V-ing作状语.doc

V+-ing 形 式 作 状 语 都匀二中：任娟娟V+-ing形式 动词 / 语态及物动词make不及物动词go 形式主动语态 被动语态主动语态 一般式making being madegoing 完成式having made having been madehaving gone * V+-ing形式在句中可以作 ：时间状语， 原因状语， 条件状语，伴随状语，结果状语 ，让步状语 ,方式状语* V+-ing形式作状语的首要条件：V+-ing形式所表示的动作的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致。* 其次，判断V+-ing形式表示在句中表示主动还是被动来选择语态。* 再次，判断V+-ing形式表示在句中表示的动作是与句子的谓语动词是（几乎）同时发生，还是先于句子的谓语动词发生，来选择V+-ing的形式。* 最后，其否定形式：not+ V-ing形式1 时间状语Seeing Tom,I Couldnt help thinking of his brother . (同时发生,表示主动) Walking along the street one day,she saw a little girl running up to her. (同时发生表示主动) *分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加When / While . (1) Crossing the street ,You must be careful . (同时发生,表示主动)=When /While (You are ) crossing the street, You must be careful . (2) Watching Tv in the room ,I heard someone knocking at the door .( 同时发生,表示主动)=When / While (I was) Watching Tv in the room ,I heard someone knocking at the door.2 作 原因状语Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday .( 同时发生表示主动)Being a teacher, You must always think of others .( 同时发生,表示主动)Not having received his letter ,I decided to write again .(先后发生，表示主动) 3 作条件状语Staying here for some time , You will find the people here are friendly .( 表示主动)4 作伴随状语Following the foreign guests, the teacher went into the lab.(同时发生表主动) 5 作 结果状语The glass dropped to the ground,breaking into pieces. (同时发生,表主动) 6 作让步状语 Though being busy , he will spare some time to help us .( 同时发生表主动) 7 作方式状语 He came running to tell me the good news .8 V-ing形式的一般式*表示的动作与句中的谓语动词（几乎）同时发生，有逻辑主谓关系。在句中作时间状语，原因状语，条件状语，伴随状语，结果状语和让步状语，和方式状语。9 V-ing形式的完成式 * 表示的动作先于句中的谓语动词发生，有逻辑主谓关系， 在句中作时间状语和原因状语。 （1）. Having answered the letter, she went on to read the novel . (时间状语) =After she had answered the letter, she went on to read the novel . （2）.Not having done the work well, he decided to try again. (原因状语) =Because he had not done the work well, he decided to try again. ( 3 ). Having been praised a second time ,I decided to make a greater progress . (时间状语) =After I had been praised a second time ,I decided to make a greater progress . 1) . He sent me a email ,_to get further information . A. hoped B . hoping C . to hope D. hope 2) . _such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clear up the river . A . Having suffered B. Suffering C . To suffer D . Suffered 3) . The manager , _his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training .A . knowing B. known C . to know D. being known 4) ._tomorrows lesson , I had no time to go to the film . A . Not to have prepared B . Having not prepared C . Not having prepared D. To not have prepared5). _a few more days , he could have done the job better .A . To give B. Given C. Having given D. Giving6). _from the moon , our earth with water_twenty percent Of its surface, appears as a blue ball .A . Seen ; covered B . Seeing ; covering C. Seen ; covering D. To see ; to cover7)._from the moon , we find our earth looks like a blue ball full of water . A . Seen B . To see C . Having seen D . Seeing8). Stepping out in the street , _in the darkness . A . nobody was seen B . there was nobody C . he could see nobody D. and he saw nobody9). _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . A . Having been told B . Though had been