初一英语常考知识点归纳.doc

广 州 华 附 教 育 培 训 中 心 【】 2014年华附奥校冲刺讲义 第12讲 常考知识点归纳：1 语法项目语法项目常考易错点范例定冠词the 1.特指上文提到过的人或物2.在与动词play连用时，球类名词前不加冠词；西洋乐器名词前必须有加定冠词theI bought a pen yesterday .The pen is red .昨天我买了一支钢笔。这支钢笔是红色的。John can play the guitar ,but he cant playfootball.约翰会弹吉他，但他不会踢足球。现在进行时1.表示某人正在做某事，标志性时间状语有now ,right now ,at the moment 等。2.句首有动词look,listen等，表明该句要用现在进行时。I am doing my homework now .现在我正在做作业。Look! The boys are playing football on the playground.看！男孩们正在操场上踢足球。如何谈论数量1.(a)little ,much后接不可数名词；(a) few many后接可数名词复数形式;some,enough,a lot of ,on既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。2.a little ,a few 表肯定;little,few 表否定。3.too much意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词；much too 意为“太”，修饰形容词或副词。My cousin has many stamps from different countries.我表哥有许多不同国家的邮票。There is a little water in the bottle .瓶子里有点水。Too much noise makes me feel much too noisy太多的噪音让我感觉太吵了。情态动词1情态动词无人称各数的变化，其后跟动词原形。2情态动词直接前构成疑问句，其后加not构成否定句。I must do my homework now .我现在必须做作业。Can you play the guitar ? 你会弹吉他吗？祈使句1.常省略主语you,以动词原形开头，表请求，命令等。2.祈使句的否定形式要在首加dont 。Put your bikes over there ,please .请你你们的自行车放到那边去。Dont smoke here . 不要在这里吸烟。感叹句1.What a/anadj.可数名词单数主语其他！Whatadj.可数名词复数主语其他Whatadj.不可数名词主语其他！2.Howadj./adv.主语其他！What a clever boy he is !他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！What interesting books they are !它们是多有趣的书啊！What delicious food my mother cooks every day ! 我妈妈每天都做那么可口的饭菜啊！How wonderful Yang Lipings dance is !杨丽萍的舞蹈多精彩啊！Used to 的用法1.used to do sth .后接动词原形，表“过去常常做某事”，其否定形式为didnt use to do sth.2.be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事。”He didnt use to ride a bike .他过去不常骑自行车。He is used to taking a walk after dinner .他习惯饭后散步。引导的时间状语从句1.when 意为“当时”，引导时间状语从句。当当主从句同时表将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。2.当从句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，只能用来引导，不能用while 。Ill call you when she comes .她来时，我会给你打电话。I was cleaning my room when my mother cameIn .当我妈妈进来时，我正在打扫房间。2 常考英语句型1. What do you think of ?=How do you like ? 你认为怎么样？ What do you think of the movie ? =How do you like the movie ?你认为这部影片怎么样？2. Why dont you 动词原形？=Why not 动词原形？为什么不呢？ Why dont you have a picnic this weekend ?=Why not have a picnic this weekend ?这个周末为什么不去野餐呢？3. not until 直到才The children didnt come home until it was dark .孩子们直到天黑才回家。4. The number of is的数里是The number of students in our school is 1,000.我们学校的学生数量是1000。5. How much不可数名词？多少？ How much milk do you want ? 你想要多少牛奶？6. How many 可数名词复数？多少？How many English books do you have ? 你有多少英语书？7. Remember (not) to 记得（不）做Remember to take an umbrella with you .Its raining outside .记得带上雨伞。外面正在下雨。8. How are you feeling ? 你感觉怎么样？How are you feeling now ,Nancy ? 南希，你现在感觉怎么样？Great . 很好。9. It is 形容词to do sth .做某事是It is dangerous to play with fire .玩火很危险。10. too to 太而不能He is too young to drive . 他太小了不能开车。11. What do you know about ? 关于你知道什么？What do you know about France ? 关于法国你知道什么？12. be interested in 对感兴趣Tom is interested in Beijing Opera .汤姆对京剧感兴趣。13. not only but also不但而且He can play not noly football but also basketball . 他不但会踢足球，而且会打篮球。14. Dont do 不要做Dont be late again . 不要再迟到了。15. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth .（某人）花费多少时间做某事。It takes me one hour to do my homework every day . 每天我花一小时做作业。16. spend doing sth .花费做某事I like to spend my free time reading books . 我喜欢把空闲时间花在读书上。17. used to do sth .过去常常做某事I used to exercise at the park . 过去我常在公园锻炼。18. When,当时，When I read books ,time goes quickly ! 当我读书时，时间过得非常快！模拟训练：限定时间30分钟完成。1 找出划线部分读音与其它三个不同的单词：1.A. asked B. looked C. helped D.killed2.A.washed B lined C turned D stayed3.A wanted B visited C started D handed4.A floor B saw C yourself D were二单项选择( ) 1. _ do you weigh ? One hundred and twenty .A. How B. What C.How many D. How much ( )2. _ did the Wright brothers build the first plane with an engine ? In 1903 .A. What B.Where C. When D.Why ( )3.He is in the library ._ has he been there ,do you know ?A. How long B.How often C.How soon D.Since then ( )4._ do they show slides in their class ? Once a week .A. How often B.How long C.How soon D.How ( )5.Li Ying always studies English very hard ._ Zhang Ming ?A. What B. How C.What about D.Why ( )6._ will you do with the accident ?A. What B.How C.When D.Where ( )7.Do you like English or Chinese ? _ .A. Yes ,I do B.Chinese C.No, I dont D.Yes ,I am ( )8.Where is he posting his letter ? _.A .By air mail B.At the post office C. At home D.For his brother ( )9.Wold you like some coffee or tea ? _ .A. Yes please B.Yes ,coffee .C. No,tea, please D.Either will do ( )10.Which of the following sentences is right ?A. May I ask you some questions ?B. He hasnt finished the project already .C. He isnt able to read and write .D. Is there something interesting in todays newspaper ?( )11.Your English teacher has never lost his temper ,_ he ?A. has B.hasnt C.did D. didnt ( )12.Tom didnt go to school this morning ,did he ? _ .Though he had a bad cold .A. Yes ,he didnt B.Yes ,he did C.No,he didnt D.No ,he did ( )13.He didnt go there yesterday , _ he ?A.did B.does C.didnt D. doesnt 三完型填空。阅读下面短文，选择恰当的答案，使短文意思完整，并将所选答案的字母编号写在答题卡上涂黑。（共10分，每小题1分）The 2012 Olympic Games will be held in 1 . Many people will visit England. Let me tell you something 2 British schools. British primary schools are usually smaller but classrooms are usually 3 than ours. In the classrooms, there 4 some shelves 5 the walls. The pupils put 6 books and schoolbags on them. There are fewer pupils in each class. But the class teacher will 7 all the subjects of the class! School starts later and 8 earlier there. But lessons are 9 longer, and there is only one break in the morning. The lunch break is much shorter than 10 . Its only one hour long.( ) 1. A. SydneyB. LondonC. BeijingD. Paris( ) 2.A. withB. onC. aboutD. between( ) 3.A. bigB. biggestC. smallerD. bigger( ) 4.A. isB. amC. will beD. are( ) 5.A. againstB. onC. underD. at( ) 6. A. hisB. herC. theirsD. their( ) 7.A. taughtB. teachC. teachesD. teaching( ) 8.A. endingB. endedC. endsD. end( ) 9.A. manyB. muchC. neverD. most( ) 10.A. oursB. ourC. weD. us4 阅读理解: （一 ） Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting for you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to show things to you. The lovely dogs from Australia will laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you. Come and have fun. Take photos of your wonderful visit!Tickets Adults: $ 2.00 Children: Over 12-$1.00 Under 12-Free Opening time Weekdays: 9:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Weekends: 10:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. Keep the zoo clean! Do not touch, feed or go near the animals.( ) 1.How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?A. Four. B. Five.C. Six. D. Seven( ) 2.If Mr. Smith wants to go to the zoo with his wife and his two sons, one aged 13 and the other 10, he has to pay _ for the tickets.A. $ 3.00 B. $ 4.00 C. $ 5.00 D. $ 6.00( ) 3.Which of the following is the visiting time?A. 8:00 a.m. on MondayB. 10:00 a.m. on FridayC. 9:00 a.m. on SaturdayD. 5:00 p.m. on Thursday( ) 4.The word “Zambia” in the passage refers to (指的是) _.A. a city B. a countryC. an animal D. a zoo( ) 5.Which of the following can we do in the zoo?A. To take photos.B. To throw things at monkeys.C. To give food to the animals.D. To touch the elephants.（二）阅读关于MH370的报道：Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 may have changed course and turned back toward Kuala Lumpur - but there were no indications from the pilot that he was doing so, officials said at a news conference Sunday.Officials said a recording on radar indicated the planes change of course. The latest revelation added to the questions that have puzzled authorities since the commercial jetliner, carrying 227 passengers and 12 crew members, went missing early Saturday while flying from the Malaysian capital to Beijing: what happened to the plane, why was no distress signal issued, and who exactly was aboard?Forty ships and 22 planes were scouring a portion of the South China Sea on Sunday for any sign of where the flight may have gone down, officials said at the news briefing.根据上述短文，判断下面的句子True or False.1. Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 have changed course and turned back toward Kuala Lumpur.2. There were more than two hundred people on the plane.3. The plane was going to the capital of Malaysia.4. The flight may have gone down.五补全单词1. In 1492,Christopher Columbus d_ America.2. In 1969,Neil Armstrong l_ on the moon.3. In 1953,Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary c_ to the top of Mount Qomolangma.4. “Tele” means “from f_”, “Phone” means “sound”.5. The water of the fountain can r_ 150 metres high.6. Thomas Edison was an A_ inventor.7. Marie Curie was a Polish s_.8. Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,and Neptune are p_.9. Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs is a popular f_.10.Qi Baishi was a Chinese p_六按要求改写下列句子1. The shirt cost him much money .（改为否定句） The shirt _ _ him much money .2. They have five lessons in the morning .（改为否定句） They _ _ five lessons in the morning .3. The walkman belong to me .（改为一般疑问句） _ the walkman _ to you ?4. Peter is about 1.55 meters tall （对画线部分提问） _ _ is Peter ?5. He has been a top fashion designer for a couple of years .（对画线部分提问） _ _ has he been a top fashion designer