高中英语定语从句与其他易混从句的比较.doc

高中英语定语从句与其他从句的比较 定语从句易与状语从句、名词性从句、强调句型、并列句、非谓语动词等结构混淆，现结合近年各地高考试题分析如下：一、与状语从句的辨析 【真题1】All the neighbors admire this family _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (2008安徽卷) A. why B. where C. which D. that 解析：B。本题为where引导的定语从句修饰先行词this family，相当于in which。 【真题2】His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (2006陕西卷) A. so B. and C. that D. as 解析：C。本题考查定语从句与(结果)状语从句的辨析，此处为suchthat结构。若从句中没有it，则为定语从句，此时先行词被such所修饰，关联词应用as。 【真题3】There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. (2004全国卷II) A. where B. which C. when D. that 解析：A。where引导定语从句，连接表示地点的先行词。句意是“在她的裤子上擦过手的地方有脏痕”。二、与名词性从句的辨析 名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，定语从句与这些从句都易混淆。 【真题4】_ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (2008福建卷) A. It B. What C. As D. Which 解析：B。本题为主语从句，根据第二个is可知应使用what，而不是it。该题涉及主语从句与定语从句的辨析，若去掉is that，则为定语从句，用as。 【真题5】Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. (2008江西卷) A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that 解析：D。该题涉及介词后接宾语从句与“介词+which”引导定语从句的辨析，解题关键看前面的名词是否在从句中充当句子成分。本句主句中的animals或the hands或Man都不在从句中充当句子成分，故都不可能是先行词。其实，in that是一个固定搭配，意为“因为，由于，在方面”。在这里in that起一个连词的作用，不是上面提到的两种中的任何一种情况，而是引导原因状语从句。 【真题6】The thought of going back home was _ kept him happy while he was working abroad. (2007上海春季卷) A. that B. all that C. all what D. which 解析：B。该题涉及表语从句与定语从句的辨析。本题可使用all(that)或what填空，前者为定语从句，后者为表语从句。 【真题7】Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot ever. (2002上海卷) A. that B. which C. of which D. what 解析：A。该题涉及定语从句与同位语从句的辨析。本题为同位语从句，说明feeling的内容，只能使用that。三、与强调句型的辨析 【真题8】Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we worked. (2007山东卷) A. that B. there C. which D. where 解析：D。该题涉及到定语从句与强调句型的辨析，完整的句子为：It was on the farm _ we worked _ I got to know her. 第一空为定语从句。第二空为强调句型。where在从句中作worked地点状语，故选D。 【真题9】It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001上海春季卷) A. which B. why C. that D. how 解析：C。该题为强调句型，而非定语从句，故选C。辨析的关键：强调句型可以通过还原法将其还原，本句还原后为：Her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village for this reason. 若将题干改为“Do you know the reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village?”，则为定语从句，应选why。四、与并列句的辨析 【真题10】The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (2005年全国卷III) A. it B. she C. which D. he 解析：A。该题考查代词的选用。根据并列连词but可知该句为并列句，而非定语从句，可排除C，若无but则选C，引导非限制性定语从句。根据句意，后一句主语为前一句整句的内容，而非某个人，故选A。 【真题11】Last week，only two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy it， (2007年安徽卷) A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 解析：D。此句为非限制性定语从句，应使用关系代词引导，不能使用人称代词，故可排除A和B。先行词为only two people，none指三者以上，故选D。若句中使用分号或句号或有soandbutthusor等连词，则为并列句，应使用人称代词指代上文中的人或事物。五、与非谓语动词结构的互换 有时，出于简洁需要，定语从句可换用非谓语动词结构来表达。例如： 【真题12】Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _. is there? (2005年北京卷) A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn 解析：B。本题主要考查定语从句作定语与非谓语动词结构作定语的互换。本题可使用定语从句(whomthat)she can turn to或to whom she can turn，该结构可简化为不定式结构to whom to turnfor her to turn to，但A，C和D结构上均有错误，故选B。【巩固练习】1. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. (2001上海卷) A. where B. which C. while D. why2. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. (2007天津卷) A. when B. whose C. which D. where3. is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004北京卷) A. It B. As C. That D. What 4. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. (2005上海卷) A. that B. which C. when D. where 5. It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (2008天津卷) A. how B. which C. that D. where 6. Hangzhou is the most beautiful city in our country, _ there is the West Lake compared to a beauty. A. where B. that C. which D. on which 7. I attended the meeting _ importance I did not realize at that time. A. whose B. of which C. which D. its 8. It has 1,100 officers, _ later went into the rural areas to organize peasants. A. many of them B. many of whom C. much of whom D. many of which 9. Nearby were two boats _ they had come to the island. A. where B. by which C. in which D. with which10. This book is _ Im looking for. A. what B. that C. which D. one11. It is a fact _ he has made some progress. A. which B. / C. that D. all the above12. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It13. Henry set up a club for football fans, _ he invited all his friends. A. to which B. to whom C. for whom D. from which14. Can you think of some cases _ drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didnt obey them? A. why B. where C. as D. which15. Barbara went to Paris a couple of years ago, by _ tim