安徽省黄山市2016届高三第一次质量检测英语试题

中小学个性化辅导专家安徽省黄山市2016高三第一次教学质量检测英语试题（考试时间：120分钟满分:150分）第I卷 本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A.、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ADo you often feel tired in the morning even though youve been in bed for seven or eight hours the night before? Like many people, you are not sleeping as much as you think you are. In other words, your sleep efficiency is not that good.Sleep experts define “sleep efficiency” as the percentage of time lying down that you are actually sleeping. According to journalism website V, the science of sleep efficiency is still young. There is no specific number for efficiency thats been proven as linked to poor health. However, according to a New York Times report about sleep quality, some experts estimate a rough range of 85 percent or above as a reasonable place to be. Therefore, some tips for improving sleep efficiency are as follows: Keep a consistent（一致的） sleep schedule Go to bed and wake up at the same time, or relatively the same time, every day. Consistency is key to a good nights sleep, especially when it comes to waking up. When you have a consistent wake-up time, your brain adapts to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparation for you to feel rested and alert at your wakeup time.Avoid blue light at nightBlue light given off by the screens of computers, iPads and smartphones makes you feel more alert. Blue light tells your brain its daytime. Experts suggest turning off your computers and smartphones 1 hour or at least 30 minutes before bed. Take napsIf you arent getting enough sleep at night, youre likely going to feel a strong desire to sleep in the afternoon. When this happens, youre better off taking a short nap than turning to caffeine or strong tea to keep you awake. A short nap will give you the rest you need to get through the rest of the afternoon, and youll sleep much better in the evening. 21. According to the passage, we can learn that sleep efficiency .A. is an advanced way to measure sleep qualityB. has close relationship with the state of health C. is decided by the time you are lying in bed D. can be greatly improved with certain measures taken22. Which of the following may contribute to a better sleep in the evening? A. Taking a long afternoon nap. B. Sleeping for a while in the daytime.C. Having a fixed go-to-bed time. D. Avoiding blue light in the evening. 23. What can we infer from the passage？ A. Enough sleep will lead to a changeable wake-up time. B. Blue light will affect the sleep due to its harm to the brains. C. Waking up two hours before the body clocks means good sleep efficiency. D. 90% for sleep efficiency can possibly mean a quite good sleep state.24. What will be the best title of the passage? A. Schedule your bedtime. B. Sleep well to be well. C. Ensure long sleeping hours.D. Know more about your sleep.B The year 2014, for the world, was a year seeing transformation, conflicts, disease and instability. Together, lets look back on some major events that influenced and rocked the world. Ebola outbreak Ebolas an infectious（传染的） disease that causes fever, bleeding and even death and requires the entire world to act. It first broke out in African country of Guinea in February 2014 and quickly spread to other West African countries and even to the US and Europe. So far, the virus has claimed about 7,000 lives. Facing the virus, the international community showed a united front by sending in supplies and medical workers. Hundreds of doctors and nurses died for saving lives in West Africa. US police killings Police killings of unarmed blacks have caused nationwide protests and drawn new attention to racial tensions and the problem of how to carry out the law. An unarmed black man, 43-year-old Eric Garner, was killed by a white officer in New York in July. In August, another white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, shot dead unarmed 18-year-old Michael Brown. In late 2014, local grand juries（大陪审团） decided not to charge the officers, which led to nationwide protests. APEC blue “APEC blue” became a popular word after clear blue skies appeared due to pollution control measures during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meetings held in Beijing in November, reflecting the governments efforts to reduce pollution and publics desire for clean air. During the APEC meetings, Beijing and its surrounding regions took temporary measures to cut emissions （排放） such as limiting car use. Crisis （危机） in UkraineIt started in November 2013, when then Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych stopped talks on a political and trade deal with the EU, saying Ukraine will strengthen ties with Russia. The decision led to massive protests. Then, pro-Russian officials (officials who are for Russia) in Crimea, which is in eastern Ukraine, declared independence and decided to join Russia. Later, pro-Russian rebels(反叛者) in other parts of Eastern Ukraine began to have conflicts with Ukrainian government forces. The west responded with punishment against Russia, which, coupled with falling oil prices, has dealt a blow to Russian economy. 25. Ebola has caused many deaths due to _. A. its outbreak in a poor African country B. its infection and quick spread C. little action taken from the entire world D. no obvious symptoms following26. The popularity of the term “APEC blue” shows _. A. the public want more governments measures to regain blue skies B. Chinese governments determined to fight against air pollutionC. APEC has made great contribution to the world pollution reduction D. permanent actions should be taken to reduce vehicle emissions27. Which of the following is TRUE?A. China took tough measures to stop pollution during the APEC meetings.B. In the USA, nationwide protests were caused by the police killings.C. Hundreds of doctors and nurses died when saving Ebola patients in Africa.D. The west made use of Crisis in Ukraine to propose punishment for Russia. CThe human population of Sri Lanka is now believed to be over 20 million. As a result, large areas of trees are being turned into farmland, highways are being built over centuries-old elephant migration routes, and elephants are being driven out of their habitats. This change causes turmoil, resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans. The good news is that there is one place called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH) in Udawalawe National Park, the main purpose of which is to protect and care for baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild. A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park, eating growing grass and forming a herd. The ETH spends almost $125,000 each year on powered milk for these baby animals. To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster（领养）parent program. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant. While some foster parents are too far away to visit the baby elephant being cared for at the ETH, local schoolchildren play an important part in the program. Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.Now visitors are not encouraged to get close to the elephants. The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be sent back into its natural habitat. The elephants are often set free together with other animals with whom they have close relationships. This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other. 28. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. A condition of harmony. B. A phenomenon of pollution.C. A state of disorder. D. A feeling of confusion.29. According to the passage, the elephants at the ETH _. A. are taken care of by different meansB. dont get along well with other animals C. mainly live on coconut leavesD. are fed separately all the time30. As a foster parent at the ETH, you can _. A. take photos with the elephantB. give the elephant you care for a name C. take the elephant home for better careD. visit Udawalawe National Park free of charge31. The last paragraph mainly deals with _ at the ETH.A. the process of raising a young elephantB. the life of the baby elephants C. the future of the elephantsD. the requirements for being a foster parent DCan you change your personality significantly? For example, if you are shy, can you turn yourself into an outgoing person who never gets stage fright when speaking in public? Its certainly not easy, but experts say it is possible.First of all, you will never stay the same person. The Times reports several research studies conducted over the past few years show a persons personality naturally changes over time in response to life events such as entering a committed relationship or advancing in the career. From the ages of 20 to 65, people report increases in positive characteristics. Most people tend to become more agreeable, more responsible, more emotionally stable. Their personalities improve as they mature.When researchers talk about “personality”, they mean “characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that is consistent over time and across situations,” says Christopher Soto, a research psychologist in Britain, who also mentioned that personality is about 50 percent born and 50 percent learned.Psychologists usually divide human personality into 5 models: openness, conscientiousness（尽责）, agreeableness, neuroticism（神经质）and outgoingness. Some personality types are more successful than others. Accordingly, even small changes in a persons personality can produce important effects on relationships, career, health and happiness. But change takes time. And people need to start by changing the behavior and then, if that new behavior can be maintained over time, it gets settled. Where do we start? “First, we have to recognize which pieces of our personality affect us,” says Richard Levak, a well-known personality expert. “If I am always getting fired because I get into arguments with co-workers, and always blame others, then I have to realize that I have to change something.”“Dont set your expectations too high. Be patient. Its important to start small.” Warren Kennaugh, a behavioral expert in Australia says. “You also should let a friend or relative know what youre doing. Not only can they be supportive, but a change for you can also mean a change for them.”32. We can learn from the 2nd and 3rd paragraphs that _. A. a small part of ones personality is born with them B. personality changes significantly in childhoodC. personality can be changed because of life events D. positive personality changes take place before 65 33. The underlined part means that to your friends or relatives, _. A. your personality change will not be successful without their support B. they should be told beforehand to prepare for your personality change C. your personality change will be a model for them to follow D. they may change their personality in the same way you do34. According to the passage, personality change needs _. a. proper time b. appropriate self-awareness c. strong determination d. high expectations A. a, b B. b, c C. a, d D. d, c35. Whats the tone of the passage? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Humorous. D. Objective.第二节 七选五 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine what you could do with a machine that could make things disappear.36 In the books of J.R.R. Tolkein, Bilbo Baggins finds a ring that can make him disappear. Of course, theres also poor Harry Potter, who used his invisibility cloak (隐形斗篷)to hide from danger. Now that youve got some ideas, its time for the hard part: building the cloak. 37 An invisibility cloak has to cheat anything or anyone who might be watching. In order to understand how something can be seen, its important to understand how we see. Human beings can only see objects that reflect light waves. These waves enter the eyes and are then processed by the brain. However, if an object doesnt reflect light, then the waves dont enter the eyes, and the brain doesnt process. 38 Cummer was part of a team of scientists from Duke University, including David Smith and David Schurig, who built the worlds first version of an invisibility cloak. 39 He in May said that an invisibility cloak was possible and Pendry was not the only one thinking about a disappearing act. At the same time, a Scottish physicist, Ulf Leonhardt published a paper on building invisibility equipment.“It wasnt easy,” says Cummer. “As often happens in science and research, it didnt work very well the first time. That first cloak didnt work like Harry Potters 40 So the research is still under way.”A. Would you like an invisibility cloak that works just like the one Harry Potter got from his father?B. The scientists didnt actually see anything disappear.C. So building an invisibility cloak is building something that doesnt reflect light.D. Researchers in England and the USA have found the materials to build such a cloak.E. They had been inspired by the work of a British physicist, John Pendry. F. For inspiration, you could read some books.G. To do that, you have to give up science fiction and turn to real science. 第一节 完型填空 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Thanksgiving is on the fourth Thursday in November every year. It is about family 41 , big dinners and being thankful for the things you have.For me, Thanksgiving is about 42 . Its about the warm feelings coming up in your spirit when you see your family. Its about the warmth of the holiday season, which 43 a wall against the bitter cold weather that 44 much of the US this time of year. Its about the warmth of the burning wood 45 in the fireplace, and the warmth of the first 46 of Thanksgiving dinner. Mom prepares all my favorite foods on Thanksgiving. The dinner table sits 47 under the weight of plates of roast turkey, golden macaroni and cheese, expertly cooked greens, and hot cornbread. Its a lot, and each year Im 48 at how she manages to put everything together. The first, most 49 meal begins once all the food is ready. Everyone sits around the table, a prayer 50 , and our glasses filled with wine. While eating, we go around the table to take 51 to talk about what were thankful for this year. Talking is quite a(n) 52 when your mouth is full of delicious food. 53 everyone has eaten their first meal, second, third and even fourth are offered on a first-come-first-served 54 . After finishing eating at our home, believe it or not, we sometimes go to my aunts to 55 eating and meeting with family. Football is another 56 part of Thanksgiving, and my aunts family loves the sport. By the end of the day, everyone is fat and happy. Weve all eaten so much that we can 57 move. The 58 of the holiday begin to fade, and our minds and hearts begin to 59 Christmas, the next time well have a 60 to celebrate each other. 41. A. reliefB. releaseC. receptionD. reunion42. A. warmthB. holidayC. appreciationD. celebration43. A. consists ofB. serves asC. refers toD. breaks down44. A. entertainsB. damagesC. envelopesD. witnesses45. A. shiningB. pausingC. accompanyingD. resting46. A. biteB. dishC. guestD. present47. A. shallowB. stillC. specialD. heavy48. A. interestedB. opposedC. amazedD. ashamed49. A. regularB. normalC. commonD. formal 50. A. performedB. offeredC. carriedD. tested51. A. dutiesB. turnsC. stepsD. honors52. A. challengeB. enjoymentC. embarrassmentD. pleasure53. A. SoB. BeforeC. OnceD. Unless54. A. reasonB. approachC. principleD. attitude55. A. continueB. enjoyC. participateD. consider56. A. keyB. ancientC. vagueD. casual57. A. hardlyB. nearlyC. merelyD. promptly58. A. memoriesB. touchesC. viewsD. smells59. A. set onB. set upC. set offD. set out60. A. desireB. sceneC. chanceD. reason第II 卷第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The date of birth may affect ones chance to climb up to the topmost position in future career, a Canadian study shows. The study is based on 61 sample of 375 CEOs.The study found that only 6.13 percent and 5.87 percent of the CEOs 62 (bear) in June and July. By comparison, people born in March and April represented 12.53 percent and 10.67 percent of the sample, it said. Professor Maurice Levi said their 63 (find) indicate that summer babies are 64 (likely)