6级冲刺试题 (三).pdf

六级冲刺试题 三 六级冲刺试题 三 Part I Writing 30 minutes Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Should Enterprises Hold an Annual Meeting You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below 现在有不少单位热衷于组织年会 1 对这种做法有人表示支持 2 有人并不赞成 3 我认为 Should Enterprises Hold an Annual Meeting Part II Reading Comprehension Skimming and Scanning 15 minutes Directions In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1 For questions 1 7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D For questions 8 10 complete the sentences with the information given in the passage The Truth about Lying Ricky Gervais s new film The Invention of Lying is about a world where lying doesn t exist which means that everybody tells the truth and everybody believes everything everybody else says I ve always hated you a man tells a work colleague He seems nice if a bit fat a woman says about her date It s all truth all the time at whatever the cost Until one day when Mark a down on his luck loser played by Gervais discovers a thing called lying and what it can get him Within days Mark is rich famous and courting the girl of his dreams And because nobody knows what lying is he goes on happily living what has become a complete and utter farce 喜剧 It s meant to be funny but it s also a more serious commentary on us all As Americans we like to think we value the truth Time and time again public opinion polls show that honesty is among the top five characteristics we want in a leader friend or lover the world is full of sad stories about the tragic consequences of betrayal At the same time deception is all around us We are lied to by government officials and public figures to a disturbing degree many of our social relationships are based on little white lies we tell each other We deceive our children only to be deceived by them in return And the average person says psychologist Robert Feldman the author of a new book on lying tells at least three lies in the first l0 minutes of a conversation There s always been a lot of lying says Feldman whose new book The Liar in Your Life came out this month But I do think we re seeing a kind of cultural shift where we re lying more it s easier to lie and in some ways it s almost more acceptable As Paul Ekman one of Feldman s longtime lying colleagues and the inspiration behind the Fox IV series Lie To Me defines it a liar is a person who intends to mislead deliberately without being asked to do so by the target of the lie Which doesn t mean that all lies are equally toxic some are simply habitual My pleasure while others might be well meaning white lies But each Feldman argues is harmful because of the standard it creates And the more lies we tell even if they re little white lies the more deceptive we and society become We are a culture of liars to put it bluntly with deceit so deeply ingrained in our mind that we hardly even notice we re engaging in it Junk e mail deceptive advertising the everyday pleasantries 客套话 we don t really mean It s so great to meet you I love that dress have as Feldman puts it become a white noise we ve learned to neglect And Feldman also argues that cheating is more common today than ever The Josephson Institute a nonprofit focused on youth ethics concluded in a 2008 survey of nearly 30 000 high school students that cheating in school continues to be rampant 猖獗 and it s getting worse In that survey 64 percent of students said they d cheated on a test during the past year up from 60 percent in 2006 Another recent survey by Junior Achievement revealed that more than a third of teens believe lying cheating or plagiarizing 抄袭 can be necessary to succeed while a brand new study commissioned by the publishers of Feldman s book shows that 18 to 34 year olds those of us fully reared in this lying culture deceive more frequently than the general population Teaching us to lie is not the purpose of Feldman s book His subtitle in fact is the way to truthful relationships But if his book teaches us anything it s that we should sharpen our skills and use them with abandon Liars get what they want They avoid punishment and they win others affection Liars make themselves sound smart and intelligent they attain power over those of us who believe them and they often use their lies to rise up in the professional world Many liars have fun doing it And many more take pride in getting away with it As Feldman notes there is an evolutionary basis for deception in the wild animals use deception to play dead when threatened But in the modern world the motives of our lying are more selfish Research has linked socially successful people to those who are good liars Students who succeed academically get picked for the best colleges despite the fact that as one recent Duke University study found as many as 90 percent of high schoolers admit to cheating Even lying adolescents are more popular among their peers And all it takes is a quick flip of the remote to see how our public figures fare when they get caught in a lie Clinton keeps his wife and goes on to become a national hero Fabricating author James Frey gets a million dollar book deal Eliot Spitzer s wife stands by his side while Appalachian hiker Mark Sanford still gets to keep his post If everyone else is being rewarded for lying don t we need to lie too just to keep up But what s funny is that even as we admit to being liars study after study shows that most of us believe we can tell when others are lying to us And while lying may be easy spotting a liar is far from it A nervous sweat or shifty eyes can certainly mean a person s uncomfortable but it doesn t necessarily mean they re lying Gaze aversion meanwhile has more to do with shyness than actual deception Even polygraph 测谎器 machines are unreliable And according to one study by researcher Bella DePaulo we re only able to differentiate a lie from truth only 47 percent of the time less than if we guessed randomly Basically everything we ve heard about catching a liar is wrong says Feldman who heads the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst Ekman meanwhile has spent decades studying micro facial expressions of liars the split second eyebrow arch that shows surprise when a spouse asks who was on the phone the furrowed 皱起的 nose that gives away a hint of disgust when a person says I love you He s trained everyone from the Secret Service to the TSA and believes that with close study it s possible to identify those tiny emotions The hard part of course is proving them A lot of times it s easier to believe says Feldman It takes a lot of cognitive effort to think about whether someone is lying to us Which means that more often than not we re like the poor dumb souls of The Invention of Lying hanging on a liar s every word no matter how untruthful they may be 1 What do we know about Mark in the film The Invention of Lying A His looks too thin for his date B He is the most honest man C Lying changes his life completely D He lives in a lying world 2 According to Robert Feldman the author of The Liar in Your Life Americans now A regard the truth as very important B tend to lie more often than before C start a conversation with three lies D hate to be deceived by their children 3 How does Robert Feldman see little white lies A They do harm to both people and the society B They are more acceptable than habitual lies C They are necessary in the social relationships D They are good intentioned and thus harmless 4 The survey of the Josephson Institute revealed in 2008 that A most students passed the examinations by cheating B few students realized the harm of deceiving C lying had become a habit of many students D cheating was spreading unrestrainedly in schools 5 What did the survey of Junior Achievement show about the teenagers A Quite a few of them believe that cheating is genetic B Many of them see deceiving as essential for success C Cheating occurs more commonly among them D They are the victims of the lying culture in fact 6 When people manage to get away with lying many of them A are proud of themselves B will make lying a habit C feel ashamed and guilty D are held in great affection 7 Feldman cited the example of wild animals to show that A wild animals are good at protecting their life B deceiving formed in the process of evolution C human beings lie in the same way with animals D modern people are more selfish than animals 8 Judging from Duke University s recent study even students recruited by top colleges seem to have before 9 Compared with being liars it is to detect a liar according to the study 10 According to Ekman who studies facial expressions a wrinkled nose probably shows one s Part III Listening Comprehension 35 minutes Section A Directions In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations At the end of each conversation one or more questions will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once After each question there will be a pause During the pause you must read the four choices marked A B C and D and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre 11 A The first house they saw is too expensive B She is happy with the price set by the seller C They may save some money for the time being D Less money will be spent in maintaining the house 12 A Enjoyable B Inspiring C Moving D Dull 13 A Be hostile to Nancy B Ask Nancy to come out C Talk to Nancy herself D Write Nancy a letter 14 A To apply for a job B To offer her a position in the company C To find out her position in the company D To make an appointment with the sales manager 15 A The stories probably weren t true B Tom usually doesn t tell funny stories C She s surprised Tom was so serious last night D She wants to know where Tom heard the stories 16 A Find a hotel nearby again in a few days B Accommodate his parents in his dormitory C Ask his parents not come until he finds a proper hotel D Phone a hotel farther from the campus for a reservation 17 A He is always punctual for his class B He rarely notices which students are late C He wants his students to be on time for class D He doesn t allow his students to tell jokes in class 18 A The man forgot to sign for the seminar B The signing is just a reassurance C The seminar was actually cancelled D The woman likes the seminar very much Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard 19 A 5 15 B 4 45 C 5 45 D 4 15 20 A He shouted at his wife B He just stood there C He crawled under the table D He lost consciousness 21 A They just lived in the first floor B Their apartment building is lower than normal C The floor below their apartment was totally flattened D The ground was heightened because of the earthquake 22 A It was gone completely B It stayed where it was before the earthquake C It moved to another place and collapsed totally D It kept standing there though moved Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard 23 A They don t get rid of flabby arms B They can damage arm muscles C They aren t acceptable to most people D They can raise one s blood pressure 24 A Exercising the entire body B Having your blood pressure taken daily C Losing weight prior to exercising D Weighing in before each exercise session 25 A Wearing arm weights while you are swimming B Jogging vigorously in one place for a long time C Using bicycles that require you to use both your arms and legs D Walking slowly while swinging your arms back and forth Section B Directions In this section you will hear 3 short passages At the end of each passage you will hear some questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard 26 A It finds some imported goods cause environmental damage B UK wastes a lot of money importing food products C It thinks people waste energy buying food from other countries D Growing certain vegetables cause environmental damage 27 A The distance that a food product travels to a market from its source area B The distance between UK and other food producing countries C The distance that a food product travels from one market to another D The distance between a Third World country and a First World food market 28 A Ghanaian tomatoes taste better than British ones B British tomatoes are healthier than Ghanaian ones C Protecting the environment may cost a lot of money D Cutting down food miles may not necessarily save fuel 29 A A supporter of free global trade B A member of the Food Commission C A supporter of First World food markets D A member of an energy development group Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard 30 A It made people save less money B It increased the number of the poor C It made people consume less D It encouraged luxury consumption 31 A Food education and automobiles B Education entertainment and tourism C Food automobiles and entertainment D Education automobiles and entertainment 32 A People were more money conscious B People were more health conscious C The price of fruit dropped dramatically D People had to spend more on transportation and furniture Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard 33 A They thought she was too young B They thought she was small in size C They thought she did not play well enough D They thought she did not show much interest 34 A They were both famous actresses B They were both popular all their lives C They were both rich and kind hearted D They were both successful when very young 35 A Turning herself into a legend B Collecting money for the poor C Doing business and helping others D Going about research and education work Section C Directions In this section you will hear a passage three times When the passage is read for the first time you should listen carefully for its general idea When the passage is read for the second time you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Finally when the passage is read for the third time you should check what you have written Dogs were first domesticated from wolves at least 17 000 years ago but perhaps as early as 150 000 years ago based upon recent genetic fossil and DNA evidence In this time the dog has developed into hundreds of breeds with a great degree of 36 For example heights at the 37 range from just a few inches to roughly three feet and colors range from white to black with reds grays and browns 38 in tremendous patterns Dogs are highly social animals and this similarity in their 39 behavioral system accounts for their trainability playfulness and ability to fit into human 40 and social situations This has earned dogs a unique position in the 41 of interspecies relationships The loyalty and 42 that dogs demonstrate as a part of their natural instincts are 43 to be reflections of the human idea of love and friendship leading many dog owners to view their pets as full fledged family members 44 Dogs play a variety of roles in society and are often trained as working dogs 45 In many countries the most common and perhaps most important role of dogs are as a companion 46 Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth 25 minutes Section A Directions In this section there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements Read the passage carefully Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2 Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage Marriage may improve your sleep and better sleep may improve your marriage two new studies suggest Women who are married or who have stable partners appear to sleep better than women who have never married or lost a partner according to research from an eight year study presented at the Associated Professional Sleep Societies annual meeting They also found that marital 婚姻的 happiness lowers the risk of sleep problems while marital conflict heightens the risk Although married women overall slept more soundly than unmarried women the researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine did identify a newly wed effect Women who were single at the start of the study but gained a partner had more restless sleep than women who were already married The researchers speculated that newly married women were less adjusted to sleeping with their partner than those who had been married longer The study included 360 middle aged African American Caucasian 高 加 索 的 and Chinese American women who had taken part in the Study of Women s Health Across the Nation Researchers used in home sleep studies activity monitors to track sleep wake patterns and relationship histories to look at the effect stable marriages unstable marriages and marital transitions such as a divorce had on sleep Another small study of 29 couples found that on a daily basis the quality of a couple s relationship and the quality of their sleep are closely linked In that study from the University of Arizona 29 heterosexual 异性的 couples who shared a bed and did not have children completed sleep and relationship diaries for a week The results showed that when men get better sleep they are more likely to feel positive about their relationship the next day And for women problems in the relationship were strongly as