Readingandspeaking (4).doc

评测练习一细节理解专项巩固训练：You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (1913-2005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in, ” said Parks.1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work. B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.2. What is the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks4. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. (2019 济宁一模)Lead researcher Dr，Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devicesThe team began by pulling out the woods lignin(木质素)The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer(聚合物)and baked at a temperature of 158F for four hoursThe result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also，almost transparentThe researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood5Which of the following correctly shows the process in which the transparent wood is made?Dip the wood into a polymer Adjust the amount of the polymerMake the wood lignin-free Bake the wood for some timeA BC D A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in “snow”. Two more fans were turned on, and a “strong wind” blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.6. What made the author feel cold?A The heavy snowfall B The man-made sceneC The low temperature D The film being shownPlus, traditional cancer treatments have been a terrible failure. Because the only big winner in the cancer treatment story to date has been the cancer industrys multibillion-dollar profits,7. What do we know about cancer in America?A Cancer death rates are dropping B Cancer industry is very profitableC Traditional cancer treatments are effective. D Cancer medicine was invented 80 years ago。 Most people think of racing when they see greyhounds (灰狗) and believe they need lots of exercise. They can actually be quite lazy! Greyhounds are good at fast races but not long-distance running. They do need regular exercise but they like to run for a short burst and then get back on the bed or a comfortable seat. Another misunderstanding is that greyhounds must be aggressive(好斗的) because they are big in size. In fact greyhounds love people and are gentle with children.Greyhounds can live for 12 14 years but usually only race for two or three years, and after that they make great pets. They dont need a lot of space, dont make a lot of noise, and dont eat a lot for their size.Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm. There is, however, a small-sized greyhound, which stands only 33cm. Greyhounds come in a variety of colors. Grey and yellowish-brown are the most common. Others include black, white, blue, red and brown or a mix of these.Greyhounds have smooth body coats, low body fat and are very healthy. Because theyre slim (苗条的) they dont have the leg problems like other dogs the same height. But they do feel the cold, especially since they would much rather be at home in bed than walking around outside. 8. Why does the author say that greyhounds make great pets? A They are big in size. BThey live a very long life.CThey can run races for some time. DThey are quiet and easy to look after. 9. If you keep a pet greyhound, it is important_.Ato keep it slim Bto keep it warm Cto take special care of its legs Dto take it to animal doctors regularly Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions，manage their environment，and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson，a Year One student，“operates under the theory of whats mine is mine and whats yours is mine，” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers (剑). Later，I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”10.Bossy children like Stephen Jackson_.Amake good decisions Bshow self-centerednessClack care from others Dhave little sense of fear The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze (分析) the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect (建筑师) who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. Designing building of the future gives children a lot of freedom, says the teacher who developed this program.They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.11. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom _.A. to find out kids creative ideas B. to discuss with the teacherC. to give children lectures D. to help kids with their program Fat and shy，Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team.“Football，tennis，cricketanything with a round ball，I was useless，” he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire，England.It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually，Saunders set up his mind on building up his body，increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18，he ran his first marathon.The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgways school of adventure in Scotland，where he learnt about Ridgways cold-water exploits. Greatly interested，Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures，then decided that this would be his future.In 2001，after becoming a skillful skier，Saunders started his first long-distance expedition towards the North Pole. It took unbelievable energy. He suffered frostbite，ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit，pulling his supply-loaded sled up and over rocky rice.Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole，and hes skied more of the North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.Next October，Saunders，27，heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back，a 2900-kilometer journey that has never been completed on skis.12.Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to Saunders?a. He ran his first marathon. b. He skied alone in the North Pole.c. He rode his bike in a forest. d. He planned an adventure to the South Pole.A. a-c-d-b B. c-d-a-b C. a-c-b-d D. c-a-b-d People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah. 13. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their_.A. limited power in calculation B. interests in doing things differentlyC. inability to concentrate on one task. D. impulsive desire to try new things If one person in a pair engages in another conversation through their phone，his or her companion may feel rejectedThat companion then might be forced to connect with others from outside so as not to feel left out14. How might one feel when his companion is busy checking messages?ARelaxed BAshamed CSurprised DIgnored （11）In the US and Britain, the slogan around colleges was “Save water. Shower with a friend.” Now, Wuhan University has come up with another system for the campus bathhouse. It charges students for the amount of time in a shower. Before entering the bathhouse, students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower with cash or their student ID card. The clock starts ticking the minute the tape is turned on. It pauses when a button is pressed for soap. An integrated circuit(IC) card reader at each tap shows the time. No money, no water. The benefits of the new system can be seen with the old system, which charged 1 yuan for each person regardless of time in the shower. The university used about 320 tones of water daily under the old system, but only 160 tons now.15. Since the new system has performed, _ of water can be saved.A. a quarter B. one third C. one half D. two thirds二、实战练习 ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalized, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.ActivityDescriptionMember of staffCostOutdoor Adventure(OUT)Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment.Mr.Clemens140WW Battlefields and Paris (WBP)On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights.Mrs.Wilson425Crafty Foxes (CRF)Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations. Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.Mrs.Goode30Potty about Potter (POT)Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in StreatleyonThames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxfords Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.Miss Drake1501.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?AOUT.BWBP.CCRF. DPOT.2What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs.Wilson?ATravel to London. BSee a parade and fireworks.CTour central Paris. DVisit the WW battlefields.解题思路：_3How long does Potty about Potter last?ATwo days. BFour days. CFive days. DOne week.（2018年高考全国卷1） BWashington, DC.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, DC.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, DC.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, DC. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, DC. Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for DC. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, DC. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, DC. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.4. Which tour do you need to book in advance?ACherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, DC. BWashington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.CCapital City Bike Tour in Washington, DC. DWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.解题思路：_5. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?AMeet famous people.BGo to a national park.CVisit wellknown museums. DEnjoy interesting stories.6. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?ACity maps. BCameras. C。Meals. DSafety lights.(2018年高考全国卷1) CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6，800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1，000; Africa 2，400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a questionmark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.7. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer time