广西南宁市高考英语单项选择和阅读理解暑假自练（12）.doc

广西南宁市2016高考英语单项选择和阅读理解暑假自练（12）阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。 体裁：议论文话题：历史故事时间：6分钟the movies just wouldnt be the same without the warm buttery taste of popcorn.amazingly，this delicious treat started its life as a corn kernel(玉米粒)and not from just any corn.popcorn is a type of sweet corn that was originally grown in mexico and spread to china，india and elsewhere.it is the only kind of corn that will pop.today，most of the worlds popcorn is grown in the united states.every popcorn kernel contains a tiny drop of water，surrounded by soft starch(淀粉)when the popcorn is heated，the water turns into steam.this puts pressure on the surrounding hard kernel，forcing it to explode.the soft starch increases about 40 times in size as the corn kernel turns itself inside out.in the 1500s popcorn was an important food source for the aztec indians of central and southern mexico.but it wasnt only food.it was also used in ceremonies or in headdresses and necklaces.by the time the europeans arrived in america，popcorn had spread through most of the american indians.some early american settlers ate popcorn with cream and sugar for breakfast.but it wasnt until the late 1800s that popcorn became popular.the demand for popcorn increased and farmers began farming popcorn.the first mobile popping machine was invented in 1885，and popcorn was sold by street sellers much like hot dogs are sold today. during the great depression of the 1930s，the popcorn business still thrived as people could still afford it.then in the 1950s television arrived and popcorn consumption decreased.people stayed home and stopped going to the theatre.but the link between movies and popcorn had already existed.soon people began making popcorn at home on the stove.later，microwave popcorn was introduced.today the movies have regained popularity and popcorn has once again become the favorite.【语篇导读】没有温热香甜的爆米花，电影似乎也会失去味道吧。那么，关于爆米花你又了解多少呢？1popcorn was first planted in _.achina bamericacindia dmexico解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案。答案d2why does the corn kernel pop when heated?abecause it is covered with soft starch.bbecause the pressure inside is too big.cbecause the starch becomes bigger in size.dbecause there is water inside the kernel.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三两句可知，玉米粒内的水并不能直接导致它炸开，而是水蒸气产生的压力作用于四周坚硬的内核上，造成它爆炸。故答案选b。答案b3we can know from the passage that _.apopcorn began to be farmed in the late 1800sbpopcorn was only a kind of food in the 1500s chot dogs used to be sold by street sellersdpeople stopped going to the movies without popcorn解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三两句可知，是在19世纪末期，随着人们对爆米花需求的增长，农民们才开始种植这种玉米。答案a4the underlined word“thrived” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_ ”astarted to be popularbwas seriously affectedcsuffered a lot ddeveloped very well解析词义猜测题。根据上文的still以及下文的as people could still afford it可推断出，这里指即使是在经济大萧条时期，因为爆米花仍然是人们买得起的食品，所以爆米花产业仍然发展得很好。答案d阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省三模】about a third of all common cancers in the united states, china and britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on friday. reports from the world cancer research fund (wcrf) suggest that making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in britain and the united states, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers. “even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be prevented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors,” said a wcrf medical and scientific adviser. wcrf findings are supported by world health organization (who) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases. cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and its incidence(发病率) is rising. each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. there are about 200 known types of cancer. rachel thompson, the wcrfs head of science, said that while the message was simple that not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers it was still a difficult one to get across. the who says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. this could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day. peter baldini, head of the world lung foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of people who dont smoke but have been exposed to it second-hand. “there isnt a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” baldini said.63. which of the following words can best take the place of the phrase “ward off” in the sixth paragraph? a. protect b. prevent c. develop d. cure【答案】b【解析】词义猜测题。根据not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help及many cancers可以推测是不吸烟，吃好的食物及有一个健康的体重有助于阻止癌症的发生，故选b。64. which of the following statements is not true according to the text? a. exercising and eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk. b. each year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world. c. every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers. d. adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据the who says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. this could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.世界卫生组织建议一周五次一次30分钟的锻炼时间，故选d。65. which of the following can be the best title of this text? a. simple life changes could stop millions of cancers b. cancer is a leading cause of death c. our bad lifestyle caused many diseases d. the incidence of common cancers is rising【答案】a【解析】标题归纳题。根据making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers及短文的内容可知要人们平时注意生活能够阻止癌症的发生，故选a。66. by writing the passage, the author mainly intends to _. a. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle. b. warn people of the danger of cancers c. explain why many people die from cancers every year. d. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的内容可知主要建议人们发展健康的生活，故选a。67. we can infer from peter baldinis opinion in the last two paragraphs that _. a. all the lung cancers are linked to smoking b. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but its our duty to find one c. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect peoples health d. its our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up smoking【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建议政府要采取措施控制人们吸烟进而来保护人们的身体健康，故选c。2015高考英语（附解析答案）.单项填空1shall i give you a ride to the airport?thank you._.aif you like bit couldnt be bettercof course，you can dits up to you解析第一个人提出要送对方去机场，根据第二个人的答语“thank you”可知，他接受了对方提供的帮助，下句应说“it couldnt be better”，意为“那太好了”。答案b2to make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their_and weaknesses.astrengths bbenefitsctechniques dvalues解析本题考查词汇。strength此处意为“长处；优势”；根据句意：为了使小组中的成员在比赛中取得更好的成绩，教练首先要了解队员的强项和薄弱的地方，可判断出选a。答案a3that must have been a long trip.yeah，it _ us a whole week to get there.atakesbhas takenctookdwas taking解析 考查动词的时态。句意：那肯定是一次很长的旅程。是的，我们花了整整一周的时间才到达那里。must have done用来表示对过去肯定事实的推测，由此判断语境指过去，故排除a项；b项为现在完成时，强调对现在造成的结果或影响，属于现在时态范畴，故排除；d项为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作，不符合语境，也应排除。题干只是在陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故选c项。答案 c4if you just spend time_advantages and disadvantages，you may get nothing in the end.amatching bbalancing cobserving dexamining解析balance advantages and disadvantages意为“权衡利弊”。答案b5the student_from the training so much that he was_the first prize in the event.abenefited；benefited bawarded；awardedcawarded；benefited dbenefited；awarded解析benefit from.从中获益；be awarded the first prize被授予一等奖。答案d6before making any decision，_your family to find out which activities are most important to you.aconsult bcontact ccontent dconcern解析句意：在做任何决定之前，咨询一下你的家人哪些活动对你来说是最重要的。consult咨询，商讨；contact联系；content使满足；concern关心。答案a7did peter fix the computer himself?he_because he doesnt know much about computers.ahas it fixed bfixed itchad it fixed dhad fixed it解析由下句可知他对电脑不了解，故应该让别人修理。应用have sth done结构，另结合句意可知动作发生在过去，应用过去时态，故选c项。答案c8if we _ the other road，we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.atake bhad takenctook dhave taken解析 考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。只要掌握了与现在、过去和将来事实相反的虚拟语气的三个句式，做这类试题就会迎刃而解。句意：如果我们走另一条路的话，我们或许能够及时到达这里参加这次会议了。根据主句的谓语动词might have arrived可以推出，本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时。答案 b9the manager had fallen asleep where he_，without undressing.awas laying bwas lyingchad laid dhad lied解析考查时态和lie的词形变化。句意：经理穿着衣服就在他躺着的地方睡着了。通过had fallen asleep可知此处lie是“躺、卧”的意思，排除a和c。从时态意义出发，睡着时，躺、卧的动作正在发生，所以答案是b。答案b10companies are struggling to find the right_between supply and demand，but it is no easy task.abalance bprocess cequality dpat