高考英语二轮专题复习 单项填空 时态和语态提分训练（真题集锦含解析）新人教版(1).doc

时态和语态1.(2010山东卷t30)up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.a. would save b. savesc. had saved d. has saved2. (2010全国卷t21)have you finished reading jane eyre?no , i _ my homework all day yesterday.a. was doing b. would do c. had done d. do3.(2010全国卷it28)when you are home，give a call to let me know you _safelya. are arriving b. have arrivedc. had arrived d. will arrive4.(2010全国卷it32)the discovery of gold in australia led thousands to believe that a fortune_.a. is made b. would makec. was to be made d. had made5.(2010全国卷iit9)barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.a. wear b. wears c.has worn d.have worn6. (2010全国卷iit15) linda, make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive.a. be set b.set c. are set d.are setting7. (2010全国卷iit19) excuse me. i_i was blocking your way.a. didnt realize b. dont realizec. havent realized d. wasnt realizing8.(2010江苏卷t23)why, jack, you look so tired! well, i _ the house and i must finish the work tomorrow.a. was painting b. will be painting c. have painted d. have been painting9.(2010江苏卷t30)peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation? we _ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.a. were b. have been c. had been d. will be 10.(2010安徽卷t28)were you surprised by the ending of the film?no, i _the book, so i already knew the story.a. was reading b. had read c. am reading d. have read 11.(2010安徽卷t34)weve spent too much money recently.well, it isnt surprising. our friends and relatives _around all the time. a. are coming b. had come c. were coming d. have been coming12.(2010北京卷t22). in the spoken english of some areas in the us, the “r” sounds at the end of the words .a. are dropped b. dropc. are being dropped d. have dropped13.(2010北京卷t24)im not finished with my dinner yet.but our friends _ for us.a. will wait b. wait c. have waited d. are waiting14.(2010北京卷t26)im sorry, but i dont quite follow you. did you say you wanted to return on september 20?sorry, i _ myself clear. we want to return on october 20.a. hadnt made b. wouldnt makec. dont make d. havent made15.(2010北京卷t28)it took me a long time before i was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me.a. had done b. did c. would do d. were doing16.(2010福建卷t28)every year a flood of farmers arrive in shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.a. promised b. were promisedc. have promised d. have been promised17.(2010福建卷t31)guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the uk this summer.how nice! you _ a different culture then.a. will be experiencing b. have experiencedc. have been experiencing d. will have experienced18.(2010湖南卷t24)this coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.a. was named b. named c. is named d. names19.(2010湖南卷t27)i was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. was it you?a. has doneb. had donec. would dod. will do20.(2010湖南卷t31)i walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. i studied the prices carefully and bought what i needed.a. sellb. were sellingc. had soldd. have sold21.(2010湖南卷t34)im tired out. i all afternoon and i dont seem to have finished anything.a. shopped b. have shopped c. had shopped d. have been shopping22.(2010江西卷t30) mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to father.a. shoulders b. shoulderedc. is shouldering d. has been shouldering23.(2010辽宁卷t24)joseph _to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “whats your name?” in russian.a. has been going b. went c. goes d. has gone24.(2010辽宁卷t30)i _ all the cooking for my family, but recently ive been too busy to do it.a. will do b. do c. am doing d. had done25.(2010陕西卷t21)i have to see the doctor because i a lot lately. a. have been coughing b. had coughedc. coughed d. cough26.(2010上海卷t28)every few years, the coal workers _their lungs x-rayed to ensure their health.a. are having b. havec. have had d. had had27.(2010上海卷t31)the church tower which will be open to tourists soon. the work is almost finished.a. has restored b. has been restored c. is restoring d. is being restored28.(2010四川卷t16) when shall we restart our business?not until we our plan.a. will finish b. are finishing c. are to finish d. have finished29.(2010四川卷t18)youve failed to do what you to and im afraid the teacher will blame you.a. will expect b. will be expected c. expected d. were expected30. (2010天津卷t4) we _on this project for four hours. lets have a rest.a. are working b. have been working c. worked d. had worked31. (2010天津卷t10) traditional folk arts of tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 shanghai world expo.a. are exhibiting b. is exhibiting c. are being exhibited d. is being exhibited32.(2010浙江卷5)if you plant watermelon seeds in the spring,you _ fresh watermelon in the fall.a. eat b. would eat c. have eaten d. will be eating33.(2010重庆卷24)the book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ on the market in 1973.a. had come b. has come c. came d. comes34.(2010重庆卷29)the palace caught fire three times in the last century,and little of the original building _ now.a. remains b. is remained c. is remaining d.has been remained35.(2010重庆卷31)why do you want to work for our company?this is the job that i _ for.a. looked b. am to look c. had looked d.have been looking【答案解析】1.【解析】选d。句意：截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。句中的up to now是现在完成时态的一个典型标志，此句要用现在完成时，由此排除其他选项，正确答案为d项。would save过去将来时；saves 一般现在时；had saved 过去完成时，均不符合句意要求。【知识拓展】时态考查题中的标志词或短语在解题中的作用：在很多时态类考查题目中，找到解题的题眼就掌握了解题的金钥匙，所谓“题眼”即指一些与特定时态连用的一些表示时间的副词及介词短语。(1)一般过去时常用的词和短语：yesterday, last year, three years ago, in 1980等，这些结构常常提示大家，这些句子中的谓语动作发生在过去，而与现在没有关系。例如：helostapenyesterday.(单纯的过去动作,现在是否找到不知道) (2)有某些副词或介词短语提示则说明其所在的句子要用现在完成时，如since, ever since, so far, up to now, recently, lately, in the past few days等。例如：ever since the first space flight made by apollo 11 to the moon, the human beings have many more space explorations in the past 4 decades. 2.【解析】选a。句意：你读完简爱了吗？没有，我昨天一直在做作业。答句要表明昨天一整天“我”是在做什么，表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作用过去进行时，因此选择a项。另外还可以使用排除法，题干中有all day yesterday提示动作发生在过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除d；b为过去将来时不符合题意；c为过去完成时，表示事情发生在过去的过去，因此也排除。3.【解析】选b。句意：当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经安全到家了。此处b项使用现在完成时表示已经完成，意为“已经”。a项表示现在进行或将来；d项表示将来；c项为过去完成时，表示过去的过去，因此排除c项。根据句意以及时间状语when you are home可知应选b。4.【解析】选c。根据句中的谓语动词led可知此句叙述的事情与过去有关，故首先排除a。make a fortune表示“发财”，由此可知从句中的主语a fortune与make之间应是被动关系，故选c项。was/were to be done属于过去将来被动的一种形式。5.【解析】选b。此题考查定语从句中的时态与主谓一致，所以要注意定语从句中的主语即关系代词who指代的是谁。此处who指代的是the only one而不是the women，故谓语要用单数形式。当遇到定语从句修饰的部分有the(only) one of + 复数名词时，定语从句修饰的是the(only) one。这样首先排除a、d两项；又根据语境可知此处指barbara目前穿着一件晚礼服，没有强调动作的完成，故又排除c项。句意：很容易认出芭芭拉，因为她是唯一一位穿着晚礼服的女士。6.【解析】选c。make sure后面的从句常用一般现在时或现在完成时。由此可知应从b、c中选。另外，set与the tables之间是被动关系，所以选c项。7.【解析】选a。根据i was blocking your way可知主句的动作发生在过去，故可排除b、c两项。realize在此处意思是“认识到”，不能用于进行时态。故选a项。8.【解析】选d。句意：咦，杰克，你看起来这么累！哦，我一直在粉刷房子，我必须明天完成这项工作。根据语境可知“粉刷房子”这个动作一直进行到现在，并且还要继续进行下去。所以应用现在完成进行时，选择d项。9. 【解析】选c。本题考查时态。句意：彼得，你们这些家伙在哪里过的暑假？我们工作忙了几个月，所以就到海边放松了一下。根据上下文可知“忙于工作”发生在动作“到海边”之前，所以用过去完成时，故选择c项。另外可以使用排除法，题干中for months是表示“一段时间”的状语，所以应该用完成时，故排除a项和d项；另外根据上下文中的过去时态did和went，我们排除现在完成时的b项。所以选择c项。10.【解析】选b。句意：你对电影的结局感到吃惊吗？不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。根据句意，“吃惊”是过去的动作，而“读书”是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。11.【解析】选d。句意：我们最近花的钱太多了。是啊，这并不令人吃惊。我们的朋友亲戚不断地来玩。根据句意可知，“来玩”这个动作是从过去某一时起，到现在一直在重复，所以应用现在完成进行时。are coming 现在进行时表将来；had come 过去完成时，表过去的过去；were coming 过去进行时表过去将来。12.【解析】选a。句意：在美国的一些地区的英语口语中，词尾的“r”音经常被省略。因为drop和主语sounds之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态，可排除b、d两项。又因为单词的尾音省略是一种现象，所以是经常发生的，而不是正在发生的，不能用现在进行时，因此可排除c项。13.【解析】选d。句意：我还没有吃完饭啊。但是我们的朋友在等我们。由语境可知wait这个动作正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。14.【解析】选d。句意：对不起，我不太理解你的话。你是说你们想9月20号回来吗？对不起，我没有表达清楚。我们想10月20号回来。由语境可知第二个人在表示歉意的时候，他还没有让对方明白他的意思，所以要用现在完成时，表示对现在造成的影响和结果，故选d项。15.【解析】选a。句意：我用了很长的时间才完全理解他们为我所做的一切。由句意可知，他们为“我”做事发生在“我”意识到之前，“我”意识到用的是一般过去时，所以他们为“我”做事应是“过去的过去”，因此应用过去完成时。16.【解析】选d。句意：每年大量的农民来到深圳寻找他们在离开家乡前被许给的那些赚钱的工作。根据语境可知，农民被许给赚钱的工作有完成被动意味，故选d项。17.【解析】选a。答语句意：好极了！到那时你们将体验一种不同的文化。根据语境可知，then指的是还没有来到的“this summer”，表示将来某个时间在做某事，通常用将来进行时，故选a项。18.【解析】选a。句意：去年，该海岸区被命名为国家野生动物保护区。该句表被动关系，故排除b、d两项。由时间状语last year可知应该用一般过去时，故选a。19.【解析】选b。句意：我正打算去修剪我的玫瑰树，但有人已经剪了，是你剪的吗？从语境可以判断，这里需用过去完成时表示其动作先于前一分句was just going to cut的动作，故选b项。20.【解析】选b。这两句中的其他时态都是过去时，暗示了空格处用过去进行时比较合适。句意：我慢慢走过市场，那儿人们正在卖各种水果和蔬菜。我仔细研究价格后买下了我所需要的。21.【解析】选d。句意：我很疲劳，整个下午一直在购物，好像还没完成任何事情呢。现在完成进行时表示从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作。从前后的语境来看，d项正确。22.【解析】选d。句意：母亲想成为一个好的养家者，一个自从和父亲结婚以来一直扮演的角色。根据句中的时间状语since.可知应用现在完成时，此处强调一直在进行，故用现在完成进行时，故选d项。23.【解析】选a。句意：约瑟夫自从上个月以来就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不会用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。从句意可知所表示的动作是从过去发生到现在仍一直进行，而且还有可能继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，因此选择a项。另外可以使用排除法，题干中有since last month, 和since 连用时句子的谓语动词要用相应的完成时，故排除b、c两项。根据下文中的but 可知，这个动作还有可能继续下去，而d项只表示过去的事情对现在的影响，不表示动作还会继续，故排除d项。24.【解析】选b。句意：我为一家人做饭，但是最近我太忙不能做了。“我为一家人做饭”这个动作是经常性的客观事实，所以用一般现在时。而will do表示将来要做的动作；am doing 表示动作正在进行；had done 表示过去的过去，但此处没有一个过去的时间或动作相比较，故只能选b。25.【解析】选a。根据题干中的lately(= recently最近，近来)时间提示，应该选择与现在完成时相关的时态，所以选a。26.【解析】选b。句意：每隔几年，煤炭工人就会做肺部x射线检查来确保他们的身体健康。根据时间状语every few years可知此句要用一般现在时态，故选b项。27.【解析】选d。句意：正在被修建的教堂塔楼很快将会向游客开放，这项工程即将竣工。表示现在正在进行的动作而且谓语动词与前面的主语间是被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，故选d。另外，还可以用排除法，由the work is almost finished.可以排除a、b两项，而c项语态不正确。28.【解析】选d。答语句意：直到我们完成我们的计划（我们才重新开始我们的业务）。将答语补充完整为：we shall not restart our business until we have finished our plan.表示到将来某个时间完成的行为通常用将来完成时，而句中until引导的是一个时间状语从句，故用现在完成时代替将来完成时，由此可知选项d正确。29.【解析】选d。句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除a、c两项。又根据youve failed可知应是指“过去你被期盼做的事”，故选项d正确。30.【解析】选b。句意：我们已经在这个项目上连续工作了四个小时。让我们休息一下。表示一个开始于过去，说话时还在进行的动作或状态，一直在干某件事，指动作的延续，因此选b。可以用排除法，题干中有lets have a rest排除c和d；a项只代表现在正在做，不代表一直在做，因此也可排除。31.【解析】选c。句意：在2010年上海世界博览会文化展厅展出了像剪纸这样的天津传统民俗艺术。根据句意需用被动语态，2010年上海世博会还在进行中，所以需要用现在进行时的被动语态。主语是traditional folk arts，谓语部分应用复数形式，所以选c。32.【解析】选d。考查动词的时态。句意：如果你在春天种了西瓜，那么秋天就可以吃西瓜。只有d项表达将来的意义。b项表达的是过去时间，不合题意要求。33.【解析】选c。句意：自从这本书于1973年上市以来，已被翻译成30种语言了。题干中的since 自从以来，引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，since引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用过去式，所以选c项。【知识拓展】since的用法(1)since介词,副词或连词 自以来,自以后;由它引导的时间状语代表一个时间段,主句用现在完成时。he has lived in beijing since liberation.自从解放以来他一直住在北京。she has been teaching english since she graduated.她毕业后一直在教英语。they went to shanghai two years ago and we have not seen them since.两年前,他们去了上海,自此我们再也没见过。(2)it is/has been + 一段时间+since从句(从句用过去时).it was/had been + 一段时间+since从句(从句用过去完成时).it was three years since he had served in the army. 他入伍3年了。i