高中英语 语法冲刺 英语句子的类型 (2).doc

英语句子的类型一、.简单句1. according to scientists, our mental abilities declined from the age of 27. s+ v （主+谓）2.the harry potter books are quite popular s+ v+ p (主+系+表)3.sarah looked at the finished painting with a satisfaction. s+ v+ o （主+谓+宾）4.the company promised us a bonus this year. s+ v+ o+ o （主+谓+间宾+直宾）5.we must keep our school clean s+ v+ o+ c （主+谓+宾+宾补）二、.并列句 and, but, or,while等1.weve had a good start, but next, more work needs to be done to achieve the final success.2.he had plenty of money and he spent it freely.3.you have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.4. i am doing some dishes, while my brother is watching tv.三、.复合句：（一）名词从句（宾，主，表，同）1. jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. 宾语从句 2. his daughter is quite different from what she was five years ago. 宾语从句3. we find it difficult that we should finish the work on time. 形式宾语 宾语从句4. it doesnt matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing；both roads lead to the park.形式主语 主语从句5. what i am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. 主语从句6. your future is in your hands. your life is what you make of it. 表语从句7. there is much truth in the idea that kindness is usually served by frankness. 同位语从句 （二） 副词从句（状语从句）1. i dont believe weve met before, although i must say you do look familiar. 让步状语从句2. this restaurant wasnt half as good as that other restaurant we went to. 比较状语从句3. i had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 时间状语从句 （三）形容词从句（定语从句）1. that evening, which i will tell you more about later, i ended up working very late. 定语从句修饰that evening2. have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from whom you received gifts? 定语从句修饰the relatives3. i wish to thank professor smith, without whose help i would never have got this far. 定语从句修饰professor smith4. we live in an agewhen more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 定语从句修饰an age英语句子的成分和句式结构的实战列举 学习和掌握英语句子的成分和句式结构有利于我们更好地理解句子的意思，特别是长句；从另一个方面来看，也有利于我们写出更准确更多样化的句子，从而提高我们长句分析能力和写作能力，突破阅读和写作的瓶颈。 1.长句分析we promise (_) attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 定语（修饰chance) 定语（修饰photo) a.whob. whom c. whoever d. whomever 【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是 promise sb sth“向某人承诺某事”。本句指的是我们答应参加聚会的人，让他们有何电影明星合影的机会，不定式做 chance 的定语。句中的宾语为“参加聚会的人”是一个从句，故选c。whoever=anyone who 引导宾语从句，所以划分句子成分非常关键。 i was growing up in kuala lumpur in the early 1960s, （_ ）children from different races and 主语 谓语 状语 定语（修饰 the early 1960s）religions played and studied together in harmony.a. why b. which c. how d. when 【解析】本句考查定语从句，先行词是“20世纪 60年代”，所以用 when，相当于in/during which。my kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car broke down, 主语 谓语 宾语 主语 系动词 表语（从句） and i was stuck by the highway for an hour before someone stopped to help. 表语（从句） 状语 状语（从句）what made “i” finally think of getting a cell phone? （福建，2013）being stuck by the highway. b. being urged by his grandkids. c. being persuaded by cell phone salespersons. d. being attracted by the friendly return policy. 【解析】细节理解题。根据对上句的成分结构的分析，可以帮助理解此句的意思为：“我的孩子一直烦着我要买把手机，而最终促使我去做这件事的是我的车坏在公路上，而且被困在那里好几个小时才有人停下来帮我修车。” 可知答案为 a 项。 2.书面表达句式多样化 “胖”句子：在句子结构中的主要成分上，适当地加上次要成分，能充实句子，让句子体现作者较高的修辞意识。【精彩呈现】he was sleeping. he was sleeping in class. (添加状语） he was sleeping in the english class.(添加定语） he was sleeping soundly in the english class.(添加状语） he is sleeping soundly in the english class when the teacher calls his name.(添加when 连接的简单句） he, who attended his friends birthday party till midnight yesterday, was sleeping soundly in the english class when the teacher called his name. (添加who引导的定语从句） 注：句子扩写时有一点非常关键的，就是要划清句子的主要成分，并弄清单词的词性。 【即时演练】john has been playing computer games.（让句子胖起来） 【参考答案】：john has been playing computer games in the study since he came back from school, angering his parents. “瘦”句子：同样把句子简化下来，也能起到意想不到的美化句子的效果。 【精彩呈现】a: as he was tired and hungry, the boy was unwilling to move on. tired and hungry, the boy was unwilling to move on. b: mary came late, which made her teacher angry. marys coming late ma