As you know, I run the magazine on a pretty tight budget. 正如你所了解到的，我用很紧张的经费经营着一份杂志。LITTLE TIMEif time is tight, it is difficult for you to do everything you need to do in the time available 时间紧迫Time is tight, and she has another meeting to go to this afternoon. 时间很紧，她下午还有另一个会议要参加。We should arrive on time, but itll be tight. 我们应该按时到达，但是时间很紧张。As usual, his schedule on Saturday was tight (=he had arranged to do several things in a short time). 跟往常一样，他周六的日程安排很紧张。Im working to a very tight deadline (=I have to finish a piece of work very quickly). 我现在正在紧张地完成这份工作。Speaker threeinternal adjective usually before noun1 within a particular country 国家内部的同义词 domestic反义词 externalWe have no interest in interfering in the internal affairs of other countries.我们没有兴趣干预其他国家的内部事务。the threat to internal security 对国内安全的威胁 internal markets 国内市场2 within a company or organization rather than outside it 公司内部的反义词 externalTheres to be an internal inquiry into the whole affair. 公司内部将对整个事件进行调查。the internal mail内部邮件3 inside your body 身体内部的反义词 externalinternal organs/injuries 内部器官/内伤internal doubtsinternally adverb The matter will be dealt with internally. 这件事将在内部进行处理。This medicine must not be taken internally. 这种药不能内服。vacancy nounplural vacancies1 countable a job that is available for someone to start doing 空缺There are still two vacancies on the school board. 学校董事会还有两个空缺。vacancy forWe have no vacancies for photographers at the moment. 我们现在没有摄影师的空缺职位。The council is making every effort to fill the vacancies. 该委员会尽一切努力找到这些空缺职位的合适人选。information about job vacancies 有关工作空缺岗位的消息2 countable a room in a hotel or building that is not being used and is available for someone to stay in 空房Let me see if we have a vacancy for tonight. 让我看看我们今晚又没有空房。 No vacancies , the sign read. “没有空房，”告示牌上写着。Speaker four start off phrasal verb1 to begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way 开始start something off with something/by doing somethingThe theater company started off their new season with a Shakespeare play. 该剧院以莎士比亚戏剧作为他们新演出季的开始。start off with something/by doing somethingstuff uncountableTHINGSinformal used when you are talking about things such as substances, materials, or groups of objects when you do not know what they are called, or it is not important to say exactly what they are 物质Ive got some sticky stuff on my shoe. 我鞋上粘着粘的东西。I felt sorry for the ones who had to eat the awful stuff. 我为那些要吃下这些恶心食物的人感到抱歉。Wheres all the camping stuff? 宿营用品在哪呢？ACTIVITIES/IDEASinformal used when talking about different activities, subjects, or ideas, when you do not say exactly what these are 活动，话题，想法What kind of stuff do you like to read? 你想读什么题材的文章？Ive got so much stuff to do this weekend. 我这个周末有很多活动。Theres a lot of interesting stuff in this book. 这本书中有很多有意思的观点。He does mountain biking and skiing and stuff like that. 他从事骑自行车上山和滑雪的运动，当然还有类似的运动。WORK/ARTinformal used when you are talking about what someone has done or made, for example writing, music, or art 音乐、文学作品I dont like his stuff. 我不喜欢他的作品。John Lee was getting ready to play his stuff. 约翰李做好了演奏他作品的准备。speaker five ignore verb transitive1 to deliberately pay no attention to something that you have been told or that you know about 忽视You cant ignore the fact that many criminals never go to prison. 你不能忽略掉这个事实，即许多罪犯都没有蹲监狱。problems which we cant afford to ignore 绝对不能忽略的问题2 to behave as if you had not heard or seen someone or something 不理睬The phone rang, but she ignored it. 电话响着，但是对此置之不理。Sam rudely ignored the question. 三姆粗暴地对此问题置之不理。completely/totally ignore somebody/something He had completely ignored her remark, preferring his own theory. 他对她的话完全不理不睬，只想着自己的理论。Exercise 4: Speaking.Before: Explain the reasons for the appraisal and both roles.Both parties prepare in advance, using the same appraisal form.Set clear objectives.Make a fixed appointment for the appraisal (time and length).Make sure you will not be disturned.During:Avoid direct criticism.Listen carefully to each other and take notes.Concentrate on setting realistic objectives.Stick to an agenda.After:Write up a record of the appraisal and give it to the appraisee to check agreement.Support the appraisee in achieving any objectives set, e.g. by providing resources.Use the appraisal as the basis of the following years appraisal.III. Monitoring performanceReading: Staff appraisal more trouble than theyre worth?Para. 1reverse verbOPPOSITEtransitive to change something, such as a decision, judgment, or process so that it is the opposite of what it was before （对决定、判断、过程）做出相反的变化reverse a decision/verdict/policy etc 将决定/判决/政策做出相反的变化The decision was reversed on appeal. 申诉后改变了原来的判决。reverse a trend/process/decline etc More changes are required to reverse the trend towards centralised power. 现在需要许多变革改变重要集权的趋势。CARintransitive and transitive especially British English if a vehicle or its driver reverses, they go backwards 倒车American Equivalent: back upreverse out of/into etcBob reversed into a parking space. 鲍勃将车倒进车位。reverse something into/out of somethingI reversed the car into a side road. 我把车倒进辅路。CHANGE POSITION/PURPOSEtransitive to change around the usual order of the parts of something, or the usual things two people do 交换reverse roles/positions 交换角色/职位TURN SOMETHING OVERtransitive to turn something over or around, in order to show the back of it 翻过来Reverse the paper in the printer. 把打印机上的纸翻过来。association noun1 countable an organization that consists of a group of people who have the same aims, do the same kind of work etc 协会2 uncountable and countable a relationship with a particular person, organization, group etc 联系association withhis close association with the Green Party 他与绿党之间的密切联系3 in association with somebody/somethingmade or done with another person, organization etc 与 一同concerts sponsored by the Arts Council in association with local businesses艺术委员会与当地企业共同赞助的音乐会4 countable a connection or relationship between two events, ideas, situations etcassociation between 联系the strong association between the disease and middle-aged women 中年妇女与疾病率之间的关联性pinpoint verb transitive1 to discover or explain exactly the real facts about something or the cause of a problem 明确发现、解释Its difficult to pinpoint the cause of the accident. 很难清楚地找到事故发生的原因。pinpoint what/how/why etcThey need to pinpoint exactly what skills are necessary. 他们需要明确指出需要什么的技能。2 to find or show the exact position of something 准确定位Rescue teams have now pinpointed the location of the ship. 救援部队现在找到了船只出事时的准确位置。underlying adjectiveunderlying cause/principle/problem etcthe cause, idea etc that is the most important, although it is not easily noticed 重要的原因，重要的想法the underlying causes of her depression 他精神抑郁的重要原因There is an underlying assumption that younger workers are easier to train. 年轻人易被培训是一条重要的观点。Para. 2fallBELONG TO A GROUPintransitive always + preposition to belong to or be part of a particular group, area of responsibility, range of things, or type of things 属于，是的一部分fall intoMany illnesses fall into the category of stress-related illnesses. 许多病都属于由压力产生的疾病领域。Leaders fall into two categories. 有两类领导人。tackle verb1 transitive to try to deal with a difficult problem 处理，解决There is more than one way to tackle the problem. 解决这个问题不止一种方法。It took twelve fire engines to tackle the blaze. 为了灭火来了十二辆消防车。2 transitive British English to talk to someone in order to deal with a difficult problem 与某人交谈解决难题tackle somebody abou