【word精编解析】2013年高考英语试卷解析(天津卷).doc

.2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试【天津卷】英 语本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷降答题卡一并交回。第I卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1. -Im going to Venice next week.-_. Carnival will be held then. Have fun!A. Youre crazy B. Youre lucky C. Youd better not D. You never know4、 B。本题考查交际用语。B. You are lucky，你真是太幸运了，根据后面的陈述狂欢节届时将举行，玩得开心点。可知是对他的羡慕，所以符合语境；【句意】我打算下周去威尼斯。 你真是太幸运了，届时狂欢节将在那里举行，祝你玩得愉快！2. If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to a hand.A. lendB. shakeC. waveD. want2.A。本题考查动词的词义辨析。本题中一个lend a hand，伸出援助之手，帮某人忙，符合句意；shake意为“摇晃，晃动”，握手通常是shake hands with sb.，一般不用shake a hand，wave意为“摆动，挥舞”；而want意为“需要”，want a hand需要人手。【句意】如果你有麻烦，马克总是乐于伸出援助之手。3. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of- there are _ meaningful things to do. A. less B. more C. the least D. the most3.B。本题考查副词及其短语的用法。B. more. “较多地”修饰形容词meaningful；此句是一个比较句型，后面相当于省略了than watching TV这一活动；C. the least.“最少”D. the most.“最多”。【句意】我认为每天晚上看电视是一种浪费时间的行为，还有很多比这更有意义的事情可做。4. Marys been offered a job in a university but she doesnt want to take it.- _? Its a very good chance. A. Guess what B. So whatC. Who cart D. But why5. D。本题考查交际用语。A项Guess what？“猜猜是什么”，与上面的描述不吻合；B项So what？“那有怎么样？”；C项Who cares“谁在乎呀？；D项But why？“但是为什么”，是对她的行为的不理解，不应该放弃这么好的机会，符合句意。【句意】玛丽得到了大学里的一份工作，但是他不想接受。 但是为什么？这是一份非常好的机会。5. _ small, the company has about 1.000 buyers in over 30 countries.A. AsB. IfC. AlthoughD. Oncc5. C。本题考查连词的用法。although做连词意为“尽管，虽然”，符合前后的让步的逻辑关系；实际上，本句省略了主语和系动词it is。【句意】尽管这家公司很小，但是它在30多个国家拥有1000多个客户。6. We have launched another nun-made satellite. _ is announced in todays newspaper.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what6.B。本题考查非限制性定语从句。本句中which指代的就是前面整句话的内容，即我们又发射了一颗人造卫星这件事，可翻译成“这一点”。【句意】我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这一事件在今天的新闻中得到了报道。7. While she was in Paris, she developed a _ for fine art.A. wayB. relationC. tasteD. habit7.C。本题考查名词的词义辨析。A项way意为“方式、方法”；B项relation意为“关系，联系”；C项taste意为“品位，鉴赏”，符合句意；而D项意为“习惯”。【句意】当她在巴黎时，培养了自己鉴赏精美艺术品的品位。8. I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to _.A. get awayB. drop inC. check outD. hold on8.A。本题考查动词短语。A get away意为“离开；逃掉；抽身”；B drop in意为“顺便拜访”；C check out意为“退房结帐；检验；通过考核”；D项hold out意为“伸出；拿出；呈现；抵抗”。【句意】我今年原打算度假的，但是我实在抽不出身来。9. No one _ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.A. couldB. mustC. dareD. need9.A。本题考查情态动词。A项could表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中，而且本句中还包含了否定词+比较级表达最高级的一种用法，表示他是最大方慷慨的；B项must表示必须、必要或说话人的主观看法；C项dare用于否定句中表示敢于。D项need用于疑问句、否定句中表示有必要，需要。【句意】没有人比他更慷慨大方了，他有一颗金子般的心。10. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversations.A. using B. to useC. having used D. used10.D。本题考查非谓语动词。本句中的used为动词的过去分词短语做后置定语修饰words，非谓语动词use和其逻辑主语words之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系所以用过去分词。【句意】在一些语言中，100个词汇就涵盖了我们日常对话交际用语中所有词汇的一半。11. It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.A. that B. whereC. whyD. when11.A。本题考查强调句型。强调句的基本机构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分，本句中强调的是时间状语从句所以用that。本题个别考生易误解成定语从句。【句意】直到在这封信的末尾他才提到自己的计划。12. At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine.A. themB. theseC. thoseD. ones12.C。本题考查代词的运用。在含有比较句型的句子中代词的选择时，如果比较对象是单数可数名词和不可数名词名词，用that，如果是复数可数名词用those，本题中的比较对象是我们工厂的一些机器和杂志中描述的那些机器的对比，所以，只能选择those。【句意】在我们工厂有一些机器和这本杂志中所描述的那些机器很相似。13. The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _ one of themain pipes.A. had repaired B. have repaired C. repairedD. are repairing13. D。本题考查动词的时态运用。had repaired为过去完成时，强调的是“过去的过去”；have repaired为现在完成时，强调对现在造成的结果或影响；repaired为一般过去时，强调过去的某一时间发生的动作；are repairing为现在进行时，强调现在正在发生或进行的动作，符合句意，正在维修一条主管道成为了临时停水的原因。【句意】水资源供应被临时切断是因为工人们正在维修一条主管道。14. If he had spent more time practicing English before, he _ able to speak it much better nowA. will beB. would be C has been D. would have been 14.B。本题考查虚拟语气。本句是一个错综时间虚拟句。从句是对过去事实的虚拟，谓语用had done，而主句则是对现在（now）事实的一种假设，所以用would do，所以B项符合句意。【句意】要是以前他能多花些时间练习口语，现在就能够说得更流利了。15. _ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. ThatB. WhichC. Whether D. What15.D。本题考查名词性从句。本题是属于名词性从句中的主语从句what I want to tell you，其中what在从句中做动词tell的直接宾语。【句意】我想告诉你的是我对我父母的深沉的爱和尊敬。第二节 完形填空 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）As I held my fathers hands one night, I couldnt help but notice their calluses(老茧) and roughness. His hinds tell the story of his life as a 16 . including all his struggles.One summer. I remember, a drought（旱灾）hit Ontario, turning it into a 17 desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet com with my dad to fill the last 18 from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 19 took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didnt 20 quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we 21 needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and 22 . Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves! Dad 23 . Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then were 24 .” such is Dadwhether problem he 25 , he never gives up. 16 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country. It was a challenging time for everyone, 27 Dad remained optimistic. He 28 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates. Only then did I truly begin to 29 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.Dad is also a living example of real 30 . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to 31 our family. He always puts our happiness 32 his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 33 his exhaustion after long days. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 34 , putting others first.Dad, the life 35 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.16. A. teacherB. gardenerC. farmerD. grocer17. A. stormyB. livelyC. disappearingD. burning18. A. orderB. formC. gapD. position19. A. repeatedlyB. normallyC. finallyD. really20. A. goB. beginC. occurD. change21. A. yetB. stillC. evenD. nearly22. A. surprisedB. nervousC. angryD. frightened23. A. apologizedB. criedC. complainedD. laughed24. A. lostB. doneC. goneD. touched25. A. meets withB. brings upC. works outD. thinks about26. A. ThankfullyB. HopefullyC. UnfortunatelyD. Strangely27. A. orB. forC.soD. but28. A. happened B. seemedC. continuedD,aimed29. A. faceB. appreciateC. examineD. question30. A. loveB. prideC. friendshipD. honesty31. A. supportB. settleC. startD. impress32. A. afterB. beforeC. besideD. under33. A. in spite ofB. in terms ofC. in control ofD. in place of34. A. carefulB. regretfulC. considerateD. humorous35. A. historyB. mottoC. patternsD. lessons 定文体抓主旨：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者包含感情地描述了记忆中跟爸爸在一起度过的时光，爸爸对待生活的乐观态度，对待子女的无私的奉献和爱跃然纸上，让作者，让读者感慨无限。本篇难度：中等。篇章结构：段落关键词大意推测第一部分（para.1）fathers hands; calluses and roughness; the story of his life 父亲的手满是老茧很粗糙；农民的一生，辛苦奋斗的一生第二部分（para.2-4）picking sweet corn; frustrated; laughed; never gives up; optimistic; through the hard times; real love在田里摘玉米，很泄气；父亲笑，不言放弃；乐观向上；带领我们走过艰难岁月；对家人无私的奉献和爱第三部分（para.5）life lessons; father, teacher, friend and hero从父亲那里学到的很多，将伴随自己一生；是父亲，是老师，是朋友，更是自己心目中的英雄。16C。前面的句子提到父亲的手上满是老茧很粗糙，推测他的职业是农民最合适，更重要的是，下文中说到了父子在田里摘棉花，更加印证了是农民的判断。四个选项的意思分别是老师，园丁，农民，杂货商。17D。根据句意，既然发生了严旱灾，那么用burning来修饰desert最合适不过了。A，B，C三个选项的意思分别是暴风雨的，生动的，消失的，均与句意不符，排除。18A。fill an order是一个固定短语，意思是“交付订货”，此句的意思是，我跟父亲正在田里摘玉米，以便交付杂货店定的货。19B。此题需要结合后面一句话去做，后一句的意思是“然而这一次，这个过程进展不快”，说明前面的二十分钟是“通常情况”下所需要的时间，因此应该用副词normally。20A。事情进展如何，常用动词go，而不用begin, occur, change。21B。平时只需要二十分钟，可是这次，四十分钟过后，还没结束，“仍然”还需要二十分钟。其他三个选项均不能表达此意。22C。由于这次摘玉米用的时间太长，太辛苦，所以“我”很泄气也很“生气”，这个可以结合后面“我”说的话来推断出来：重重的摔篮子，然后说“如果杂货店还要那他们可以自己摘玉米”，这些都可以印证“我”很生气，而不是A吃惊，B紧张，D害怕，23D。看到“我”生气的样子，爸爸“笑”着安慰我。24B。本句意思是：我们每人“仅仅”需要摘十打，然后我们就结束了。be done是固定用法，意思是“结束，做完了”。25A。本句意思是：无论他“遇到”什么难题，他都不会放弃。四个选项的意思分别是：遇到，抚养，解出（难题），考虑，只有选项A符合句意。26C。本句的意思是：这次干旱的灾难性影响在全国都能感受得到。这是坏事，所以应该用unfortunately. 其他三个选项的意思分别是：谢天谢地；满怀希望地；很奇怪，均与句意不符。27D。句子的前半部分说旱灾对于每个人都是一种挑战，后半部分说父亲保持乐观，两者之间显然是一种转折关系，应该用连词but。28B。四个选项后面加上to be之后的意思分别是：碰巧是；似乎是；继续是；目的是，只有选项B合乎句意。29B。句子意思是：就是在那时，我才开始“感激”父亲以及他引导我们走过艰难岁月的信念。四个选项的意思分别是：面对 感激 检查 质问，只有选项B符合句意。30A。这句话是本段落的主题句，从下文可以看出，“父亲”对于家庭无私的风险已经对子女无私的爱，所以选择love是最合适的。其它三个选项的意思分别是：自豪，友谊，诚实，均不符合句意。31A。句子的意思是：父亲每天工作很长时间来“养家”，所以应该选择support。其他三个选项的意思分别是：安置，开始，使有印象，均不符合句意。32B。句意为：他总是把我们的幸福放在他自己的“前面”，而且。33A。长时间工作之后，“尽管”很累，也从不忘记在我参加比赛的时候为我打气加油。“累”和“给我打气加油”之间是转折关系，所以应该用in spite of。其它三个选项的意思分别是：在的条件下，在的控制下，取代，均不合句意。34C。句子的意思是：他的爱和无私激励着我更加富有同情心和“更体谅人”，把别人放在前面考虑。解题关键是“putting others first”，这其实就是对considerate的解释。35D。句中的I have learned from you 是一个定语从句，空处就是它所修饰先行词，从句中的谓语动词learned缺少宾语，空处就是它的宾语，这样就是learn from you，从四个选项中找一个词填到这个省略号中做宾语，lessons是最合适的，意思是“我从你那里学习到的生活上的一些经验教训”。其它三个选项的意思分别是：历史，箴言，模式，放到句中均不符合句意。第二部分 阅读理解第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分）AGuide to Stockholm University LibraryOar library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.ZonesThe library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.ComputersYou can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.Group-study PlacesIf you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms arc marked on the library maps. There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and . valid University card You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.Storage of Study MaterialThe library has lockers for students to store course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a years rental period.Roles to be followed Mobile phone conventions are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.36. The librarys upper floor is mainly for students toA. read in a quiet placeB. have group discussionsC. take comfortable scatsD. get their computers fixed37. Library computers on the ground floorA. help students with their field experimentsB. contain software essential for schoolworkC. arc for those who want to access the wi-fiD. arc mostly used for filling out application forms38. What condition should be met to book a group-study room?A. A group must consist of 8 people.B. Three-hour use per day is the minimumC. One should first register at the university.D. Applicants must mark the room on the map.39. A student can rent a locker in the library if heA. can afford the rental feeB. attends certain coursesC. has nowhere to put his booksD. has earned the required credits40. What should NOT be brought into the library-?A. Mobile phones.B. Orange juice.C. Candy.D. Sandwiches.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，题材是介绍某一公共场所-图书馆。本文主要介绍了图书馆的不同功能区域、电脑使用以及馆内的制度等。段落关键词、句大意推测第一部分（Para. 1）studying places; studying environment总述：图书馆是一个学习的好地方第二部分（Para. 2-6）Zones; computers; group-study places; storage of studying materials; rules 分述：图书馆的功能区域、电脑使用、小组学习区、储存区以及图书馆的相关规定等【解析】36. A。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词upper floor快速定位第二段。根据the upper floor is a quite zone for silent reading。故A项为正确答案。37. B。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词on the ground floor定位第三段的you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office。根据常识可以推断Microsoft Office是一种software。干扰项排除：考生易选D项，根据选项中的和原文都出现的application一词来判断。实际上原文的application一词是“应用”，而选项D中的application forms 则是“申请表”的意思。38. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词book a group-study room快速定位第三个黑体标题中的“to book, you need an active University account可推断答案C是正确的。register是 “登记，注册”。干扰项排除：考生在查找定位比对选项的时候一定要仔细。A项的8个人的说法是以偏概全，原文说了不同的组队有不同房间。B项正好与原文相反是每天至多3小时；D项与原文相比多了“applicant”一词。39. D。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词rent a locker快速定位第四个黑标题下面的中文注释“学分”一词与D选项的the required credits符合，可推断答案D是正确的。40. D。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据最后一个rules to be followed标题下面的please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library，而sandwiches是一种食物可知D选项正确。【难句学习】1. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk.翻译：一楼是你可以交谈的区域。分析：本句的主干是the ground floor is the zone。where引导定语从句修饰the zone，where在从句中作地点状语。2. You can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office.翻译：你也可以使用图书馆的电脑，图书馆的电脑里有最常用的应用程序，比如微软的办公软件。分析：本句的主干是you can also use library computers。which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。3. If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor.翻译：如果你想自由的交谈且不妨碍别人，你可以预定一个学习室或者坐到一楼的桌旁。分析：本句的主干是you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor。if引导的是一个条件状语从句。without disturbing others是伴随状语。4. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.翻译：请保持你的手机处于无声状态就像你是在参加一个讲座那样，如果你需要接电话请走出图书馆。分析：本句是由两个祈使句keep your phone on silent，exit the library构成的由and连接的并列句。其中as if you were in a lecture 一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。if you need to receive calls引导的是一个条件状语从句。BUs, nights meteor (流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothschild. Emerald Valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.My family was so frustrated. admitted town resident Daune Cosby.” We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”Astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decade, They say that light pollution prevents from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consist of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的) birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”Countless more animal casualties(伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful to humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years. Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.41. It happened last night that _.A. the citys lights affected the meteor watchingB. the meteors flew past before being noticedC. the city light show attracted many peopleD. the meteor watching ended up a social outing42. What do the astronomers complain about?A. Meteor showers occur less often than before.B. Their observation equipment is in poor repair.C. Light pollution has remained unsolved for years.D. Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting43. What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4?A. Birds may take other migration paths.B. Animals living habits may change suddenly.C. Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced.D. Animals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.44. Lighting regulations in Flagstaff. Arizona are put into effect toA. lessen the chance of getting cancerB. create an ideal observation conditionC. ensure citizens a good sleep at nightD. enable all creatures to live in harmony45. What message does the author most want to give us?A. Saving wildlife is saving ourselves.B. Great efforts should be made to save energy.C. Human activities should be environmentally friendly.D. New equipment should be introduced for space study.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，题材是灯光污染与环境保护。本文主要介绍了灯光污染给天文学家、人类、其它生物所带来的不良影响。以及人们为解决此问题所采取的措施等。段落关键词、句大意推测第一部分（Para. 1-3）Dissatisfied, darkened the light; frustrated, Complained. for decades; fight against导入：通过观看流星不成功的原因导入本文的主题灯光污染给天文学家带来的影响。第二部分（Para. 4-5）Suffers even more; severely affects migrating; die in crashes 灯光污染给其它生物带来的影响。第三部分（Para. 6）aware of the negative effects; assist astronomers; similar efforts人们为解决此问题所采取的一些措施。【解析】41. A。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词last night快速定位第一段。根据第一段最后一句可知“城市的夜空被灯点缀的是如此明亮以至于暗淡了头上飞过的流星的光亮，因此影响了人们观星”。所以可以推出A是正确选项。42. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词astronomers快速定位第三段。根据they say that light pollution preven