高中英语 语法冲刺 代词 (2).doc

代词 最新原创热身运动：1. byd wins an order for electric bus in us, _ other companies fail to get.a. it b. one c. that d. them2.the team, taking with _ six sniffer dogs and equipment needed for rescue efforts, also brought some emergency relief materials for the country.a. them b. it c. their d.its3. the headquarters said the chinese company plans to leave only 20 engineers at the station and send all _ staff home from nepal. a. the other b. other c. another d. others【答案揭晓】bba代词的定义 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。代词的分类 （一）人称、物主、反身代词1.you will want to share them with a friend.主格 宾格2.my grandma still treats me like a child.she cant imagineme grown up.宾格3.the group of the aged are close companions, and many of _them_ have known each other for decades.宾格（指代前面的 companions）4.i sent a wedding invitation to a friend，but unfortunately she couldnt attend my wedding ceremony.主格 主格（指代前面的a friend）5.our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt itself when it fell from its nest.宾格 反身代词（指代a bird）6.who called me this morning when i was out?a man calling himself robert.宾格 主格 反身代词（指代a man）7.you will find as you read this book that you just cant keep some of these stories to yourself.主格 主格 主格 反身代词8.would you mind my opening the window? 主格 形容词性物主代词9.his dictionary is much thicker than yours. 名词性物主代词（=形容词性物主代词+n. =your dictionary）【解析】数人称代词物主代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容性物主代词名词性物主代词单数第一人称我imemyminemyself第二人称你youyouyouryoursyourself第三人称他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself复数第一人称我们weusouroursourselves第二人称你们youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称他/她/它们theythemtheirtheirsthemselves （二）疑问代词1.-what is the man over there? - he is a doctor. 职业、地位2.-who is that man? - he is her husband. 姓名、身份3.whoever give you the book? 注：whatever, whichever, whoever 分别为what, whih,who的强调形式。 （三）指示代词1.shes very friendly, and that is why we all love her. 指代上文提过的人或事物（复数形式为those）2.you neednt do this its pretty easy.指代下文提过的人或事物（复数形式为these）3.every day, he got up early, walked about 20 miles to work and returned very late. such was his life. “就像这样”（如前所述的这样的人或者事物）4.-is it going to rain tomorrow? -i hope so. “如此、如是”（指代刚提过的想法.行动.品质.情况等）5.i bought a new car three days ago, but soon sold the same. 指代刚提过的同一个人或者事物（四）不定代词1.“两者”（1）which of the two computer games did you prefer? actually i didnt likeeither of them. 两者任一 （2）it was hard for him to learn english in a family，in which neither of the parents spoke the language. 两者都不 （3）to know more about the british museum， you can use the internet or go to the library，or both.两者都 2.“三者或三者以上”（1）which of the three ways shall i take to the village? each way as you please. 任一（强调三个或以上整体中的单个）every student has to take the examination.每一（强调三个或以上整体中的全体）jane was asked a lot of questions, and she could answer any of them. 任何一个（用于肯定句中表示三者或以上中的任何一个）（2）how do you find your new classmates?most of them are kind，but none is so good to me as bruce. 全没（指人，三者或以上）of all the books on the desk，none is of any use for our study.全没（指物，三者或以上） 3.-thing1) jim sold most of his things.he has hardly anything left in the house. 全无(否定词+anything=nothing)2）make sure youve got the passports and tickets and everything before you leave. and everything“以及其他等等”（=and so on; and other similar things）3) the book is of great value.nothing can be enjoyed unless you digest it. 全无（只能指物） 4）he realized right away that there was something wrong某物，某事(指事物.情况.事件.想法等)4.-one(1） the mayor has offered a reward of $5，000 toanyone who can capture the tiger alive or dead.任何人，随便哪个人（用于肯定句中表强调； 用于否定、疑问句中则是替代someone）(2）i dont think weve met before.youre taking me forsomeone else. 某人（不确定人物）(3）a. first，it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone elseb. victor certainly cares too much about himself.yes.hes never interested in what anyone elseis doing. 其他的，别的（常用于what等疑问词及anywhere，someone，everyone,anyone等不定代词后）5. other（1) i felt so bad all day yesterday that i decided this morning i couldnt face _another_ day like that. 另外一个（三者或以上）（2) no progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of the other 另一个/其余（总共只有两个或两部分） （3) 一would you like to go and watch a tennis match this weekend with us? 一im sorry，but ive got other plans 其他一些（全部当中的某一部分, other+n.=others）（4) the young athlete soon left the others far behind. 其他所有（即剩下的全部）6.one (ones), that(those), it（1) one of the most important questions they had to consider was that of public health (相当于the question- the+可数名词单数)（2)nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _that_ of their parents. （相当于the approach- the+可数名词单数）（3) the information on the internet gets around much more rapidly than that in the newspaper.（相当于the information- the+不可数名词）（4) to some people life is enjoyable，while to_those_it is suffering（相当于the people-the+ 可数名词复数）（5) i like this house with a beautiful garden in front. but i dont have enough money to buy one . 一个（相当于a house with a beautiful garden-a+ 可数名词单数）（6) boldts breaking the world record of 100-meter race was an exciting moment, _one all of us will never forget. 一个（相当于an exciteing moment-a+ 可数名词单数）（7) my most famous relative of all，the one who really left his mark on america，was reb sussel，my great-grandfather. （特指）那个（相当于the relative）（8) . cars do cause us some health problemsin fact far more serious ones than mobile phones do.（泛指）一些（相当于problems-可数名词复数）（9) there is still a copy of the book in the library.will you go and borrow it? 它（和上文提到的是同一事物-同类同物）no，id rather buy one in the bookstore.（泛指）一个（相当于a copy of the book-a+ 可数名词单数） （五）it的用法1.when was that?it was in 2000 when he was still in college. 指代时间( 距离、温度、天气等)2.he didnt makeit clear when and where the meeting would be held. 形式宾语（指代后面的宾语从句，或者动名词、不定式） he found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.3. it is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy. 形式主语（指代后面如that引导的主语从句，或者动名词、不定式） it is no use trying to persuade him.4. the doctor advised vera strongly that she should take a holiday，but it didnt help. 指代前面所提到过的事情（the doctor advised.）5.have you heard the latest news?.no，what is it? 指代前面所提到过的事物（the lastest news）6.i dont mind her criticizing me， but it is how she does it that i object to. 用于强调句式中7.who is that? - its me. 指代不明性别的人物或者婴儿（六）部分否定1. hows your work? 一 everything isnt getting along wellwe meet with big difficulties sometimes. 并非所有事情（=not everything is getting along well, 全部否定得用nothing）2. not all the students are really concerned about the latest news.并非所有的（=all the students are not really concerned., 全部否定用none of the students）3.i havent read both of his books, but judging from the one i have read, i think hell make a very promising writer. 没有两本都读（=i have not read both of., 全部否定用neither）【解析】1.all, both, everybody, everything 以及“every+名词”的合成词都表示全部肯定。 2.not+ all, both, everybody, everything 以及“every+名词” （+not）-都表示部分否定。（无论not位置在前还是在后） 3.no one, none, nobody, nothing, not.any以及“no+名词”都表示 全部否定。（七）某些代词的习惯搭配1 .the so-called golden-collar generation are essentially nothing but brain-workers with high income.只有， 只不过； 无非（=only）2.the actress laugh in the play was anything but natural; it was simply theatrical.根本不(=not at all)3.that must be somebody（someone）from the ministry of education. 重要人物 4.she rescued three children from a fire or something. 之类的事代词的解题技巧关键词：找找我代词的主要功能是指代名词，因此做代词题目的关键在于找到它在前面或者后面所指代的名词，并选择相应的代词。例如：yesterday i had a word with the ceo of the company, _ who used to teach at beijing university.a. one b.that c.the one d.it【解析】此题中，根据句意，不难找出代词所指代的是上文的the ceo, 根据四个选项代词的用法，推断出正确答案为c。代词的经典考题1. larry asks bill and peter to go on a picnic with him, but _ of them wants to, because they have work to do.a. either b. any c. neither d. none2. sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.a. herself b. this c. that d. it3. many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _.a. some b. less c. much d. more4. when he took his gloves off, i noticed that _ one had his name written inside. a. each b. every c. other d. another5