罗宾斯管理学练习题第三章.doc

Chapter 3 Organizational Culture and Environment: The ConstraintsTrue/False QuestionsA MANAGERS DILEMMA1.According to the information presented in “A Managers Dilemma,” the training programs were well planned and integrated across all business units.False (moderate)THE MANAGER: OMNIPOTENT OR SYMBOLIC2.In the symbolic view of management, managers are seen as directly responsible for an organizations success or failure.False (easy)3.The current dominant assumption in management theory suggests managers are omnipotent.True (moderate)4.The view of managers as omnipotent is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organizations objectives.True (moderate)5.The symbolic view of managerial impact is useful in explaining the high turnover among college and professional sports coaches, who can be considered the “managers” of their teams.False (difficult)6.The view that a college football team had a losing season due to the failure of key players to obtain sufficient school grades represents the symbolic view of management.True (moderate)7.In the omnipotent view of management, much of an organizations success or failure is due to forces outside managements control.False (easy)8.If an organization subscribes to the symbolic view of managers, it is unreasonable to expect managers to have a significant effect on the organizations performance.True (easy)9.A managers role in the omnipotent view of management is to create meaning out of randomness, confusion, and ambiguity.False (moderate)THE ORGANIZATIONS CULTURE10.An organizational culture refers to a system of shared meaning.True (moderate)11.The organizational culture is a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations.True (moderate)12.Organizational culture is a perception, not reality.True (moderate)13.Presently, there is no method for analyzing or assessing organizational culture.False (moderate)14.Strong cultures have more influence on employees than weak ones.True (moderate)15.An increasing body of evidence suggests that strong cultures are associated with high organizational performance.True (easy)16.Compensation in mentioned in the text as a dimension of organizational culture.False (moderate)17.Most organizations have very weak cultures.False (moderate)18.An organizations founder has little influence on its culture.False (moderate)19.Rituals are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the key values of an organization.True (moderate)20.Organizational stories typically contain a narrative of significant events or people.True (moderate)21.A good example of an organizational story is the process college faculty members go through in their quest for tenure.False (moderate)22.Employee stock option is mentioned in the text as an example of a material symbol.False (moderate)23.The link between values and managerial behavior is fairly straightforward.True (moderate)THE ENVIRONMENT24.The part of the environment directly related to achievement of an organizations goals is the specific environment.True (moderate)25.The general environment refers to everything inside the organization.False (easy)26.Environmental uncertainty can be divided into two dimensions: degree of trust and degree of integration.False (difficult)27.Because certainty is a threat to an organizations effectiveness, managers try to minimize it.False (easy)28.The term suppliers include providers of financial and labor inputs.True (moderate)29.To a national network such as NBC, your home VCR is considered a competitor.True (moderate)30.Ralph Naders Center for Responsive Law is considered a pressure group that managers must deal with.True (moderate)31.Industry conditions is an example of an organizations general environment.False (moderate)32.The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made jobs accessible to people with disabilities.False (moderate)33.The Americans with Disabilities Act grants 12 weeks of unpaid leave to employees for birth or adoption of a child.False (moderate)34.Economic conditions are part of the organizations specific environment.False (moderate)MANAGING WORKFORCE DIVERSITY35. Based on the data presented in “Managing Workforce Diversity,” federal mandate is the number one factor driving diversity efforts by organizations.False (moderate)Multiple-Choice QuestionsA MANAGERS DILEMMA36.According to the information presented in “A Managers Dilemma,” Vancouver is a city where the environment is fairly stable and the relationship among stakeholders is critically important. Which of the following approaches to managing stakeholder relationships should Catherine Deslauriers, the city of Vancouvers staff and organizational development coordinator, pursue?a. Stakeholder partnershipsb. Boundary spanningc. Stakeholder management (difficult)d. Scanning and monitoring the environmentTHE MANAGER: OMNIPOTENT OR SYMBOLIC37.What are the two views of managerial impact on the success or failure of the organization?a.Omnipotent and symbolic (moderate)b.Omnipotent and reflectivec.Symbolic and interactived.Reflective and interactivee.Dynamic and static38.What view suggests that managers are directly responsible for an organizations success or failure?a.Symbolic view of managementb.Autocratic view of managementc.Omnipotent view of management (moderate)d.Linear view of managemente.Quality view of management39.According to which of the following views of managerial impact is it external forces, not management that determines outcomes?a.Symbolic view of managementb.Autocratic view of managementc.Omnipotent view of management (moderate)d.Linear view of managemente.Quality view of management40.The current dominant assumption in management theory _.a.suggests a balanced view of managers as symbolic and omnipotent.b.suggests managers are symbolic.c.suggests managers are omnipotent. (moderate)d.is that both the symbolic and omnipotent views are fading.e.is that neither symbolic nor omnipotent views are relevant.41.The view of managers as _ is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organizations objectives.a.symbolicb.omnipotent (moderate)c.generalistd.autocratice.dynamic42.Which of the following views of managerial impact is useful in explaining the high turnover among college and professional sports coaches, who can be considered the “managers” of their teams?a.Symbolicb.Omnipotent (moderate)c.Generalistd.Autocratice.Dynamic43.Which of the following statements best represents the symbolic view of management?a.Outside forces have most of the influence on organizational outcomes. (difficult)b.Effective managers are viewed as role models that employees emulate.c.Upper managements proper role is that of organizational figurehead.d.Managers are one of the three significant forces that determine organizational outcomes.e.Managers are directly responsible for the success or failure of the organization.44.The view that a college football team had a losing season due to the failure of key players to obtain sufficient school grades represents which view of management?a.Omnipotentb.Symbolic (moderate)c.Democraticd.Systematice.Organic45.Following the symbolic view, managers have a(n) _ effect on substantive organizational outcomes.a.substantialb.moderatec.limited (moderate)d.unlimitede.undetermined46.In which of the views of managerial impact is the actual part that managers play in organizational success or failure minimal?a.Omnipotentb.Symbolic (moderate)c.Democraticd.Systematice.OrganicTHE ORGANIZATIONS CULTURE47.Organizational culture is similar to an individuals _.a.skillsb.personality (easy)c.motivationd.abilitye.knowledge48.Which of the following phrases is associated with the definition of organizational culture?a.Individual responseb.Shared meaning (easy)c.Diversity of thoughtd.Explicit directionse.Internal growth49.The organizational _ is (are) a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguish(es) the organization from other organizations.a.culture (easy)b.valuesc.ritualsd.structuree.hierarchy50.Which of the following is not implied by your texts definition of culture?a.Culture is a perception.b.Individuals tend to describe an organizations culture in dissimilar terms. (difficult)c.There is a shared aspect of culture.d.Organizational culture is a descriptive term.e.Research suggests seven dimensions to an organizations culture.51.The strength of culture is dependent on all but which of the following organizational factors?a.Sizeb.Industry (moderate)c.Aged.Turnovere.Original culture intensity52.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a dimension of organizational culture?a. Attention to detailb. People orientationc. Compensation (moderate)d. Aggressivenesse. Stability53.Sony Corporations focus on product innovation is an example of which of the following dimensions of organizational culture?a. Attention to detailb. People orientationc. Outcome orientation (moderate)d. Aggressivenesse. Stability54.Organizations in which the key values are intensely held and widely shared have _ cultures.a.emergingb.aggressivec.weakd.strong (moderate)e.assertive55.Most organizations have _ cultures.a.very weakb.weak to moderatec.moderated.moderate to strong (moderate)e.strong to very strong56.What is the original source of an organizations culture?a.The organizations industryb.The organizations sizec.The organizations aged.The organizations geographic locatione.The organizations founder (moderate)57.Which of the following is not a way in which culture is transmitted to employees?a.Storiesb.Ritualsc.Organizational chart (moderate)d.Material symbolse.Language58._ are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce key values of the organization.a.Rituals (easy)b.Storiesc.Symbolsd.Languagee.Habits59.Organizational _ typically contain a narrative of significant events or people.a.stories (moderate)anizational chartd.material symbolse.language60.A good example of an organizational _ is the process college faculty members go through in their quest for tenure.a.storyb.symbolc.anchord.sacrificee.ritual (moderate)61.All of the following are mentioned in the text as examples of material symbols EXCEPT:a. dress attire.b. size of offices.c. employee stock options. (moderate)d. reserved parking spaces for certain employees.e. health club memberships for employees.62.Which of the following statements is accurate concerning organizational culture?a.It has little impact on managers.b.Generally, the rules of organizational culture can be found in the employee handbook.c.Organizational culture is always passed along by word of mouthd.Organizational culture is rarely explicit. (difficult)e.The organizations culture expands a managers decision-making options.63.The link between organizational values and managerial behavior is _.a.uncertainb.fairly straightforward (moderate)c.loose and difficult to seed.unimportante.hidden64.In organizations whose culture conveys a basic distrust of employees, managers are more likely to use which of the following leadership styles?a. Democraticb. Participativec. Authoritarian (moderate)d. ConsensusTHE ENVIRONMENT65.According to the text, the _ environment includes those constituencies that have a direct and immediate impact on managers decisions and actions and are directly relevant to the achievement of the organizations goals.a. generalb. specific (moderate)c. secondaryd. forwarde. reverse66.Which of the following is not an example of a constituency that makes up the specific environment?a. Customersb. Sociocultural factors (moderate)c. Suppliersd. Competitorse. Pressure groups67.For a company such as Walt Disney World in Florida, a bank would be an example of what kind of factor in their specific environment?a.Competitorb.Supplier (moderate)c.Special-interest groupd.Government agencye.Customer68.Which of the following is not an example of a specific environmental factor?a.Suppliersb.Political conditions (moderate)c.Customersd.Governmental agenciese.Special-interest pressure groups69.For an organization such as a hospital that needs nurses, the labor union and the local labor market are examples of what kinds of factors in their specific environment?a.Special-interest group and supplierb.Customer and special-interest groupc.Both are examples of suppliers (difficult)d.Government agency and competitore.Special-interest group and competitor70.Voters represent what factor in the specific environment of governmental organizations?a.Special-interest groupb.Competitorc.Supplierd.Customer (moderate)e.Government agency71.Typically, the specific organizational environment includes which of the following?a.Economic factorsb.Political conditionsc.Technological factorsd.Globalization issuese.Competitors (moderate)72.United Parcel Service represents what factor to the U.S. Postal Service in its specific environment?a.Competitor (moderate)b.Supplierc.Customerd.Special-interest groupe.Government agency73.To a national network such as NBC, your home VCR is considered a _.a.customerb.supplierc.special-interest petitor (moderate)e.regulator74.According to the text, _ is having an impact on who an organizations competitors are because it has virtually eliminated the geographic boundaries.a. local area networkb. the intranetc. the Internet (easy)d. video conferencing75.Ralph Naders Center for Responsive Law is an example of what factor in the specific external environment?a.Competitorb.Pressure group (moderate)c.Customerd.Government agencye.Supplier76.Typically, the general organizational environment includes which of the following?a.Political conditions (moderate)b.Issues directly relevant to achieving organizational goalsc.Stakeholdersd.Supplierse.Government agencies77.Compared to the specific environment, which of the following is an accurate statement about the general environment of an organization?a.They have less impact on the organizations operations. (difficult)b.They have more impact on the organizations operations.c.They have about the same impact on an organizations operations.d.It is the concern of upper management.e.It is generally considered an unimportant environmental factor.78.Which of the following is not an example of an organizations general environment?a.Economic conditionsb.Political conditionsc.Social conditionsd.Technological conditionse.Industry conditions (moderate)79.Interest rates, inflation rates, and stock market indexes are all examples of what factor in an organizations general environment?a.Economic (moderate)b.Politicalc.Sociald.Technologicale.Global80.A downturn in the contributions from the public to the United Way charity is an example of the impact from what factor in its general environment?a.Politicalb.Socialc.Technologicald.Economic (moderate)e.Global81.Which of the following is not true of the impact of government regulations on an organization?a.Organizations spend a great deal of time with them.b.Organizations spend a great deal of money with them.c.They limit managerial choices.d.They increase managerial discretion. (difficult)e.They may determine what an organization can sell.82.Which legislation requires an employer to provide a working environment free from hazards to health?a.Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (moderate)b.Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972c.Toxic Substance Control Act of 1976d.Child Safety Protection Act of 1994e.Family and Medical Leave Act of 199383.Which legislation forbids discrimination in all areas of employer-employee relations?a.Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970b.Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 (moderate)c.Toxic Substance Control Act of 1976d.Child Safety Protection Act of 1994e.Family and Medical Leave Act of 199384.Which legislation grants unpaid leave for birth, adoption, or to care for serious illness?a.Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970b.Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972c.Toxic Substance Control Act of 1976d.Child Safety Protection Act of 1994e.Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (moderate)85.The impact of the aging workforce is an example of what general environmental fact