高二英语寒假作业(三)阅读理解专练.doc

高二英语寒假作业（三）阅读理解专练. AOne of the most successful singers of the twentieth century, Ella Fitzgerald has made several different styles her own. She was born in Virginia but was brought up in an orphanage in Yonkers, New York. Chick Webb spotted her in an amateur competition when she was sixteen. He engaged her to sing with his band and when he died in 1939, she took over.Unlike Bessie Smith, Ella Fitzgerald taught herself the sentimental music so popular in the 1930s- songs like “My Heart Belongs to Daddy”- and her recordings became best-sellers. During the 1940s she developed her own “scat singing” - a breathless, nonsense-syllable style- for songs like “Flying Home” and “Lady Be Good.”Ella Fitzgerald was the perfect musical partner for her friend, the trumpeter Louis Armstrong, matching him in warmth and artistry. “I just like music, period,” she said. “To me, its a story. Theres only one thing better than singing. Its more singing.”1. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. A comparison of Ella Fitzgerald and Bessie Smith. B. The musical career of Ella Fitzgerald. C. Ella Fitzgeralds early childhood. D. Ella Fitzgeralds most recent recordings.2. The underlined word “spotted” means_. A. noticed B. brought up C. employed D. recognized3. What does the passage imply about Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong? A. They were the founders of “scat singing”. B. They played the same musical instruments. C. They performed well together. D. They were a married couple.BFamilies have always changed. For instance, once the family was the world. In other words, at one time everything a person did took place within the family. The family was a childs only school. One worshiped only within the family. The rules set up by the family were the only laws one had to obey, and the family was the only means one had to settle a dispute. The family is still the “world in some cultures. But in many cultures, these former functions of the family have largely been taken over by other institutions, such as schools, churches, and governments.In the past, families changed in other ways. Some scientists believe that when people obtained food by hunting animals and gathering roots and plants, the nuclear family was the rule. The family had to be small in order to move around and live off the land. When people settled in one place and began to farm to obtain food, they found that they needed more hands to do the work. The extended family developed in some cultures. Now in addition to their children, people lived together with their parents and even grandparents.How are families changing today? The number of nuclear families seems to be increasing everywhere in the world. The number of extended families is declining. One reason for this seems to be that in many cultures today people are leaving farms and villages to find jobs in the city. Extended families are hard to maintain when people have to be free to move in order to find work.4. In many cultures today, _. A. the family is the world B. the family is not an institution. C. the family does not have any functions. D. the family has lost many of the functions it used to have.5. The nuclear family was the rule because _. A. the family had to move around to find enough food. B. people didnt know many ways of hunting animals.C. People needed many hands to do farming. D. the extended family had not been invented yet.6. The reason why many people are leaving farms to find jobs in the city is _. A. that there are more and more nuclear families in the world. B. that extended families are hard to maintain. C. that people do not like to settle down. D. not stated in above article.7. Which of the following is true?A. Although the nuclear family developed before the extended family, the latter is gaining more and more popularity everywhere in the world.B. the most important reason why people are leaving villages is that they do not enjoy living together with their parents or grandparents.C. Different types of families have developed as different ways of life are accepted.D. Families change because tides and fashions always change. C In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza-like cases. Influenza is sometimes called flu or a bad cold. He took samples from the throats of patients and in his hospital was able to find the virus of this influenza.There were three main types of the influenza virus. The most important of these are type A and B, each of them having several subgroups. With the instruments at the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was due to a virus in group A, but he did not know the subgroup. Then he reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W.H.O. published the important news alongside reports of a similar outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 15-20% of the population had become ill. As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, doctors began the standard tests. They found that by reproducing itself with very high speed, the virus had grown more than a million times within two days. Continuing their careful tests, the doctors checked the effect of drugs against all the known sungroups of virus type A. none of them gave any protection. This ,then, was something new, a new influenza virus, against which the people of the world had no help whatever.Having found the virus they were working with, the two doctors now dropped it into the noses of some specially selected animals, which get influenza much as human beings do. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments proved that the new virus was easy to catch, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like the general public, call it simply Asian flu.The first discovery of the virus, however, was made in China before the disease had appeared in other countries. Various reports showed that the influenza outbreak started in China, probably in February of 1957. by the middle of March it had spread all over China. The virus was found by Chinese doctors early in March. But China is not a member of the World Health Organization and therefore does not report outbreaks of disease to it. Not until two months later, when travellers carried the virus into Hang Kong, from where it spread to Singapore, did the news of the outbreak reach the rest of the world. By this time it was well started on its way around the world.Thereafter, W.H.O.s Weekly Reports described the steady spread of this great virus outbreak, which within four months swept through every continent.8. the doctor in Singapore performed a valuable service by _. A. finding the subgroup of the virus. B. developing a cure. C. keeping his patients apart from others. D. reporting the outbreak to Geneva. 9. One interesting thing about the virus in the story was that it _. A. was especially weak. B. was similar to other viruses. C. could reproduce with great speed. D. had samples frozen and packed in dry ice.10. The experiments in giving the virus to animals proved that this type of influenza was easy to catch _. A. but was not deadly. B. and had rather mild effects. C. and could possibly causes death. D. and did not have the usual signs.11. In order to keep track of a disease such as influenza, W.H.O. must have _. A. highly trained experts. B. co-operation from every doctor. C. good reporting services. D. time to study the facts.12. One thing necessary for discovering influenza outbreak is _. A. doctors and hospital services. B. drugs to fight the disease. C. the United Nations. D. sick Chinese.D It is true that as a social organization moves from the simple to the complex, so does the organization through which it educates its children. Growth and change are vital if education is to meet new needs and demands. In a very simple social order it may suffice(足够) to have the parents carry on the education of their children. However, as will be shown later in more detail, such a method may become entirely untenable(站不住脚的), and special individuals are entrusted(委交) with the task. These may be hired privately at first, but soon the social group- the church, village, and the like-will be responsible for education. Eventually, special training is required for those who do the teaching, and an agency to control this training is needed. Thus the influence of local government unit, such as the town, township, and later the state or the province, becomes necessary. It was generally considered simpler to use as a unit the already existing local unit.13. The closest restatement(重新叙述) of the first sentence is _. A. The more complex a social organization becomes, the more complex the educational system becomes.B. The complexity of a social organization depends on the complexity of the educational system.C. Social organizations are truly as complex as they need to be for educational purposes.D. Our society must be complex if we want our education system to serve our childrens educational requirements.14. The writer would probably argue for _.A. more parental influence in education.B. an educational system which takes social complexity into account.C. strict state control of education.D. more special training for teachers.15. The method which the author says might become entirely untenable is _. A. the method of social organization. B. parental education of children. C. a simple social order. D. the entrustment of education to special individuals.16. The author promises to explain _. A. the necessity of the local governmental unit. B. why it is easier to use the government to control education. C. the responsibility of the social group. D. why parents should not teach their children.E Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate”. But not all experts agree that this is a good idea. One pioneer in particular, who disagrees in David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate”. David Tebbett thinks Computertowns are most successful when tied to a computer club but he insists there is an important difference between the two. The clubs are for people who have some computer knowledge already. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers for them to experiment on, with experts to encourage them and answer any questions they have. They are not told what to do, they find out. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers but have to be able to tell people questions people ask. People dont have to learn computer terms(术语), but the experts are becoming “people-literate”. 17. Which of the following is David Tebbutts idea on the relationship between people and computers? A. Computer learning should be made easier. B. There should be more computer clubs for experts. C. People should work harder to master computer use. D. Computers should be made cheaper so that people can afford them. 18. We can infer from the text that “computer-literate” means _. A. being able to afford a computer. B. being able to write computer programs. C. working with the computer and finding out its value. D. understanding the computer and knowing how to use it. 19. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to the idea that Computertowns _. A. help to set up more computer clubs. B. bring people to learn to use computers. C. bring more experts to work together. D. help to sell computers to the public. 20. David Tebbett started Computertown UK with the purpose of _. A. making better use of computer experts. B. increasing computer programs. C. increasing computer sales. D. popularising computers.FCats are creatures of habit. They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time. They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps（打盹）. Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit. Cat naps help to build up energy in the body. They are also a good way to get rid of trouble! Since cats have the same moods（情绪）as humans, some experts believe that people can improve their moods. People might become happier.A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day. The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps. So did Presidents Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson. These famous men were known for their energy. They were also able to work long hours, often into the night. Napping was their secret.21From this selection we know that cats _.A. do not have regular sleepB. have occasional sleep as well as naps every dayC. take naps to add to their regular sleepD. take naps when they are not happy22Taking cat naps _.A. will make a person lazy and tiredB. is a bad habitC. will make people feel betterD. can help people to become famous23Which of the following statements is NOT true? _.A. People should take their naps secretlyB. Cats have the same moods as peopleC. Some famous people take cat napsD. Some people have full energy after they take cat naps24Naps usually last _.A. three hours B. less than half an hourC. forty-five minutes D. fifty-five minutes25This selection was probably written to _.A. show how lazy cats areB. talk about the habits of catsC. tell about famous people and their habitsD. persuade people to take napsGThere is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers （梦游者）. Persons have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, write music, walk through windows, and do murder in their sleep.In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen searched for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there.At the University of Iowa, a student was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three quarters of a mile to the Iowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.An expert on sleep in America claims（声称）that he has never seen a sleepwalker. He is said to know more about sleep than any other man alive, and during the last thirty-five years he has lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. He says, “Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers because I have read about them in the newspapers. But none of my sleepers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, I doubt whether I could get many takers. ”Sleepwalking, however, is a scientific reality. It is one of those strange things that sometimes look quite like the fantastic（怪诞的）. Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more common than is generally supposed. Many sleepwalkers do not try to find help and are never recorded.26Generally speaking, sleepwalkers are the ones that _.A. can climb on roofsB. can walk through windowsC. can do fantastic things during their sleepD. can walk in a half-awake state27It was reported that a boy _.A. was found on a strange sofa, telling how he had got thereB. slept in his own room but woke up in a strange roomC. lost his way five hours after he left homeD. was searched for by policemen for he lost his way28The passage mentions a college student who got into the habit of _.A. getting up in the middle of the night and walking outB. walking three quarters of a mile every dayC. swimming in the Iowa River before going to bedD. walking about before he went to bed29An American expert knows more about sleep than any other man alive, _.A. because he can get many takers for his experimentB. because he has had trouble with sleep for 30 yearsC. but he says he has never seen sleepers walkD. but he has nobody to sleep together with him30People think sleepwalking is nothing but one of the fantastic things without any explanation. Why? A. It is so common that it neednt be recorded. B. Scientists take no interest in it. C. Doctors dont want to care about it.D. No records about it have been made.HSome people are lucky enough to be born with a good sense of direction and even if they have only visited a place once, they will be able to find it again years later.I am one of those unfortunate people who have poor sense of direction and I may have visited a place time after time but I still get lost on my way there. When I was young I was so shy that I never dared ask complete strangers the way and so I used to wander round in circles and hope that by some chance I would get to the spot I was heading for.I am no longer too shy to ask people for direction, but I often receive replies that puzzle me. Often people do not like to admit that they didnt know their hometown and will insist on telling you the way, even if they do not know it; others, who are anxious to prove that they know their hometown very well, will give you a long list of directions which you can not possibly hope to remember, and