unit9 chinese food的翻译.doc

综合英语教程 第四册 Unit9 Brainstorming(2011-02-27 16:21:06)转载标签： 教育 分类： 综合英语 1. Expressions of being healthy:be healthy, stay in good shape, have a clean bill of health, a sound mind in a sound body, fit and robust, glowing health, hale and hearty, feel like a million, cant complain, sound as a whistle, fresh, able-bodied, full of life, in the pink, physically fit, safe and sound, blooming, rosy-cheeked2. Expressions of being ill:be ill / sick / feeble and frail, come down with (flu / fever), ill health, feeling terrible / ill / awful / rotten / rundown, feeling like the walking dead / feeling rundown, feeling out of sorts, break out with, sick as a dog, on ones back, under the weather, unwell, have / run a temperature3. Expressions of treatment (medical / non-medical):take medicine, have . removed, (have an operation), therapeutic healing, injection, inoculation, medical check-up, medical tests, antibiotic treatment, cure-all, pick-me-up, painkiller, antidote, miracle drugs, medicinal, faith healer, panacea, acupuncture (针刺疗法), osteopathy (推拿疗法), homeopathy (草药疗法)4. Expressions of keeping fit:do exercise / aerobics (有氧操), stay positive, an apple a day keeps the doctor away, do yoga(逾迦), practise martial arts (武术), do soft boxing (打太极拳), practise qi-gong (气功) Notes robust a. 强健的；茁壮的 hale a. 健壮的 feeble a. 无力的；软弱的 frail a. 虚弱的；身体单薄的 disability n. 无能力；无力 therapeutic a. 有疗效的；有益健康的 antibiotic a. 抗生素的，抗菌的 painkiller n. 止痛药 antidote n. 解毒药 medicinal a. 药用的；有疗效的 palliative n. 缓和物 acupuncture n. 针刺疗法 osteopathy n. 推拿疗法 homeopathy n. 草药疗法 aerobics n. 有氧运动(操) remedy n. 治疗；药品 Few things in life are as positive as food, or are taken as intimately and completely by the individual. One can listen to music, but the sound may enter in one ear and go out through the other; one may listen to a lecture or conversation, and day-dream about many other things; one may attend to matters of business, and ones heart or interest may be altogether elsewhere . In the matter of food and eating however one can hardly remain completely indifferent to what one is doing for long. How can one remain entirely indifferent to something which is going to enter ones body and become part of oneself? How can one remain indifferent to something which will determine ones physical strength and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being? Kenneth Lo- Kenneth Lo 生活中很少有几样东西像食物一样实在，像食物一样与我们息息相关的了。你可以在听音乐时，乐声左耳进，右耳出；你可以在听报告或讲话时，梦想许多其他的事情；你可以在关照生意时，心思早已跑到九霄云外.然而，关于食物和饮食，你几乎不能很长时间漠不关心。你怎能漠不关心那些要吃进肚子里并且成为你身体一部分的东西？你怎能漠不关心那些将决定你的体力甚至情操气节的东西？肯尼士.罗 summary Kenneth Lo thinks that eating is the most important thing in life.author Keenth Lo, a Chinese British, is a well-known gourmet and successful restaurant owner. He wrote a number of books on food.1. Few things in life are as positive as food, or are taken as intimately and completely by the individual.grammatical point as.asThe first as is often dropped in an informal style, especially in American English.Shes hard as nails.When a personal pronoun follows the second as, we can use either a subject-form or an object-form. Subject forms are more common in a formal style, but object-forms are much more common in informal speech and writing.She is as clever as me.The dress is twice as expensive as that.He looks as ill as he sounded on the phone.2. One can listen to music, but the sound may enter in one ear and go out through the other.enter in one ear and go out through the other: go in at one ear and out at the out, be heard but either ignored or quickly forgotten一耳进，一耳出；左耳进，右耳出；当作耳边风Youve forgotten to buy the eggs! It (i.e. What I tell you) enters in one ear and go out through the other.3. .one may attend to matters of business, and ones heart or interest may be altogether elsewhere.paraphrase One may take care of business matters, and at the same time one may be absent-minded.4. In the matter of food and eating however one can hardly remain completely indifferent to what one is doing for long.in the matter of sth.: concerning sth.关于某事物I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.idiomsIts all, (only, etc) a matter of time (before.): This consequence is inevitable though it may not happen immediately只是迟早的问题let the matter drop / rest: stop mentioning sth. or trying to change it就此作罢make matters worse: make an already difficult situation more difficult将事情弄得更糟糕a matter of sth. / doing sth. 涉及之问题a matter of life or death: issue that is crucial to survival, success, etc生死攸关的事情；成败关键a matter of opinion: issue on which there is disagreement见仁见智的事Its simply a matter of time before the rebels are crushed.She reluctantly agreed to let the matter drop.Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse.Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.Of course this must have priority - its a matter of life and death.She is a fine singer. Thats a matter of opinion.be indifferent to sb. / sth.: having no interest in sb. / sth.漠不关心，毫不在乎How can you be indifferent to thee sufferings of starving people?5. How can one remain indifferent to something which will determine ones physical strength and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being?determine: decide forcefully, strongly决定，决意 cause something to be decided确定He determined to work harder.The money we have will determine how long we can stay there.and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being:and food can determine whether a person is spiritual and morally strong and soundultimately: considered as a foundation or base 基础地，基本地The president is ultimately responsible for the affair.moral: concerning character, behavior, or actions, considered or judged as being good or evil, right or wrong道德上的；based on the idea of what is right (compared with what is lawful)精神上的，良心上的，道义上的Commercial matters must be judged by moral as well as business standards.His judgment was based on the law of the land and not on moral law.cf. ethical: morally right or good合乎道德的I shouldnt do that; it isnt ethical. Para 1 This is an easy question for a Chinese to ask, but a Westerner might find it difficult to answer. Many people in the West are gourmets and others are gluttons, but scattered among them also is a large number of people who are apparently pretty indifferent to what goes into their stomachs, and do not regard food as having any ultimate moral effect on them. How, they might ask, could eating a hamburger or drinking Coca Cola contribute anything to making you a saint or a sinner? For them, food is quite simply a fuel. 对于中国人而言，这是一个很容易问的问题，但在西方人看来就可能难以回答。西方有很多人是美食家，其他的便是贪食者。而在他们中间又夹着一大批这样的人，他们看上去对那些进入他们胃里的东西毫不在意，也从不去想食物对他们会有什么精神上的影响。他们也许会问，难道吃一个汉堡或喝一罐可乐就会使你变成圣人或罪人？在他们眼中，食物仅仅是用来填饱肚子的。 summary A large number of Westerners regard food simply as a kind of fuel and do not think that it has any moral effect on them.1. Many people in the West are gourmets and others are gluttons, but scattered among them also is a large number of people who are apparently indifferent to what goes into their stomachs, and do not regard food as having any ultimate moral effect on them.gourmet: n. person who enjoys and is expert in the choice of fine food, wines, etc. 美食家gourmet restaurant: a place serving fine food 菜肴精美的餐馆glutton: person who eats too much 贪吃的人，吃得过多的人Youve eaten the whole pie, you glutton!idiom glutton for sth.: person always ready for more (of sth. difficult or unpleasant) 甘于承受更多困难、不快事物的人scatter: v. (of things or persons) to go, usu quickly, in different directions 分散，散去The people scattered when the soldiers came.stomach: n. (informal) front part of the body between the chest and thighs; abdomen 肚子； bag-like organ of the body into which food passes when swallowed and in which the first part of digestion occurs 胃He hit me in the stomach.Its unwise to swim on a full stomach, i.e. when one has just eaten a meal.idiomsstomach for sth.: desire or eagerness for sth. 对某事物的欲望或渴求I had no stomach for a fight.sbs eyes are bigger that his stomach: sb. is too greedy in asking for or taking more food than he can eat 眼大肚小；眼馋肚饱He is a person whose eyes are bigger than his stomach.a strong stomach: ability not to feel nausea不感到恶心You have to have a strong stomach to watch animals being slaughtered.turn ones stomach: to cause sb. to be disgusted or revolted使某人反胃或恶心The film about eye operations turned my stomach.regard as: to consider as 视为，认为是I regard your action as a crime.have effect on: to change produced by an action or cause; result or outcome 效应；结果；后果The film had quite an effect on her.idiomsbring / put sth. into effect: to cause sth. to come into use 使某物开始使用come into effect: (esp of laws, rules, etc) to reach the stage of being in use （尤指法律，规则等）实施，实行give effect to sth: to cause sth. to become active or produce a result 使某事物实行起来，使生效The new system will soon be put into effect.The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week.The new ruling gives effect to recommendations of the special committee.2. How, they might ask, could eating a hamburger or drinking Coca Cola contribute anything to making you a saint or a sinner?hamburger: flat round cake of minced beef, usu fried and eaten with onions, often in a bread roll 汉堡包Coca Cola: popular non-alcoholic carbonated drink 可口可乐contribute to: 1) be one of the causes 有助于；促成，是的部分原因 2) join with others in giving or supplying (money, help, etc) 捐（款），捐助；（和别人在一起）出力协助 3) increase sth.; add to sth. 增加某事物，添加到某事物中去Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.Although he has plenty of money he never contributes to anybodys leaving present at work.Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject.saint: a person of a holy and admired way of life, esp one given the title of saint in the Roman Catholic Church after death 圣者；圣徒He is one of the living saints of Hinduism.sinner: a person who has done wrong 罪人We should help sinners.Para 2 Kenneth Lo, however, expresses a point of view that is profoundly different and typically Chinese, deriving from thousands of years of tradition. The London restaurateur Fu Tong, for example, quotes no less an authority than Confucius (the ancient sage known in Chinese as Kng-Fu-Tzu) with regard to the primal importance of food. Food, said the sage, is the first happiness. Fu Tong adds: Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life, to be thought about in advance; to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation; and to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating. 然而，肯尼士罗提出了一种截然不同的观点。这种观点具有典型的中国意味，可谓沿袭了中国数千年的传统。以伦敦的餐馆老板符同为例。关于饮食之重要性，他引用了象孔夫子那样一位权威的说法。圣人云，民以食为天。符同补充到：对于我的同胞们而言，饮食是生活的一大乐事，事先要考虑策划，准备过程中要倾注心血，然后要花足够的时间体会，最后享用的快乐。 summary The writer explains Los typical Chinese position and gives us an addition.1. Kenneth Lo, however, expresses a point of view that is profoundly different and typically Chinese, deriving from thousands of years of tradition.a point of view: attitude; opinions 态度，看法，观点This is unacceptable from my point of view on nuclear power.idiomsa point of order: (in formal discussions, e.g., debates) matter of correct procedure according to the rules （正式讨论中，如答辩时）（符合规定的）程序问题a point of honor / conscience: thing of great importance to ones honor or conscience 关系到荣誉或良心的事On a point of order, Mr. Chairman, can associate members vote on this matter?I always pay my debts punctually; its a point of honor with me.derive from sth.: to trace sth. from ( a source) 源自；源于Thousands of English words derive from Latin.phrase derive sth. from sth.: to obtain sth. from sth. 得到；获得；对某事物追本穷源She derived no benefit from the source of drugs.We can derive the word derelict from the Latin derelictus.2. The London restaurateur Fu Tong, for example, quotes no less an authority than Confucius (the ancient sage known in Chinese as Kung-Fu-Tzu) with regard to the primal importance of food. Food, said the sage, is the first happiness.paraphrase For instance, the London manager Fu Tong cites an important authority as Confucius (the ancient sage known in Chinese as Kung-Fu-Tzu) in relation to the supreme importance food.restaurateur: n. manager or owner of a restaurant 餐馆的经理或老板Fu Tong is a restaurateur.quote: 1) to mention in order to add power to ones own point of view 举例（以增强自己的观点）；2) to repeat in speech or writing the words of another (supposedly powerful) 引用；引述；引证；3) to give (a price) 开（价），报（价），喊（价）He quoted the case of the man whose wife went with him to Alaska.Dont quote me on that!The value of the pound was quoted regularly.no less an authority than Confucius: an authority as Confucius 如孔夫子那样的权威idiomno less a person / a thing than: that very important person/thing 非常重要之人/事Confucius: 孔子（前551-前479），名丘，字仲尼，生于鲁国陬邑昌平乡（今山东曲埠东城东南），中国春秋末期伟大的思想家和教育家，儒家学派的创始人。中国第一位职业教师，名言有学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆、讷于言而敏于行、德不孤，必有邻。no less than: as many as, as much as 不少于，多达We have no less than five acquaintances in this meeting.We won no less than $500 in a competition.idiom less and less, at a continually decreasing rate 越来越少地She found the job less and less attractive.with / in regard to sb. / sth.: in connection with sb. / sth. 关于某人/某物I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints.idiom as regards sb. / sth.: concerning or connected with sb. / sth. 关于或至于某人/某物I have little information as regards his past.primal: adj. first in importance 最重要的，首要的；belonging to, or as if belonging to, original 早期的，原始的As a producer, he must consider the primal necessity.Its primal glories will never return.sage: n. very wise man 圣人，智者He once consulted the sages of the tribe.3. Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life, to be thought in advance; to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation; and to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating.ecstasy: (feeling of state) great joy or happiness 狂喜He went back in an ecstasy of delight.in advance of sth.: beforehand; ahead in time 预先，事先，事前The rent must be paid in advance.to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation: Great love and care are to be given to the preparation of food.smother sth. / sb. with / in sth.: to cover sth. / sb., give an excessive amount of sth.以覆盖/笼罩The mother smothers his baby with love.to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating: to spend plenty of time enjoying the food.lavish sth. on / upon sb. / sth.: give sth. to sb. / sth. abundantly and generously 慷慨而大量的将某物给.Nowadays many parents lavish care on their only child.Para 3 Lo observes that when Westerners go to a restaurant they ask for a good table, which means a good position from which to see and be seen. They are usually there to be entertained socially-and also, incidentally, to eat. When the Chinese go to a restaurant, however, they ask for a small room with plain walls where they cannot be seen except by the members of their own party, where jackets can come off and they can proceed with the serious business which brought them there. The Chinese intentions are both honourable and whole-hearted: to eat with a capital E. 罗注意到，西方人去餐馆，往往会要求一张好的桌子，这所谓好的桌子实际上是一个有利地势，既能眼观别人又能引别人注目。他们去那儿通常是为了社交上的娱乐-顺便填饱肚子。而中恩去餐馆则会要求一个素雅朴实的小房间。在那儿，除了共同进餐的同伴，不会有其他人注意到他们。他们可以脱去外套，放心享用美餐。中国人的意图是既要体面又要尽兴 要的就是吃个痛快。 summary This paragraphs tells us the difference between the West and the Chinese in terms of going to a restaurant.1. Lo observes that when Westerners go to a restaurant they ask for a good tableobserve: to see and notice act 观察，看到； to be in accordance with law or custom 遵守（法律或习俗）They are observed entering the bank at 8.32.Does everyone observe the speed limits in your country?ask for sb. / sth.: to say that one wants to see or speak to sb. or to be given or directed sth. 要求见某人，要某事物，要指点Yesterday I asked for the manager in the office.phrase ask after sb.: to request information about sb. health 问候，问安He always asks after you in his letters.2. When the Chinese go to a restaurant, however, they ask for a small room with plain walls where they cannot be seen except by the members of their own party, where jackets can come off and they can proceed with the serious business which brought them there.plain walls: walls unadorned with paintings, pictures, etcjacket: n. a short coat with sleeves, often the top half of a suit 有袖短上衣，夹克He wore a brown jacket and grey trousers.cf. coat anorakcoat: n. an out garment with long sleeves, often fastened at the front with buttons, an usu worn for warmth or protection长袖外套，上衣anorak: n. a short coat which has a protective hood for the head and which keeps out wind and rain 带风帽的外衣She was wearing a fur coat.Her grey anorak was bought last e off: to become detached or separated from sth 从某物上脱落或分离；to fall from sth.从某物上掉下A button has come off my coat.When I tried to learn how to ride on a bicycle, I came off ceed with the serious business: to go on with the serious business of eatingproceed: 1) to begin and continue (some course of action)开始，着手进行； 2)to continue (after stopping) （中断后）继续，接着做； 3) to advance;to move forward or move along a course行进，前进Now that tour plans are settled let us proceed.You neednt stop speaking when someone enters the courtroom; please proceed.After the ceremony at the railway station the minister and his guests proceeded to the palace.3. The Chinese intentions are both honourable and whole-hearted: to eat with a capital E.intention: (an act or result of ) intending, planning, hop