【培优练习】Module 3 Unit 6（英语上教高一上册）.docx

Module 3 Food for thought Unit 6 Fun food培优练习. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. Milk, especially from Mother, is all we need to _ a small baby.A. nourishment B. nourish C. nutrition D. nutritious2. It seems to me that much of her difficulties are _. A. economic B. economical C. economy D. economics3. The man _ told me this refused to tell us his name and mobile phone number. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose4. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which5. He cant find the tool _ he often uses to plant trees.A. with which B. by which C. to which D. which. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.natural prove agriculture economic benefit mix involve fortunately profitable1. His knowledge about _is richer than that about industry.2. That business became _last year.3. He was_ in working out a plan.4. This company is in a bad _state.5. You_ flour, yeast and water to make bread.6. The field trip was of great _to the students.7. I was late in getting to the station, but_, the train was late too.8. He has_ his courage in the battle.9. He spoke in quite a _ voice.III. Reading ComprehensionAWhile students in Hainan are quite used to clear skies, Beijing teenagers are not so lucky. As another warm winter approaches, the city can expect the normal clouds of smoke caused by air pollution.But things could start to get better soon. The government is co-operating with a US-based environmental protection agency to update existing buses and trucks with clean fuel technology. The new technology could reduce air pollutants in existing diesel vehicles (柴油机) by 40 per cent. The programme will begin by testing buses in Beijing to see if the technology can be applied to them.“We encourage the development of public transportation. But at the same time we need to reduce pollution from them,” said an official.Efforts are being made to improve the capitals environment with tighter controls on emissions (排放). Some heavily polluting factories and construction sites, such as those owned by the steel giant Shougang Group, have been asked to cut production in November and December or be closed.Beijing was the third polluted city in the world at the end of last century, according to the UN. But thanks to recent measures, the capital has made some progress. Last year 224 clear days were rated as having good air quality. In 1998 the air quality index (指数) gave just 100 days as good.“I am glad to see an improvement,” said a Senior 1 boy living in the northwest of Beijing. “Compared to other places, the air quality of Beijing is still worrying though. I hate the pollution. Once I was riding my bike in the morning when I almost had a traffic accident because I couldnt see a car only metres away from me in frog.”In early October, the skies were covered by such a thick fog that a display show by the visiting French air force was called off.Rapid development, industry, traffic fumes (烟) and sandstorms from the desert all contribute to the citys bad air.1. The passage is mainly about _?A. a programme to improve Beijings air qualityB. progress made in Beijings air qualityC. Beijings air pollutionD. the difference between Hainan and Beijing 2. Which of the following is not the measure taken or to be taken to improve Beijings air?A. Clean fuel technology will be used in public transportation.B. Some factories have been asked to cut production.C. Some construction sites have been told to be closed.D. A display show of airplanes has been called off.3. We can infer from the passage that, with the aim of being an ecological (生态的) city by the 2008 Olympics, _.A. far more still needs to be done B. nothing else needs to be doneC. all traffic has to be closed D. the development of the city has to be slowed down 4. Which is not correct according to the passage?A. Beijings air quality is getting worse and worse.B. Development, industry, traffic fumes and sandstorms are all the causes of bad air quality.C. Clouds of smoke in the sky is the common feature in the winter of Beijing.D. The government is making every effort to stop air pollution. BEveryone has good days and bad days. Sometimes, you feel as if youre on top of the world. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and you cannot focus on your schoolwork.For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem (自尊) is the key to success. Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can bring bad results if it makes you less likeable or more upset when you fail at something.“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist (心理学家) at the University of Michigan, US. “Its not the important thing.”Feeling goodCrockers advice may sound a bit strange because it is good to feel good about yourself.Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.But, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.He believes that violent and wicked people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said: “Theres no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”Problems All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos (自我) that can make them less likeable to their peers(同龄人), said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, Vohs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.What to doResearchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail at something try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy (药方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “Its OK to say, Im not so good at that, and then move on.”5. The new research comes to the conclusion that high self-esteem _.A. is not important at all B. has taken on a different meaningC. may not be the key to success D. does not help you do better at school6. One of the conclusions of the new research is that _.A. feeling good about oneself doesnt mean you lead a happier lifeB. people with high esteem usually do not seek others helpC. people with high esteem tend to be proudD. people with low esteem are often more popular7. The underlined part “a better person” in the passage probably means a person who is _.A. helpful and supportiveB. gentle and modestC. likable and successful D. friendly and kind8. From the text, we can infer the best therapy mentioned in the last paragraph is mainly for people _. A. with high self-esteem B. with low self-esteemC. of all kinds D. who are focusing on building self-esteemCThe physicians in a hospital form the center of medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. From the viewpoint of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital.A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. however, each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night.Under the supervision (监管) of the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend to patients needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty, usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. Some take turns working night duty; others work odd shifts. A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital. Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession.9. The nursing staff _.A. are central to the medical staffB. play an important role in caring for patientsC. can work effectively without physiciansD. are always in close contact with the patients10. Why dont nurses study for as many years as doctors?A. They dont treat patients for illness and injury.B. Most nurses work long days.C. Caring for sick patients requires patience and concern.D. They are not dedicated.11. Nurses work in shifts because _.A. they are careless.B. nursing services must be provided continuously.C. they work at night from time to time.D. a shift is usually eight hours long.12. What kind of person is suited to become a nurse?A. A very careful person.B. An able person.C. A very dedicated person. D. A specially trained person.DA “lost tribe” that reached America from Australia may have been the first Native Americans, according to a new theory. If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will break long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it. On this theory rests the belief of Native Americans to have been the first true Americans. They would be classified to the ranks of escapee, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals (土著人) in boats. To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity, Silvia Gonzales, of Liverpool University said . Her claims are based on skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Region. The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology (人类学) in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. “We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups,” Dr. Gonzales said. “The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution.” But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to take out DNA from the bones. Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent(一致) with an Australian origin. 13. It is generally considered that the first Native Americans came from _.A. North Asia B. AustraliaC. South Pacific D. South Asia14. The skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico have _.A. the broad skull shapeB. the narrow skull shapeC. different features of Aboriginal AustraliansD. the same features of Native Americans15. The underlined “contentious” is similar in meaning to “_”.A. likely to cause great interest B. difficult to solveC. well-known to allD. likely to cause argument16. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. Research on skulls can draw an exact conclusion.B. DNA tests have proved the fact that the first Native Americans came from Australian.C. Scientists are still not sure about the origin of the Native Americans.D. People began to enter America across the Bering Strait about 12,700 years ago.EWild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami(海啸), adding weight to ideas they possess a “sixth sense” for disasters, experts said on Thursday. Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean islands coast seemingly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found. “No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare or rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,” H.D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lankas Wildlife Department, said on Wednesday. The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km (2 miles) inland at Yala National Park in the southeast, Sri Lankas biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants. “There has been a lot of evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo. “There have been no specific studies because you cant really test it in a lab or field setting,” he said. Other authorities agreed with this conclusion. “Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain phenomenon, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife. Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators(食肉动物). The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence on Sri Lankas damaged coast is likely to add to. 17. This passage is mainly about_.A. the damage that was caused in the Indian Ocean tsunamiB. why animals can save them from natural disastersC. how to protect the wildlife when disaster happensD. the different opinions about animals natural power18. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. It has been proved that animals have a “sixth sense”.B. Research has been made on the special movements of animals before disasters.C. Its generally considered that animals can sense the coming of disasters.D. Animals have depended on the known senses to escape the Indian Ocean tsunami.19. What does the term “sixth sense” in the text means?A. It is the natural ability of animals that can save them from danger.B. It is the animals imagination in the brain.C. It is some hidden power to say in advance that something will happen.D. It is a kind of sense that is the same as smell or hearing.20. Which section does the text most probably appear in a newspaper?A. News Report. B. Discovery. C. Science Fiction. D. Culture.答案与解析. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B【解析】本题考查nourish各种词性的辨析，固定用法need to do sth. 需要去做某事，所以这里需要填写动词原形，故选B。2. A【解析】本题考查economy的相关词汇的用法。这个题显然要选一个形容词，那么只能在A和B中间选择。economic的意思是“经济上的”，economical的意思为“经济的，节约的”，本句意思是“我总觉得好像她的困难都是经济上的”。故选A。3. B【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。本句的主句是The man refused to tell us his name and mobile phone number. 所以_ told me this作为定语从句是用来修饰先行词the man，由于先行词指人且在从句充当主语成分，所以用who，表示主语。故选B。4. B【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。从句的意思是没有Smith教授的帮助我是不会走得这么远。由于Professor Smith 与help之间是从属关系，所以用whose,表示谁的。故选B。5. A 【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。从句完整表达是he often uses to plant trees with the tool. 从句是修饰先行词the tool，指物又介词提前，故用which代指先行词且介词with不可以省略。故选A。. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.1. agriculture【解析】本题考查agriculture的用法，本句意思：他农业方面的相关知识比工业方面的丰富得多。故填agriculture。2. profitable【解析】本题考查profitable的用法，本句意思：那桩生意去年盈利了。故填profitable。3. involved【解析】本题考查involve的用法，本句意思：他正在参与一个计划的制定。故填involved。4. economic【解析】本题考查economic的用法，本句意思：这家公司目前经济状况很不乐观。故填economic。5. mix【解析】本题考查mix的用法，本句意思：做面包，你需要把面粉，酵母粉和水混合在一起。故填mix。6. benefits【解析】本题考查benefit的用法，本句意思：学农会让学生受益匪浅。故填benefits。7. fortunately【解析】本题考查fortunately的用法，本句意思：我赶到车站已经晚了，不过幸运的是火车也晚点了。故填fortunately。8. proved【解析】本题考查prove的用法，本句意思：他已经在战役中证明了他的勇气。故填proved。9. natural【解析】本题考查natural的用法，本句意思：他讲话的声音非常自然。故填natural。III. Reading Comprehension1. C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文我们不难发现作者是在谈论“北京的空气污染”。A、B两项表示的是政府在治理过程中的措施和进展。D项明显不符文意。2. D【解析】细节归纳题。航空飞行表演是因为浓雾被取消，这不是治理空气污染的措施，恰恰是空气污染造成的结果。3. A【解析】推理判断题。根据短文中一位高一男生所说的：尽管在治理方面取得了一些进展，但仍然令人担忧(the air quality of Beijing is still worrying though)，由此可推断：到2008年北京奥运会时北京要达到生态城市的目标，治理工作任重道远。4. A【解析】细节判断题。根据短文第五段“But thanks to recent measures, the capital has made some progress”可知，北京的空气质量比以前有所改善。去年空气质量指数达到良的为224天，而1998年只有100天。5. C【解析】细节理解题。短文第三段表述“二十多年来，科学家们认为高度自信是成功的关键”，但从第四段中的“Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful”一句可知“新的研究表明高度自信可能不是成功的关键”。6. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文中“People with high self-esteem can have big egos”和“People wi