自考词汇第五章练习题

1 第五章自测试题第五章自测试题 I Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement 1 A word is the combination of and A sound spelling B spelling meaning C form meaning D sound meaning 2 Words are but symbols many of which have meaning only when they have acquired A concept B sense C motivation D reference 3 By form we mean A its spelling B its pronunciation C both its pronunciation and spelling D its symbols 4 Reference is the relationship between language and A the motivation B the concept C the world D sense 5 A word has meaning only when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a A reference B referent C concept D motivation 6 Of the four types of motivation motivation is the most productive A etymological B morphological C semantic D onomatopoeic 7 meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships A Lexical B Conceptual C Associative D Grammatical 8 The oldest motivation is supposed to be motivation A semantic B etymological C onomatopoeic D morphological 9 Although reference is a kind of abstraction yet with the help of it can refer to something specific A concept B motivation C context D sense 10 Sense denotes the relationships A with the concept B outside the language C with the meaning D inside the language 11 Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its A sense B meaning C concept D reference 12 Concept which is beyond language is the result of human A recognition B cognition C acquisition D practice 13 The relationship between the word form and meaning is and A arbitrary non motivated B arbitrary motivated C conventional motivated D arbitrary conventional 14 The sense of an expression is its place in a system of relationships with other expressions in the language A logical B morphological C semantic D grammatical 15 Most words can be said to be A motivated B non motivated C affixes D compounds 16 is universal to all men alike regardless of culture race language and so on A Sense B Motivation C Concept D Reference 17 The connection between the reference of a word and the thing outside the language is the result of and A specification generalization B generalization abstraction C abstraction specification D extension generalization 18 By means of a speaker indicates which things in the world are being talked about A referent B reference C concept D motivation 19 much and many have the same A concept B motivation C collocation D sense 20 The word meaning is made up of A connotative meaning and affective meaning B stylistic meaning and collocative meaning C grammatical meaning and lexical meaning D conceptual meaning and associative meaning 21 Grammatical meaning of a word becomes important only when it is used in A extra linguistic context B non linguistic context C actual context D lexical context 22 Conceptual meaning also known as meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word meaning A lexical B associative C connotative D denotative 23 meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the meaning A Lexical grammatical B Conceptual associative C Associative conceptual D Connotative conceptual 24 Associative meaning comprises four types 2 A Lexical grammatical stylistic and affective B Connotative stylistic affective and collocative C Lexical conceptual affective and collocative D Conceptual connotative affective and stylistic 25 Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories or A lexical grammatical B appreciative pejorative C associative conceptual D stylistic affective 26 Both pretty and handsome have the same meaning of good looking but they are different in A conceptual style B lexical emotive values C conceptual collocation D stylistic connotation 27 It is noticeable that meaning overlaps with and affective meanings because in a sense both latter meanings are revealed by means of collocations A stylistic collocative B connotative associative C collocative stylistic D conceptual lexical 28 meaning is unstable varying considerably according to culture historical period and the experience of the individual A Lexical B Grammatical C Connotative D Stylistic 29 charger steed horse and plug have the same meaning but they differ in meaning A stylistic conceptual B affective stylistic C collocative connotative D conceptual stylistic 30 meaning surfaces only in use but meaning is constant in all the content words within or with out context as it is related to the notion that the word conv eys A Lexical grammatical B Conceptual associative C Associative conceptual D Grammatical lexical 31 The word cooperation and endless are words A etymologically motivated B semantically motivated C morphologically motivated D onomatopoeically motivated 32 The words bow wow buzz tick tuck are words A semantically motivated B etymologically motivated C morphologically motivated D onomatopoeically motivated 33 is not a morphologically motivated word A laconic B airmail C reading lamp D hopeless 34 Associative meaning comprises several types except A connotative meaning B stylistic meaning C affective meaning D lexical meaning 35 love care tenderness are of mother A the stylistic meanings B the connotative meanings C the stylistic meanings D the collocative meanings III Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book 1 Affective meaning indicates the speaker s towards the person or thing in question 2 Martin Joos 1962 in his book The Five Clock suggests five degrees of frozen formal consultative casual and intimate 3 Lexical meaning is made up of conceptual meaning and meaning 4 meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the Core of word meaning 5 Semantic motivation refers to the associations sug gested by the conceptual meaning of a word 6 The meanings of etymologically motivated words relate directly to their 7 Semantic motivation explains the connection between the literal sense and sense of the word 8 Onomatopoeic words are created by imitating the sounds or noises 9 Not every word has For example probable and if and yes all have some sense but none of them refer to anything in the world 10 roar is a word produced through motivation 11 In the sentence The reactionary s chief ambition is to become the emperor ambition has a connotation 12 Connotative meaning refers to the qvertones or associations suggested by the meaning traditionally known as connota tions 13 The relationship between the word form and meaning is conventional and arbitrary and most words can be said to be 14 Semantic motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the meaning of a word 15 Meaning and concept are Closely related but not 16 The meaning consists of connotative meaning stylistic meaning affective meaning and collocative meaning 17 A concept is to all men alike 18 mouth in the mouth of the river is motivated 19 Not all the words produced by applying the word forming rules are 20 The grammatical meanings can indlcate parts of speech of words singular and plural meanings of nouns meanings of verbs and their inflectional forms etc 3 21 A concept has referring expressions 22 Connotative meaning varies considerably according to euhure historical period and the of the individual 23 commence is in style 24 meaning includes conceptual meaning and asso ciative meaning 25 words have both the same conceptual meaning and associative meaning 26 roommate and miniskirt are motivated words 27 Denotative meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and it forms the of word meaning 28 pen is a an motivated word 29 Unlike conceptual meaning meaning is unstable and indeterminate 30 Normally when we talk about the meaning of a word we are speaking of what we call its 31 A word is the of form and meaning 32 is the relationship between language and the world 33 There are a lot of words whose structures are i e their meanings are not the combinations of the separate parts 34 In the sentence He is fond of the bottle bottle refers to 35 Parts of speech of words singular and plural meaning of nouns tense meaning of verbs all belong to meaning 36 meaning surfaces only in use 37 Just like meaning affective meaning varies from individual to individual from culture to culture from generation to generation 38 Compounds and derived words are words and the meanings of many are the sum of the morphemes combined 39 Word meaning is not monogeneous but a consisting of different parts 40 black is appreciative but nigger is III Match the morphemes words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to types of motivation types of meaning types of word formation types of mor phemes and types of formality A B 1 diminutive A onomatopoeic motivation 2 nigger B appreciative 3 tiny C differing in emotive values 4 commence begin D back formation 5 tongue of the bell E conlpounding 6 laconic F blending 7 black G pejorative 8 ambitious H acronym 9 determined pigheaded I conversion 10 bleat J initialism 11 tremble quiver K colloquial 12 moonlight L grammatical meaning 13 slurb M formal 14 sub N derivational prefix 15 CORE O semantic motivation 16 burgle P differing in stylistic meaning 17 water n Q differing in colloca tire meaning 18 house v R suffixation 19 fan S etymological motivation 20 A D T back clipping IV Study the following morphemes words or expressions and identify types of bound morphemes underlined types ofword formation types of meaning types of motivation and types of formality 1 mother love 2 atom from the smallest unit of matter 3 es in sandwiches 4 quack 5 the foot of the mountain 6 bloom n 7 handsome good looking 4 8 domicile 9 sitcom 10 wee colloquial V Define the following terms 1 reference 2 concept 3 sense 4 motivation 5 semantic motivation 6 grammatical meaning 7 conceptual meaning 8 connotative meaning 9 collocative meaning 10 onomatopoeic motivation 11 etymological motivation 12 affective meaning 13 morphological motivation 14 lexical meaning 15 meaning 16 form 17 stylistic meaning VI Answer the following questions Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given 1 How do we classify meaning 2 What is the function of reference 3 What is motivation How do we classify it 4 What is the relationship and the difference between grammatimeaning and lexical meaning 5 What is the relationship and difference between conceptual meaning and associative meaning 6 How is associative meaning classified 7 What are the characteristics of connotative meaning 8 What is stylistic meaning What are its characteristics 9 How is affective meaning classified 10 What is collocative meaning What are its functions VII Analyze and comment on the following Write you re an swers in the space given below 1 It is not a home It is a house Study the above two sentences and analyze the grammatical meaning conceptual meaning and connotative meaning of home and of house 2 After chucking a stone at the cops they did a bunk with the loot Are all the words in the sentence used appropriately If not ex plain the reasons and improve the sentence 3 a lacoic answer What does laconic mean What motivation is found in it Where is the word derived 4 The pen is mightier than the sword What motivation can be found in the sentence What is that moti vation What do es the motivated word s mean 参考答案参考答案 I Each 0f the statemeuts below is followed by four alterna tive answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement 1 C 2 D 3 C 4 C 5 B 6 B 7 D 8 C 9 C 10 D 11 B 12 B 13 D 14 C 15 B 16 C 17 B 18 B 19 A 20 C 21 C 22 D 23 C 24 B 25 B 26 C 27 C 28 C 29 D 30 D 31 C 32 D 33 A 34 D 35 B Compkte the following statements with proper words or expressions according tO the course b00k 1 attitude 2 Forillalitv 3 aSSOCiative 4 Conceptual 5 mental 6 origiBS 7 6gurative 8 Natural 9 reference 10 Onomatoooeic 11 negative pejoratiVe 12 conceptual l 3 non motivated 14 Conceotual 15 identical 16 associative 17 aniversal 18 semanticallv 19 acceptable 20 Tense 21 many 22 Experienee 23 formal 24 Lexical 25 few 26 Norphologically 27 core 28 etymologicaIly 29 associative 30 denotation 31 COBbination 32 Reference 33 opaque 34 what is contained iBSide 35 grammatical 36 Grammatical 37 connotative 38 multi morDhemic 39 composite 40 pejorative III Match the morphemes words or expressions in ColumnA with those in Column B according to 1 types of motivation 2 types of meaning 3 types of word formation 4 types of morphemes and 5 types of formality 1 M 2 G 3 K 4 P 5 0 6 S 7 B 8 R 9 C 10 A ll Q 12 E 13 F 14 N 15 H 16 D 17 L 18 1 19 T 20 J IV Study the following morphemes words or expressionsand identify 1 types of bound morphemes underlined 2 types of word formation 3 types of meaning 4 types of motivation and 5 types of formality 1 connotative meaning 2 etymological motivation 3 inflectional suffix bound morpheme 4 onomatopoeic motivation 5 semantic motivation 6 grammatical meaning 7 Conceptual meaning 8 formal 9 blending 10 stylistic meaning V Def me the following terms 1 Reference is the relationship between language and the world By means of reference a speaker indicates which things in 5 the world including persons are being talked about 2 Concept which is beyond language is the result of human cognition reflecting the objective world in the human mind It is universal to all men alike regardless of culture race language and so ol 1 3 Sense denotes the relationships inside the language The sense of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions in the language 4 Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning 5 Semantic motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word It explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word 6 Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words singular and plural meaning of nouns tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms 7 Conceptual meaning also known as denotative meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word meaning Being constant and relatively stable conceptual meaning forms the basis for communication as the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the same language 8 Connotative meaning refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning traditionally known as connotations 9 Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation In other words it is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion 10 Onomatopoeic motivation indicates the relationship between sound and meaning of a word Its sound suggests its meaning 11 Etymological motivation indicates the relationship between meaning of a word and its origin In other words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word 12 Affective meaning indicates the speaker s attitude towards the person or thing in question Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories appreciative or pejorative 13 Morphological motivation accounts for the connection between the meaning of the word and the meaning of each morpheme in the word The meaning of many words are the sum total of the morphemes combined 14 Lexical meaning is constant in all the content words within or without context as it is related to the notion that the word conveys Lexical meaning itself has two components conceptual meaning and associative meaning 15 Meaning is what the form stands for Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning make up the word meaning 16 By form we mean both its pronunciation and spelling A word is the combination of form and meaning and form is the carrier of meaning 17 Stylistic meaning refers to the stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different contexts VI Answer the following questions Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given 1 1 Meaning is made up of lexical meaning and grammatical meaning 2 Lexical meaning is classified into conceptual meaning and associative meaning 3 Asscoiative meaning is classified into connotative meaning stylistic meaning affective meaning and collocative meaning 2 Reference refers to the connection between the linguistic sign and the world The reference of a word to a thing outside the languagc is arbitrary and conventional Although reference is a kind of abstraction yet with the help of context it can refer to something specific 3 1 Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistiesymbol and its meaning 2 Motivation is classified into onomatopoeic motivation morphological motivation semantic motivation and etymological motivation 4 Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning make up the word meaning Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of words nouns verbs adverbs singular and plural meaning of nouns tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms Grammatieal meaning of a word becomes import t only when it is used in actual context Unlike lexical meaning different lexical items which have different lexical meanings may have the some grammatical meaning On the other hand the same word may have different grammatical meanings Lexical meaning is constant in all the content words within or without context as it is related to the notion that the word conveys Lexical meaning itself has two components conceptual meaning and associative meaning 5 Lexical meaning is made up of conceptual meaning and associative meaning Conceptual meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word meaning Being constant and relatively stable conceptual meaning forms the basis for communic