黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点 形容词和副词 外研版

1 黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点知识点 形容词和副词形容词和副词 外研版外研版 形容词用来修饰 说明名词或不定代词 表示人或物的性质 特征和状态 而副词是 用来修饰动词 形容词 其他副词或整个句子 有时也能修饰名词 表示时间 地点 方 式 程度等 高考重点要求 1 形容词 副词比较级 最高级常用句型 2 形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置 3 多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序 4 分清常用同义 近义形容词 副词在表达中的语义差别 第一节 知识点概述 一一 形形容容 词词 一 一 形容词在句子中的作用形容词在句子中的作用 二 二 形容词在句子中的位置形容词在句子中的位置 1 形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前 两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时 形容 词排列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况 1 与被修饰名词关系比较密切的形容词位置靠近名词 如 an exciting American film 2 音节少的形容词位置在前 音节多的形容位置在后 2 在下列情况下 形容词应后置 1 修饰复合不定代词 something anything nothing 等 如 anything important nothing easy 2 同表示数量的词组连用 如 twenty feet long five years old 3 几个形容词修饰一名词时 一般顺序为大小 little 除外 形状 色彩 由来 2 用途 如 a fine round maple 枫木 writing table a famous old English country house 二二 副副 词词 一 一 副词在句子中的作用副词在句子中的作用 副词在句子中主要用作状语 许多副词皆由形容词加 ly 构成 如 careful carefully 副词主要被分为以下几种 1 时间副词 如 often early usually now 2 地点副词 如 here above outside below there 3 方式副词 如 hard fast badly well 4 程度副词 如 very quite much still even almost 5 疑问副词 如 how when why 二 二 副词在句子中的位置副词在句子中的位置 1 时间副词和地点副词的位置 表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词 一般放在句尾 如句中同时有地点副词和时 间副词 地点副词通常在前 时间副词在后 2 修饰形容词和副词的程度副词 除 enough 后置外 一般放在被修饰词的前面 副 词在此作状语 如 be well enough go fast enough 3 修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种 1 修饰不及物动词时 该副词要后置 如 sing well 2 修饰及物动词时 可放在被修饰词之前或宾语之后 如宾语较长也可放在动词和 宾语之间 如 study English hard see clearly the words on the blackboard 3 及物动词和副词 如 down on off in out up 等 组成的动词词组 其宾 语是名词 该名词可放在副词之前或之后 如是代词 该代词一定要放在副词前 He cut down the tree He cut the tree down He cut it down 形容词原级 比较级和最高级的用法 两者比较情况一样 常用 as 形容词原级 as 句型 He is as tall as his monitor 两者比较 表示一方在某方面不如另一方 常用 not so as 形容词原级 as 句型 A train doesn t travel so fast as a plane 三者或三者以上比较 表示某人某物 最 时 用 the 形容词最高级 比较范围 句型 Asia is by far the largest of the seven continents She writes the most carefully of the three 3 比较级 and 比较级 越来越 It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn She is becoming more and more active in taking part in social activities the 比较级 the 比较级 越 越 The harder he studies the greater progress he will make 第二节 实战演练 一一 复复习习时时 需需 注注意意的的 要要点点 1 形容词一般按限定词 一般性描绘 大小 长短和高低 形状 年龄和新旧 颜色 国籍 地区和出处 物质和材料 用途和类别这一顺序来修饰名词的 2 在名词前出现几个形容词作定语时 常常涉及词的排列顺序问题 例如 a fat old lady 不能说成 an old fat lady a small black leather handbag 不能说成 a leather black small handbag 等 3 形容词的词序问题比较复杂 前置形容词的排列顺序由它们和被修饰名词之间的关 系决定 关系密切的靠近被修饰词 关系较远的离之稍远 4 在 as 形容词 副词 as 的结构前可加上 nearly almost just quietly half exactly 及倍数表示比较的程度 例如 My income is half as high as my father 5 最高级前可用 nearly almost about next by far by no means 或序 数词进行修饰 例如 Of the three boys Mike is by no means the most diligent 6 比较级的其他用法 1 比较级 and 比较级 越来越 例如 It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn 2 the more the more 越 越 例如 The more fruit you eat the healthier you will be 3 no more than 只不过 仅仅 后面接名词或数词 起形容词作用 例如 What he is saying is no more than a joke 他所讲的只不过是个玩笑而已 4 no more than 和 同样不 例如 He can no more play the piano than I can play basketball 他不会弹钢琴 和我同样不 会打篮球一样 5 no less than 多达 竟有 之多 不下于 例如 There were no less than two thousand people at the match 这场比赛不下 于两千人到场观看 6 no less than 和 一样 不逊于 例如 Our monitor is no less diligent than he used to be 我们的班长和以前一 样勤奋 二二 历历 届届 高高 考考 试试 题题 分分 析析 例 1 At a rough estimate Nigeria is Great Britain A three times the size as B the size three times of C three times as the size ofD three times the size of 4 答案为 D 解析 检查考生对反意疑问句 附加疑问句 的掌握和运用能力 A 是 B 的三倍通常 可使用以下几种形式 1 A is three times as adj 原级 as B 2 A is twice adj 比较级 than B 3 The n of A is three times that of B 4 A is three times the n of B 例 2 Many students signed up for the race in the sports meeting to be held next week A 800 metre long B 800 metres long C 800 metre length D 800 metres length 答案为 A 解析 长 宽 高及年龄等作定语修饰名词时位置可在前也可在后 在前边时要注 意加连字符 其中单位名词用单数 其形式为 数字 单位名称单数 长 宽 高 等 如放在后边 不用连字符 数词大于 1 要用复数 从题干看 800 米远的比赛应为 800 meter long 例 3 At times worrying is a normal response to a difficult event or situation a loved one being injured in an accident for example A effective B individualC inevitable D unfavorable 答案 C 解析 effective 有效的 individual 个人的 inevitable 不可避免的 unfavorable 不利的 例 4 You re standing too near the camera Can you move A a bit far B a little farther C a bit of farther D a little far 答案为 B 解析 too near 的意思是 太近了 说话人的意图是让对方站在比这远一点 所 以要用副词的比较级 这句话的意思是 你站得太靠近镜头了 你能离远一点吗 a bit of 后接名词 例 5 In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go A our holiday will be better B our holiday will be the better C the better our holiday will be D the better will our holiday be 答案为 C 解析 the more the more 的意思是 越 越 由于选项 A B 和 D 的词序都不对 所以不能作为答案 这句话的意思是 近年来 旅游公司成功地向我们 推销了这样一个观点 我们走得越远 我们的假期过得越好 例 6 It is generally believed that teaching is it is a science A an art much as B much an art as 5 C as an art much as D as much an art as 答案为 D 解析 在 as so as 结构中 第一个 as so 是副词 后接形容词 第二个 as 是连 接词 后接句子 其正确语序为 as much an art as 这句话的意思是 人们普遍相信 教学像科学一样是一门艺术 例 7 Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910 A more than twice B as twice as many C twice as many as D more than twice as many 答案为 D 解析 不论哪种形式的比较级其修饰词均应放在前面 more than twice 表示数量 放在 as as 结构前的意思是 是 的两倍多 译文 美国人现在每人所吃的蔬菜是 1910 年的两倍多 例 8 I was riding along the street and all of a sudden a car cut in and knocked me down You can never be careful in the street A much B very C so D too 答案为 D 解析 否定词 not no never too enough 结构表示 再怎么 也不过分 或 越 越好 这句话的意思是 在街上 骑自行车 你越小心越好 例 9 Broadly speaking I would agree with Shirley though not A widely B thoroughly C entirely D extensively 答案为 C 解析 本题考察副词辨义 widely 广泛地 很大程度上 thoroughly 彻底地 entirely 完全地 extensively 大量地 广阔地 巨大地 根据句意 说话人并非完全 同意她的意见 not entirely 不完全地 恰如其分地表达了这一意思 例 10 You don t look very Are you ill No I m just a bit tired A good B well C strong D healthy 答案为 B 解析 从题意看 look 在这里是系词 看上去 看起来 后应加形容词 四个选项的 词性均符合 但 good 是指人品好坏或东西好坏 strong 则表示结实 强壮 与题意不 符 healthy 健康的 健壮的 well 可作形容词和副词 作形容词时表示 健康的 气色好 用于修饰人 第三节 巩固练习 Direction Direction Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A B C and D Choose the best answer that completes the sentence 1 If we had followed his plan we could have done the job better with money and people A less less B fewer fewer C less fewer D fewer less 6 2 Can I help you Well I m afraid the box is heavy for you but thank you all the same A so B much C very D too 3 Excuse me is this Mr Brown s office I m sorry but Mr Brown works here He left about three weeks ago A not now B no more C not still D no longer 4 The piano in the other shop will be but A cheaper not as better B more cheap not as better C cheaper not as good D more cheap not as good 5 I went to the railway station to see my friend off A After eating quickly my dinner B After my quickly eating dinner C After eating my dinner quickly D After eating my quickly dinner 6 Mrs smith warned her daughter after drinking A never to drive B to never drive C never driving D never drive 7 How did you think of visit to the museum I thoroughly enjoyed it It was than I expected A far more interesting B even much interesting C so more interesting D a lot much interesting 8 Those oranges taste A good B well C to be good D to be well 9 Canada is larger than country in Asia A any B any other C other D another 10 The experiment was easier than we had expected A more B much more C much D more much 11 Which is country Canada or Australia A a large B larger C a larger D the larger 12 Will you give this message to Mr White please Sorry I can t He A doesn t any more work here B doesn t any longer here work C doesn t work any more here D doesn t work here any longer 13 John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes A open B to be opened C to open D opening 14 My elder brother is a singer I am A no other than B no more than C not other than D not more than 15 Sunlight is necessary fresh air to a healthy body A not less than B no less than C no more than D not more than 16 She doesn t speak her friend but her written work is excellent A as well as B so often as C so much as D as good as 7 17 It takes a long time to go there by train it s by road A quick B the quickest C much quick D quicker 18 Mum I think I m to get back to school Not really My dear You d better stay at home for another day or two A so well B so good C well enough D good enough 19 If you don t like the red coat take the blue one OK but do you have size in blue This one s a bit tight for me A a big B a bigger C the big D the bigger 20 John plays football if not better than David A as well B as well as C so well D so well as 21 If there were no examinations we should have at school A the happiest time B a more happier time C much happiest time D a much happier time 22 We all write even when there s not much to say A now and then B by and by C step by step D more or less 23 Do you remember he came Yes I do he came by car A how B when C then D if 24 Can you believe that in a rich country there should be many poor people A such such B such so C so so D so such 25 How was your recent visit to Qingdao It was great We visited some friends and spent the days at the seaside A few fast sunny B last few sunny C last sunny few D few sunny last 26 If we work with a strong will we can overcome any difficulty great it is A what B how C however D whatever 27 How beautifully she sings I have never heard A the better voice B a good voice C the best voice D a better voice 28 We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining A badly B hardly C strongly D heavily 29 Wait till you are more It s better to be sure than sorry A inspired B satisfied C clam D certain 30 If I had I d visit Europe stopping at all the small interesting stories A a long enough holiday B an enough long holiday C a holiday enough long D a long holiday enough 31 Professor White has written some short stories but he is known for his plays A the best B more C better D the most 8 32 to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills A Brave enough students B Enough brave students C Students brave enough D Students enough brave 33 It s always difficult being in a foreign country if you don t speak the language A extremely B naturally C basically D especially 34 Many people have helped with canned food however the food bank needs for the poor A more B much C many D most 35 I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a an trick A ordinary B easy C smart D simple 36 As we joined the big crowd I got from my friends A separated B spared C lost D missed 37 It wasn t his appearance I liked his personality A so much as B no less than C so much as D no more than 38 It s believed that you work result you ll get A the harder the better B the more hard the more better C the harder a better D more hard more better 39 Of the two shirts I d like to choose one A the less expensive B the most expensive C less expensive D more expensive 40 We don t care if a hunting dog smells but we really don t want him to smell A well well B bad bad C well badly D badly bad 41 It was late to catch a bus after the party so we called a taxi A too very B much too C too much D far 42 If the manager had to choose between