学生打印选修课材料.doc

第二次选修课：内容提示： 1. vowel exercise 2. stress exercise 3. oral practice 4. dictation exerciseVowel exercise Write down the words and pay attention their vowel pronunciation. HOT ht Wool wul Feel fi:l Hit hit Pull pul Fill fil Rude ru:d Pill pil写出音标和单词 1. Bear bei Beer bi Bay b 2. They /Though /there标出重音 Father doctor water rubber Away mother teacher butter winter Again Sister singer supper longer About brother dinner better ladder Together练习短语和句子A clothA piece of clothA piece of white clothA large piece of white clothA large piece of pure white clothThis is a large piece of pure white cloth后缀 -NessKindness/Laziness/Politeness/Shyness/Happiness/Sadness/Rudeness/Ugliness/Meanness/Weakness/Friendliness/Sweetness/Illness/Tiredness/Selfishness/Cleverness后缀lessBreathless/Useless/Careless/Tactless/Colorless/Fearless/Endless/fatherless/Powerless/Penniless/Homeless对比注意重音的转移 Politics political politician democrat democracy democratic Personal personify personality Hypocrite hypocrisy hypocritical 功能词弱读 1. and 2. because 3. but 4. than 5. that1. and And Go for a walkWhat a sunny day? Yeah. But a little chilly? Shall we go for a walk? Ok. Ill go and get a sweater. Ill be back right away. Hes working on his new novel_. I think hes a terrific_. I really love his movie. Hes really a nice person, _. 1. _ Her English is so fluent, is she Chinese? Yes, she is. But she was born and brought up in American. 2. _ Im really disappointed with myself now. Dont say that. We all experience ups and downs in our lives. 3._ Do you have time now? Sure. Lets sit down and talk about your plan. 1. two hours and fifteen 2. go back and work 3. good and bad, life and deathbecause Why did you tell me this? Well, I told you the truth because I trust you. 1. everybody is on vacation now. why do you have to work? I have to work because I have no money. 2. how come he never got married? He never married because the girl he was in love with married someone else. 3. you are upset because I didnt help you with your homework. Is that it? No, its got nothing to do with that. 1. _ He hurt you. Why did you let him go? I let him go because he did not do it on purpose. 2._ There were so many people there. Why did you ask me ? I asked you because I thought you might be able to help. 3._ Now tell me the truth. Did you help her because you were interested in her? no, it wasnt like that.But Gong by train Im thinking of going there bu train. What do you think? Of course you can. But the train s usually crowded at this time of the year. You should book your ticket in advance. Ive heard of him, but Ive never met him in person. I used to play cards a lot, but now Im really tired of it. I buy lottery tickets from time to time, but I havent had any luck yet. 1. _ Working is part of my life, but_, I also have a lot of hobbies. 2. _ Do you know those guys? No, it seems they came here not to make friends, but to _.Than His bark is worse than his bite Your boss has such a bad temper. Are you afraid of him? Not really. Actually, his bark is worse than his bite. Ex2 . 1. more than exciting 2. easier said than done 3. worse than thatThat Crazy about soccer It seems that most people in your company like to play cards. Does your boss play? No, he has no interest in indoor games. But hes crazy about soccer. Oral practice Environment protection 1. is population growth a big problem in the world? 2. why is it important to develop alternative energy resources? 3. is environment pollution a big problem here in china?1. is population growth a big problem in the world? Questions: 1. what kind of spin-offs does the population growth lead to? 2. how about the world population now? 1. is population growth a big problem in the world? Yes. Its one of the biggest problems in the world because it _ other environment problems, such as _, pollution, _, and so on. The greater the population, the greater the demand for food and natural resources, and the greater the _environment pollution. Right now the world population is over _, and its increasing fast, especially in some developing countries. If we cant _ this population growth in the world, the _ will be getting even worse. Yes. Its one of the biggest problems in the world because it drives other environment problems, such as energy shortages, pollution, starvation, and so on. The greater the population, the greater the demand for food and natural resources, and the greater the global environment pollution. Right now the world population is over 6 billion, and its increasing fast, especially in some developing countries. If we cant stabilize this population growth in the world, the environmental degradation will be getting even worse. New words: Drive/Starvation/Resource/Stabilize/Degradation 1. its one of the _ in the world. 2. it _ other _, such as energy _, pollution, _ and so on. 3. The greater the population, the greater the _for food and _. 4. Right now _. 1. its one of the biggest problems in the world. 2. it drives other environmental problems, such as energy shortages, pollution, starvation and so on. 3. The greater the population, the greater the demand for food and natural resources 4. Right now the world population is over 6 billion2. why is it important to develop alternative energy resources? well. Right now the most important energy sources are _ oil, coal, and natural gas. Their _ on earth are limited. Once they are used up, they will never come back. Besides, the _ of those fossil fuels causes a lot of environmental problems, such as acid rain, air pollution, smog, and probably _. Thats why we need to develop the so-called green” energy resources, such as _, solar energy, geothermal energy, or even _. well. Right now the most important energy sources are fossil fuels oil, coal, and natural gas. Their reserves on earth are limited. Once they are used up, they will never come back. Besides, the consumption of those fossil fuels causes a lot of environmental problems, such as acid rain, air pollution, smog, and probably global warming. Thats why we need to develop the so-called green” energy resources, such as nuclear energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, or even wind power. 1. Right now the most important _. 2. Once they are _, they will never _. 3. the _ causes a lot of environmental problems 4. Thats why we need to _. Right now the most important energy sources are fossil fuels oil, coal, and natural gas. Once they are used up, they will never come back. the consumption of those fossil fuels causes a lot of environmental problems Thats why we need to develop the so-called green” energy resources.3. Is environmental pollution a big problem here in China? Yes. Pollution is a big problem in our country, _ _. Chinas _ is growing fast, but air and water pollution is also getting _. The air quality in some cities is bad, not up to the _. Some rivers are polluted by industrial waste, wither because of _ or because of _or treatment. But the good news is the central government is _ to _ the problem. _ and _ have been put on the top of the agenda in the new nation five-year plan. More environment laws and _ have come out. Weve also seen more publicity_ to raise peoples _ of the pollution problem. Yes. Pollution is a big problem in our country, especially industrial pollution. Chinas economy is growing fast, but air and water pollution is also getting serious. The air quality in some cities is bad, not up to the national standard. Some rivers are polluted by industrial waste, wither because of accidents or because of improper disposal or treatment. But the good news is the central government is making greater efforts to tackle the problem. Environmental protection and sustainable development have been put on the top pf the agenda in the new nation five-year plan. More environment laws and regulations have come out. Weve also seen more publicity campaigns to raise peoples awareness of the pollution problem.New words: Industrial waste/Disposal/Treatment/Tackle/Sustainable /Agenda/Publicity campaign Chinas _ is growing fast, but air and _ is also getting serious. Weve also seen more _ to _peoples _ of the pollution problem. Chinas economy is growing fast, but air and water pollution is also getting serious. Weve also seen more publicity campaigns to raise peoples awareness of the pollution problem.第三次选修课：一、短对话听力技巧短对话基本是衣、食、住、行等日常生活中常见的话题和学校生活的话题。此部分在四级中有8个短小对话，每个对话设计一个问题。对话通常在一男一女间进行，对话完毕，由第三者就对话内容提出问题，问题之间的间隔为13秒。学生需加强三部分的练习：一是记忆对话各种场合常出现词汇；一是以语句的结构为主线，多听否定句、强调句、祈使句、虚拟句、倒装句等特殊句型；另一种是以题型为主线，多做习题。题型主要包括：数字与计算，地点与方向，提供或请求帮助，语法结构如肯定与否定，原因或结果，比较，条件或让步，判断如职业或身份，推论。对话是在特定的语言环境中进行的，具有一定的情节；而由第三者提出的问题及所给四个选项又向考生明确了选择范围。因此，考生在听音时只要善于捕捉关键词和关键信息，便能做出正确选择。在此考生应注意以下几个方面：1.积极预测在所有考试里的这一题型，通常有着相似的提问方式和内容。可总体归结为“问这问那”，既由what、where、when、how many等疑问词引导的疑问句。为此，我们在浏览选项的时候就应积极的预测问题，有目的性的听取材料。而场景题是每年的重点。如：08年6月的四级考试中的第12题选项为： A. On a train B. On a plane C. In a theater D. In a restaurant为此，我们不难断定，这个问题肯定是关于场景的提问。再如08年12月的第12题选项为：A: A painter B: A mechanic C: A porter D: A carpenter通过选项我们能够推断这是关于职业的问题。通过预测，能够缓解我们的心理紧张，做到心中有数，在听的过程中更有针对性，起到积极的作用。2.明确谈话者关系要注意判明谈话者之间的关系，这是解题的关键。判明了谈话者之间的关系，那么谈话的话题和内容就不难推测和理解。如夫妻间大多谈论与家庭生活有关的话题，医生与病人之间一般谈论与疾病有关的话题等。在此基础上，抓住与话题有关的关键词，解题就轻而易举了。3.要善于捕捉关键词。在短对话部分，对话所提供的上下文极其有限，给考生对谈话内容的理解和判断带来一定的困难。然而，若考生能抓住关键词，则能明确谈话的内容，提高对谈话内容的理解，并做出正确的推理和判断。比如对话中出现了menu，order，table for two，bill等词或短语，则谈话的地点一定是在餐馆，谈话的内容一定与用餐有关。这样对可能提的问题，如Where does the conversation most probably take place就不难做出回答。以上两题为例，当我们初步勾画出了场景的时候，就要竖起耳朵听关键词。6月原文如下：W: May I see your ticket, please? I think you are sitting in my seat. M: Oh, youre right. My seat is in the balcony. Im terribly sorry.Q: where does the convesation most probaly take place? 这个题的难点在于balcony这个单词，大部分同学可能都记得它的阳台的词义，忽略了它有包厢的含义，而失了分。而12月份的题，有大部分同学不认识选项中的C: A porter D: A carpenter 词义，为此作题的时候一头雾水，更别提保证准确率了。其实从历年真题来看，现在场景内容描述用词的难度加大了。这就需要我们在平时的单词记忆中，加深单词在我们头脑中的语音模式，并扩大词义延伸的记忆。4.要善于推测言外之意。同学们在做听力测试时不仅要能听懂谈话内容，还要能够对谈话内容做出正确的推理、判断，推断出谈话的内在含义，或言外之意，这对选择正确答案是必不可少的。上文刚刚讲过，这里不再赘述。 二、短对话场景词汇同学们若想在听力测试中取得较为理想的成绩，平时一定要下功夫多听多练，以提高整体听力水平，在此基础上，掌握一定的应试技巧无疑会有很大的帮助。另附收集的几个场景关键词，请大家参阅：场景一：学习1.申请学校applyfor申请 businessdegree商学院学位 payyourownway自己支付各种费用2选修课程semester学期（美国英语）biology生物学term学期（英国英语）registration注册course课程classpermit听课证optionalcourse选修课literatureclass文学课3.听课professor教授briefing剪lecturer讲师barelystayawake几乎不能保持清醒complicated复杂extracopies多余的篇子 informative信息量大presentation陈述，解释，示范mission任务，使命4演说nervous紧张的contest比赛 calm平静的contestant参赛选手alargeaudience一大群观众talkofthetown镇上谈论的焦点 shakingallover浑身发抖notabigdeal不是什么大不了的事情 beyondme超出我的理解范围5阅读readingassignment阅读任务selectively有选择地 chapterbychapter一章一章地theory理论readthrough从头到尾地读plot情节coverafewchapters涉及了几个章节intensively精细地character人物角色6写文typingerrors打字错误revise修订qualitypaper好纸getitpublished出版proofread校对paragraph段落7考试finalexam期末考试fail不及格，失败mid-term期中考试results(pl)分数stayup熬夜release发布（分数）twosleeplessnights两天两夜没睡觉bethroughwith结束，完成场景二：工作1面试interview面试finance金融suit西装accounting会计tie领带brushupon温习，复习resume简历workingexperience工作经历handin上交travel出差annualvacation年假2收发邮件email邮件attachment附件login登录forwardthemailto把邮件转发给logoff登出3开会和约会appointment约会moveonto继续confirm确认thenextitem下一议题个cancel取消presentation陈述，解释，示范comeinonesplace代表某人来replace取代onbehalfof代表场景三：娱乐1看戏Globaltheatre环球剧院drama戏剧Grandtheatre大剧院impressive令人印象深刻的toodramatictobetrue太假了audience观众playtheboss扮演老板outoftheway太远了thegreatesthit大片alongqueue长队appreciate欣赏soldout卖完了2体育活动basketballseason篮球赛季tennis网球camping野营badminton羽毛球jogging慢跑performance表现fishing钓鱼keepfit保持健康3旅游scenery风景Greekstyle希腊风格lawn草地museum博物馆column柱子statue塑像场景四：购物1采购衣服size型号comeinallsizes号全2采购电器model款discount折扣latesttechnology最新的科技reduce减少场景五：吃饭1评点餐馆Italianrestaurant意大利餐馆popular受人喜爱的environment环境crowded拥挤的eat out 出去吃take away 外带main course 主食dessert 餐后甜点appetizer 开胃菜keep the change 不用找零office hours/ business hours/working hours 工作时间,营业时间2饮食健康ondiet节食dessert甜点contain含有salad沙拉steak牛排场景六：居住1电话询问租房信息inquire about 询问 furnished （公寓）带家具的 apartment 公寓（美国英语） double-bedroom 两室的flat 公寓（英国英语live on/off campus 住校内/校外deposit 押金landlord 房东blackout 断电tenant 房客for lease/rent 可出租的房子leaking 漏水unfurnished 无装修/没有配家具2买房brochure 册子 house developer 房产开发商3. 宾馆make a reservation 预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel a reservation 取消预订reception 前台fully booked/full up/ full 客满tips 小费check in/out 登记入住/退房room service 客房服务single/double room 单人房/双人房suite 套房presidential suite总统套房 twin room 有两张单人床的双人房lounge 休息区lobby 大堂salon 美容厅business center 商务中心night club 夜总会场景七：交通fare 车票费用license 驾照rush hour 高峰时间traffic jam/ congestion 交通堵塞 overtake 超车one way street 单行道motor way 机动车道fast way/express way 高速公路free way 高速公路ring road overhead轻轨metro/subway/underground 地铁tunnel/channel 隧道flyover人行天桥maglev train 磁悬浮列车1飞机flight 航班 wait for further notice 等候进一步通知 non-stop/direct flight 直航transfer/lay over/ stop over转机boarding card登机牌gate 登机口safety/seat belt 安全带one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票minor mechanical errors 轻微的机械故障 terminal 候机大厅security check 安检pick up 接机see off 送行sign 标志board 登机first/business/economy cabin头等舱/商务舱/经济舱timetable时间表2小汽车parking lot 停车场 maintain 保养break down 抛锚 garage 修车场scratches 刮蹭 highway 高速公路single lane 单行道 No-parking sign 禁止停车标志3公交bus stop 车站 passengers 乘客crowded 拥挤的4火车sleeper 卧铺 be supposed to 应该view 景色 scenery 景色场景八：疾病和医院prescription 药方prescribe 开处方injection 注射sore throat 嗓子痛a cold 感冒 dizzy 头晕come down with a cold 感冒under the weather 感冒a fever 发烧 exhausted 筋疲力尽的have the ankle twisted 扭到脚踝 appetite 胃口high blood pressure 高血压 blood vessel 血管场景九：天气cloud over 天阴起来 sweat 出汗clear up 天晴起来 swing 不稳定,极端weather forecast 天气预报 coupled with strong wind 伴有强风freezing 非常冷场景十：人际关系hear from 听到某人消息 get along 与相处be mad with 对某人生气 get in touch with 和联系be on good terms with sb. 与某人关系很好其他场景邮局 Registered letter 挂号信regular mail 平邮airmail 航空信parcel/package 包裹rate 费率postage 邮资Overweight 超重attach 附件forward 转发subject 主题电话 Pay phone 公用电话yellow page 黄页extension 分机press 按电话号码put through 接通Operator 总机hold on 不要挂机,稍等hang up/get off 挂断be not in 不在take/leave a message 留言Wrong number/ there is no one by this name 拨错号码了/ 没有此人公司 Job vacancy 空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历 basic/personal information基本信息/个人资料Academic background 教育背景offer 聘用信work overtime 加班raise 加薪bonus 奖金allowance 津贴Annual income 年收入promotion 升职resign 辞职laid-off 下岗annual leave 年假sick leave 病假Chairman of the board 董事会主席general manager 总经理clerk 职员chief executive office 执行总裁短对话练习：练习一：2006.6 11. A) The girls got on well with each other.B) Its understandable that girls dont get along. C) She was angry with the other young stars. D) The girls lacked the courage to fight.12. A) The woman does her own housework.B) The woman needs a housekeeper. C) The womans house is in a mess.D) The woman works as a housekeeper.13. A) The Edwards are quite well-off. B) The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses. C) Itll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house.D) Its too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.14. A) The woman didnt expect it to be so warm at noon.B) The woman is sensitive to weather changes. C) The weather forecast was unreliableD)The weather turned cold all of a sudden.15. A) At a clinic.B) At a restaurant.C) In a supermarket.D) In an ice cream shop.16. A) The woman did not feel any danger growing up in the Bronx. B) The man thinks it was quite safe living in the Bronx district. C) The woman started working at an early age to support her family . D) The man doesnt think it safe to send an 8-year-old to buy things.17. A) The man has never seen the woman before.B) The two speakers work for the same company. C) The two speakers work in the same floor.D) The woman is interested in market research.18. A) The woman cant tolerate any noise.B) The man is looking for an apartment. C) The man has missed his appointment.D) The woman is going to take a train trip.练习二：2006.1211. A. Plan his budget carefully B. Give her more information.C. Ask someone else for advice.D. Buy a gift for his girlfriend.12. A. Shell have some chocolate cake.B. Shell take a look at the menu.C. Shell go without dessert.D. Shell prepare the dinner.13. A. The man can speak a foreign language.B. The woman hopes to improve her English.C. The woman knows many different languages.D. The man wishes to visit many more countries.14. A. Go to the library.B. Meet the woman.C. See Professor Smith.D. Have a drink in the bar.15. A. She isnt sure when Professor Bloom will be backB. The man shouldnt be late for his class.C. The ma