吴青论文：高考英语语法考点整理.doc

高考英语语法考点整理吴青词 法冠词、不定冠词要点： 对于the与a, an的理解（弄请“特指”与“泛指”） 牢记常见固定搭配（词组 / 短语） 牢记只能用the或只能用零冠词的几种情况例题：1. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _ leg.（2001年）A. aB. oneC. the D. his2. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word information.（2002年）A. /B. theC. a D. one3. I earn 10 dollars _ hour as _ supermarket cashier on Sundays.（2003年）A. a, anB. the, aC. an, a D. an, the名 词要点： 常用的修饰名词，表示名词数量的词组辨析 一些常见名词的不规则单复数变化 名词的所有格 (s / of) 及双重所有格 (of +s) 名词的单复数与谓语的关系 名词修饰名词例题：1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. （2001年）A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have2. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them. （2003年）A. large amount ofB. masses of C. the number of D. many of代 词要点： 人称代词（主格 / 宾格）、物主代词、反身代词 指示代词（it, that, this）的用法 it的用法：指代上文中的物或事；用作表示年份、时间、季节、气候的主语；用作形式主语或形式宾语 that 在同类事物的比较句中的用法 不定代词： another, other(s), the others both, either, neither, all, none one, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little each, every 复合不定代词：（与形容词的位置关系）-thing, -one, -body例题：1. Both team were in hard training; _ was willing to lose the game. （2001年） A. eitherB. neitherC. anotherD. the other2. Shanghai is really a nice city and we decided to stay for _ two weeks. （2003年）A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. others3. I had to buy _ these books since I didnt know which one was the best. （2004年）A. both B. noneC. neither D. all4. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _. （2005年）A. eitherB. the otherC. othersD. another数 词要点： 分数、时间、编码的用法 hundred, thousand, million, billion, score, dozen + s + of表示数量多 表示数量单位的词作定语的用法形容词副词要点： 形容词在句中的位置（前置定语 / 后置定语 / 表语） 多个形容词的排序 形容词与副词的转换（-ly） 副词在句中的位置（动词的前后） 常用程度副词的辨析：very, much, (by)far, quite, rather, fairly, too, so, such, enough, badly, much too, almost, nearly, hardly, that, this 形容词与副词的比较级与最高级： 不规则变化； 比较级的修饰词； 降级比较； 比较级表示最高级；asas的用法（倍数的位置）； the morethe more的用法；no+比较级+than与not+比较级+than的用法辨析例题：1. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the farther we go, _. （2001年）A. our holiday will be betterB. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will beD. the better will our holiday be2. As I know, there is _ car in this neighborhood. （2001年）A. no suchB. no aC. not suchD. no such a3. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _. （2002年）A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life4. The house rent is expensive. I have got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _ here. （2003年）A. as three times muchB. as much three timesC. much as three timesD. three times as much5. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _ a native speaker. （2004年）A. as fluent asB. more fluent thanC. so fluently asD. much fluently than6. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _ Great Britain. （2005年）A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of动 词要点： 连系动词的语法功能：（+表语） 延续动词和瞬间动词的转化 情态动词的用法：can, may, must, need, dare, shall, should, ought to 情态动词+have done的用法 动词的时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时） 动词的语态：（注意：用主动表被动的情况）动词虚拟语气例题：1. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _. （2001年）A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would survive D. will survive2. Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation? It _. （2002年）A. is all dependedB. all dependsC. is all depending D. all depend3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. （2002年）A. will graduateB. will have graduatedC. graduates D. is to graduate4. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. （2002年）A. is to blameB. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame5. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he _it. （2003年）A. doesnt mentionB. hadnt mentionedC. didnt mentionD. hasnt mentioned6. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power _ increased enormously ever since. （2004年）A. is B. was C. has been D. had been7. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _ to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004年）A. persuade B. will persuadeC. be persuaded D. are persuaded8. More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year. （2005年）A. sentB. were sentC. had sent D. had been sent 非谓语动词的用法： 理解非谓语的概念、基本形态（doing, done, to do）及时态变化 非谓语动词做主语（it做形式主语；动名词的复合结构） 非谓语动词做表语 非谓语动词做宾语（it做形式宾语；部分动词+doing与+to do的辨析；动名词的复合结构；动词不定式做宾语时的省略） 非谓语动词做宾语补足语（动词不定式做部分动词的宾补时“to”的省略以及在被动句中“to”的还原） 非谓语动词做定语（-ing和-ed分词的辨析） 非谓语动词做状语（分词结构的逻辑主语和主句的逻辑主语一致）例题：1. The bell _ the end of the class rang, _ our heated discussion. （2001年）A. indicating, interruptingB. indicated, interruptingC. indicating, interruptedD. indicated, interrupted2. Finding her car stolen, _. （2001年）A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help3. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island. （2001年）A. to have had timeB. having time C. to have time D. to having time4. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. （2001年）A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also pleases him5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _ their products more competitive. （2002年）A. to makeB. makingC. to have made D. having made6. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster _if a mirror was broken. （2002年）A. was sure of strikingB. was sure of having struckC. was sure to be struckD. was sure to strike7. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. （2002年）A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lacking D. lacked in8. Dont use words, expressions or phrases_only to people with specific knowledge. （2002年）A. being knownB. having knownC. to be known D. known9. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. （2002年）A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed10. The discovery of new evidence led to _. （2003年）A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught11. Generally speaking, when _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. （2003年）A. takingB. takenC. to take D. to be taken12. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _ clear warning before firing any shots. （2003年）A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issued D. to be issued13. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need _. （2003年）A. that, to be improvedB. which, to be improvedC. where, improvingD. when, improving14. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _ TV. （2004年）A. to watch B. to watchingC. watching D. watch15. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. （2004年）A. causingB. being causedC. to be caused D. be have caused16. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （2004年）A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt17. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party. （2004年）A. recorded B. recording C. to be recordedD. having recorded18. Having been attacked by terrorists, _. （2004年）A. doctors cane to their rescueB. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists19. English has large vocabulary, hasnt it?Yes, _ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004年）A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known20. He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. （2005年）A. to loseB. losingC. to be lost D. being lost21. _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. （2005年）A. PutB. Putting C. Having put D. Being put22. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars. （2005年）A. hadB. having C. to have D. have23. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. （2005年）A. takingB. takenC. having taken D. being taken24. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch. （2005年）A. sittingB. having sat C. to sit D. sat介 词要点： 牢记固定的介词词组 准确把握重要介词的用法 辨析意义相近的介词例题：1. The sunlight came in _ the windows in the roof and lit up the room. （2001年）A. throughB. acrossC. onD. over2. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _ an inch. （2002年）A. byB. atC. toD. from3. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area. （2003年）A. inB. onC. atD. with4. The accident is reported to have occurred _ the first Sunday in February. （2004年）A. at B. on C. in D. to5. John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _ the beginning of March. 05 （2005年）A. onB. forC. withD. at词法巩固练习1. We elected him _ headmaster of the school for _ second time.A. /, aB. the, aC. the, /D. /, /2. The size of the generation gap seems to be spreading with _ rapid changes in technology, in education, in transportation and in communication that are taking place all over _ globe. A. the, the B. the, /C. /, /D. /, the3. Mr. White is studying _ science of sound day and night. Ive never seen _more diligent person like him.A. /, theB. the, theC. a, aD. the, a4. What do you think of the _ that Mrs. Smith bought last month?A. sport carB. sports carC. cars sportD. cars sports5. My sister had beautiful black long _ but I could see some white _.A. hairs, hair B. hair, hairsC. hairs, hairsD. hair, hair6. _ of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life.A. Certain quantity B. A large number C. Some amount D. A good amount7. You will at best be able to read only a few of all the books and _you do read should include the best.A. very few B. a few C. the few D. few 8. With Chinas accession into the WTO, we are facing a good opportunity, _ will lead to our prosperity.A. one B. it C. the one D. that9. I would appreciate _ very much if you could give me some suggestions. A. this B. that C. it D. you10. You will find as you read fiats book that you just cant keep some of these stones to _. You will want to share them with a friend. A. itself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves 11.The culture and customs of America are more like _ of England than of any other country.A. thoseB. thatC. what D. one12. Some scholars suggest that Shakespeares plays were, in fact, written by Bacon or Oxford or _ who preferred to remain unknown as a play writer.A. anyone elseB. someone elseC. another one D. the others13. I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days? A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others 14. Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _hes done for you.A. something B. anything C. all D. that15. Shortly after the accident, two _ police were sent to the spot to keep order. A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of16. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _ movie could not hold our attention.A. three-hours B. three-hour C. three-hours D. three-hours17. I am glad to say that hes already finished _ 50% of the book within 3 days.A. no less thanB. no more thanC. much less than D. not more than18. _ your job is from manual work, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking.A. The greater awayB. The farther C. More away D. The further away19. The report said that from 2006 to 2015, Americans would pay _ $1.1 trillion more under the alternative minimum tax, partly as a result of the Bush tax cuts (减税). A. so many as B. as much as C. as many as D. so much as20. In my opinion, he is _ the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets. A. quiteB. by farC. very D. rather21. He is wearing _ shoes today, which is quite unusual. A. Italian black leather B. black Italian leather C. black leather Italian D. leather Italian black22. We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _.A. well; well B. bad; bad C. well; badly D. badly; bad23. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall24. The little girl _ dance before so many guests, dare she?A. doesnt dare to B. darent doesC. dares not D. darent25. How do you like the glasses? This kind of glasses made by experienced workers_ comfortably.A. is worn B. wear C. wears D. are worn26. The growth of part time and flexible working patterns, and of trainingand retraining schemes, _ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A. have allowed B. allow C. allowing D. allows27. Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _ by about 10%.A. will have risen B. has risen C. has been risen D. will be rising28. Harry Potter, _ the power of magic, is certainly the hero of many small kids.A. possessingB. possessedC. to possess D. having possessed29. The speech which he made _ the project has bothered me greatly.A. being concernedB. concernedC. be concerned D. concerning30. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_trouble.A. making B. to make C. to have made D. having made31. _ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A. The girl was educated B. The girl educatedC. The girls being educated D. The girl to be educated32. _from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separatedC. Having been separated D. To be separated33. That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _ the police.A. called in B. calling in C. call in D. to call in34. Theyre going to have the serviceman _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed35. Considered as a candidate for the post of school principal, _. A. one must have at least ten years of teaching experience B. ten years of teaching experience is required C. the experience of teaching for ten years is a must D. and one must have at least ten years of teaching experience36. _ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A. Believe B. To believe C. Believing D. Believed37. To his surprise, all the universities he applied _ last year accepted his application.A. for B. into C. to D. by38. All _ a mans life, from birth to dearth, he must be supplied _ energy.A. through, withB. in, forC. with, withD. through, to39. Despite the economic impact of Hurricane (飓风) Katrina, the Federal Reserve (美联储) has once again raised interest rates _ a quarter point.A. by B. for C. to D. at40. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the bodys need for itfrom natural sources without turning _ the salt bottle.A. up B. to C. on D. over句 法 句 型要点： 感叹句（区别what与how） 反意疑问句：（注意宾语从句的反意疑问句） 强调句：It + 被强调部分 + that + 从句 倒装句：（牢记必须使用倒装的情况） 并列句：（转折、因果、联合、选择） 转折：but, yet, however, while 因果：for, so, therefore 联合：and, not only