高考完形填空解题技巧.doc

学凤姐，找自信；提高一分，干掉千人！专题二： 完形填空解题技巧 Hu Jiubao 一 考纲解读： 共20题，每小题1.5分，在一篇200250词的短文中留出20个空白，从所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。二 高考命题趋势及命题特点:近五年高考考查内容：年份内 容体 裁07女孩教小天鹅飞翔的感人故事记叙文08我当服务员误把老人的助步器当放盘子的地方的故事记叙文09金银岛故事的创作如何创作的记叙文10一位80多岁的老人5年来坚持和已认不出他的妻子吃早饭，告诉我们真爱就是包容一切夹叙夹议11一位女士第一次上科学课，揭示出教育的弊端记叙文今年的体裁可能是：_1. 以叙为主, 叙议结合; 2. 篇章短小, 意义完整;3. 首句完整, 主题明确; 4. 结构清晰, 层次分明;5. 考查语境, 侧重辨析; 6. 实词为主, 虚词为辅;7. 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇; 8. 常识语法, 每年出现。三 完型填空能力训练目标：1.词语辨析能力 2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力 4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力 6.作者意图剖析能力7.生活常识综合运用能力四 做题三步法方法：五 解题策略一）、利用首句来解题。根据全文来选择二）、根据逻辑推理解题三）、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择四）、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题五）、从语法角度来解题六）、同义近义复现来解题七）、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题八）、从词语辨析的角度来解题九）、利用语篇标志解题1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）句式结构：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。考点：（以下条件缺一不可）考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系，空前后必须是独立的句子；出题位置在两个句子之间或第二个句子的开头，不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间；选项中必须要有对立关系的词。3、找AND题（在原文中找and）考点：and前后选同义词，词性一致；and前后选同一范围词；and前后句子对应成分相同；在文章中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。一）、 I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14 he said, “Youre never going to be anything but a failure. ”A. brightB. useless C. simple D. hopeful二）、 Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 37.A. strictB. honest C. special D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praisePractice： His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker三）、 常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, whats more, further;转折关系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. importantLiumei is among the _22_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship - HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. 22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. Some of us like _2_ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. 2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar四）、 and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange_quite pleasant taste.A. besides B. but C. and D. or 五）、 The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert. Adry Bdistant Cdeserted Dwild 六）、 I went into a caf and asked for a coffee . 21I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). ABefore BSince CAlthough DWhileHave you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut?23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。七）、 1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming_1_.So he shouldnt have gone into that place. 1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all八）、 When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D. ran to 九）、 I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can _7_ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a _8_ of friends keep you lively. Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. 7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety六、考生易失分之处：1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。做题三忌：v 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。v 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。v 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。七、完形填空顺口溜完形填空本不难， 把握主旨最关键。 考题在手先别忙， 急于做题太慌乱。 从头到尾读全文， 空格暂且放一边。 脑中形成一幅画， 紧扣中心不走偏。 纵使有误也正常， 不会连错一大片。 若不清楚重来过， 这样不算费时间。 毕竟目标在高分， 符合正确效率观。 若未读懂全靠蒙， 糊里糊涂全完蛋。 首句特别要重视， 信息丰富莫小看。 八、真题实战演练（2011全国新课标卷）完形填空1 本文大意： 2 每小题属于以上方法中哪种？ In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory_36_（同义复现）course about 20 years ago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education） The professor _37_the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students to _38_（同义复现）how many beans the jar contained. After _39_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the _40_ answer,（与前面wrong 相对应）and went on saying, ”You have just _41_an important lesson about science. That is: Never_42_ your own senses.” Twenty years later, the _43_（上文提到的人物）could guess what the professor had in mind. He _44_himself, perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting _45_(概括的是答案)into an unknown world invisible（无形的）to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through scientific 47 .But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or顺接关系）even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world. And she 50 that her first hand experience could be the 51 .The professor, however, 与小女孩的观点相反的said that it was 52（与51相对）.he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and 54 ,”（找and）the women says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I havent gone near science since.”（找否定词）36A. artB. historyC. scienceD. math37A. searched fo B. looked atC. got throughD. marched into38A. countB. guessC. reportD. watch39A. warningB. givingC. turning awayD. listening to40A. readyB. possibleC. correctD. difficult41A. learnedB. preparedC. taughtD. taken42A. loseB. trustC. sharpenD. show43A. lecturerB. scientistC. speakerD. woman44A. describedB. respectedC. sawD. served45A. voyageB. movementC. changeD. rush46. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light47. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods48. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse49. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting50. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained51. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth52. A. firm B. interestingC. wrong D. acceptable53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave55. A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed高考英语完型填空实战演练一 Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.Although the cat doesnt this, its body is getting ready for action.If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. 18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isnt always 24 to express your feelings freely.Does this mean that its smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, dont just 29 . Its like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 youd smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, youd 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. Theyd be rotten.You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they dont exist, but theyll still be 34 . And at last youll have to 35 th