)先生饲养寿惠广锦(sierironisiki)已经有四个春秋了.doc

岩永(Iwanaga )先生饲养寿惠广锦（sierironisiki）已经有四个春秋了，当时它还被称作布鲁斯顿朱文金，在这几年的饲养过程中，经过了大大小小的30次的繁殖产卵，由此感触颇多，接下来便简单分享一下关于寿惠广锦繁殖方面的心得体会。Mr.Iwanaga has been raised sierironisiki for four years.At that time, it was called bristol shubunkin. During the four years, Mr. Iwanaga has witnessed these fish reproduce themselves by laying eggs for about 30 times. These procedures impressed him a lot.Here he want to share his acquaintance about reproduction of sierironisiki as below.在日本，金鱼的产卵一般选择在春天，依照如此规律，岩永先生曾经尝试在春季繁殖，但是由于日本比英国气候更加温暖，金鱼的成长也较为迅速，尾部也较为伸展。因此，经常会发现有很多尚未过一年生日的寿惠广锦，竟然在身体未长大之前便显现出上尾下垂，整体尾部伸展的婀娜之态了。In Japan, goldfish are accustomed to laying eggs in spring. According to this regulation, Mr. Iwanaga once tried to breed goldfish in spring.However, because the weather in Japan is much warmer than in England, goldfish grow at a faster speed and their tails are much more stentering. As a result, it is very common that some fish less than one year have already had dorsal fins and outstreched tails before their bodies become mature.寿惠广锦的祖先是布鲁斯顿朱文金（bristol Shubunkin)，日本繁殖出的朱文金 （Shubunkin)经由美国英国布鲁斯顿等地，经过部分改良，最终命名为布鲁斯顿朱文金。在英国等地80余年之中，相继设立了朱文金同好会，并首次将其作为比赛用鱼进行饲养繁殖。在布鲁斯顿的78月夏季的温度平均在22左右，因此相对于大阪来说，更能为金鱼提供舒适的生活环境，这对于金鱼的生长发育也是大有益处的。如果金鱼生长较慢，其尾部的伸展也会较为迟缓，能形成唯美的心形。某些未满一年的个体，其尾部伸展就很完全，这些个体比较适应英国全年较低温度的金鱼。The ancestor of sierironisiki is bristol shubunkin.Shubunkin from Japan are improved partly when passing through Bristol of America and England, and at last they are named bristol shubunkin.For over 80 years in England and other areas, they established Shubunkin Common Interests Committee and bred shunbunkin as official fish for the first time.In Bristols summer,22 average temperature in July and August are much better than Osaka to provide shubunkin a comfortable living environment.It is also very helpful for goldfishs growth.If the fish grow slower, the spray of their tail will be lower down as well to form a beautiful heart-shape. Some fish leass than one year have completely outstreched tails. These fish can adjust themselves to lower temperature weather of England.坦白地说，心形尾部的金鱼并非对岩永先生有很大的吸引力，岩永先生钟情于那些尾部的心形伸展开来，在水中游泳的时候优雅婀娜的个体。这一类金鱼的尾部上下展开，伸展成为一个扇形。对于更热衷于扇形尾部的岩永先生来说，一直在追寻完美的扇形尾部，因此便将拥有心形尾部的布鲁斯顿朱文金更名为寿惠广锦。所谓寿惠广锦，在日文中是扇子的意思，表示尾部宽而舒展的姿态。Frankly speaking, heart-shaped goldfish dont attract Mr.Iwanaga very much, while their streched heart-shaped tails and graceful wandering bodies are very charming.This kind of goldfish strech their tails up and down to a fan shape. Mr.Iwanaga has strong interets in fanshaped tails and are always seeking perfect fanshaped tails.So he renamed bristol shubunkin with heart-shaped tails as sierironisiki, which means fan in Janpanese and is expressed as the posture of a wide and smooth tail. 岩永先生一般会选择在10月2月左右对寿惠广锦进行产卵，这样在初春产卵后，随着夏季的来临温度渐渐上升，幼鱼的尾部也渐渐伸展。然后再在1620的水温中好好饲养幼鱼。在7月9月的高温环境下一定要注意控制饵料的量，尽量培育出较为大型的个体。Mr.Iwanaga often help sierironisiki lay eggs in October to next Feburary. So after reproduction is early spring, when summer comes,the tails of young fish will gradually spread out with the rise of temperature, and they can be well raised in 16 to 20 water.However, in order to breed good-sized fish, it is very important to control the quantity of bait in such a high temperature in July to Semptember.岩永先生第一次选种一般选择在孵化后的1420天后，那时候的幼鱼还很小，还不能很容易地分辨出尾部形态的优劣，因此这次筛选主要从体型大小上选择，留下生长较好的个体。一般来说，在第一次筛选后数量会剩下三分之一，比如：3000尾金鱼最终淘汰2000尾。孵化20天后的金鱼很容易从形体上分辨出优劣。Mr.Iwanaga will start the first seed selection in 14 to 20days after breeding.At that period, young fish are still too small to distinguish good shaped tails from the bad ones.So this selection is to select strong body formed fish from the lack ones.Generally speaking, after the fist selection, only one third fish will be left. For example,2000 of 3000 fish will be eliminated.It is very easy to judge after 20days from its breeding.出生后一个月后，便可以判断出尾部的形态优劣。这一时期的选别主要从尾部的厚度出发。所谓厚度选别主要淘汰的是那些尾部中心位置深深凹陷的个体，另外还有尾部上下展开后呈垂直状。一般在出生一个月后再开始喂食丰年虾，喂食一段时间后可适当喂食冷冻饵料。After one month, it can be pointed out whether their tails shape is good or not. This time, the selection is based on the thickness of the tail.According to this standard,it will eliminate those fish whose tails is middle cupped and appear as a straaight posture when spraying.After a month, the fish can be fed shrimp, after some time, can be sometimes frozen bait.到了两个月的时候，幼鱼长到了5cm大小，这以后便可以喂食人工饲料和冷冻饲料了。出生后三个月，寿惠广锦的色泽便会显现出来，随后大约一年的时间颜色便可以固定下来。另外还会出现很多杂色品种，最常见到的是浅绿色个体，而且这一品种也颇受鱼友的喜爱。在寿惠广锦的鉴赏中，最受欢迎的便是颜色对比较为明显的红黑两个品系，今后岩永先生也将寿惠广锦的培育转向深色系个体。When the fish is two-month-old, they has grown to 5cm long.Then you can feed them artificial or frozen feed. After three months, the fishs color will emerge, which will be regular after one yar followed.Besides, there will be many other color fish,many of which are light green fish. Those fish is also welcomed by fish enthusiasts.During appreciation of sierironisiki,the most popular is two contrasting color-red and black kinds. From then on, Mr.Iwanaga turn to breed dark color series. 之前4年间，岩永先生在饲养布鲁斯顿朱文金的同时，慢慢地将寿惠广锦的形态大致固定下来，岩永先生想培育短尾血统的金鱼应该是今后的一个趋势。这样一来，个体的大型化便成为一种可能。2530cm大小的寿惠广锦相比20cm的个体也许更有魅力更具奢华之感，尾部的扇形也更能彰显得淋漓尽致。In the past four years, when Mr.Iwanaga bred bristol shubunkin,he began to fix the posture of sierironisiki briefly.Mr.Iwanaga thought breeding short tail goldfish will be the future trend.So the upsizing of fish will be possible.25cm to 30cm long sierironisiki will be much more attractive and graceful than the 20cm ones.其实，在中国这个世界第一的金鱼大国中不乏众多色泽、平衡感俱佳的金鱼个体，其品种改良技术实属高超。在日本金鱼饲养繁育者渐渐减少的今天，岩永先生更有一种想饲养畜优雅完美的金鱼的愿望，希望与中国众多的金鱼爱好者一同将寿惠广锦的魅力发扬光大。Actually,in China, the largest goldfish country of the world, there are many fish with beautiful clolr and excellent balance.Their improvement technology is really outstanding.Nowadays, in Japan, goldfish breeder decreased day ba day, so Mr.Iwanaga have a much stroner wish to breed graceful and perfect goldfish and hope to bring the charm of sierironisiki to a great height togother with Chinese goldfish enthusiasts.秋天到来了，也终于到了产卵的季节，以下就寿惠广锦（sierironisiki）的产卵问题进行详细解释。我在进行室内寿惠广锦繁殖的时候，大多采用人工受精的方法。如果不在水族箱中观察，便很难把握雌雄寿惠广锦的适宜交配时期，其实，在水族箱中观察会更容易一些，只向其中投入想要繁育出的种鱼即可。雄鱼的追星和向雌鱼的追尾都是很容易看出来的，如果雄鱼开始了追尾，就要每天注意雌鱼的腹部，特别是肛门的情况，饲养者会发现到了产卵前期肛门会明显鼓起。如果具备上述特征，那么就是要产卵了。只要确定寿惠广锦的腹部已经变得柔软，肛门部分突起，便可以在傍晚时分将两尾交配的寿惠广锦放入产卵用藻和产卵池中去了。由于繁殖的需要偶尔进行“夜间行动”也是必要的。It was autumn, the lagging season.I will explain the details about sierironisikis reproduction.I always take artificial fertilization in indoor sierionisiki breeding.It will be not difficult to assure the best time of mating when putting fish in the aquarium.In fact, aquarium makes our observation more easier.The only thing we need to do is to put our planed parent fish in it.The chasing of male fish and their chasing after the tails of female fish are very plain to see. If the male fish start chasing, we should observe the belly of the female fish, especially their anal.Breeders will find that their anal will bulge before their lagging.And if it is so, they are going to lay eggs.When you are sure that sierironisikis belly become very soft and its anal bulges, in evening you can put two mating fish into lagging-egg hornworts or lagging-egg pond.Due to reproduction need, sometimes night actions are necessary. 一旦发现开始繁殖产卵，便可以把雌雄亲鱼一同取出，放在人工藻上，这是为了能让精子和卵子很好地结合。这时可以两手同时拿着雌雄两尾鱼，同时挤压，初次尝试着可以先考虑采取一对一的交配方式。轻轻地用拇指从头尾部滑动，如果用力过猛很容易把卵挤压出来，因此要采取试探性按压的方法，采取这种方法可以使卵充分地散开，从而能够更好地与精子结合。这一过程最好保持在1分钟以内，一旦精子与卵子结合时间有所推迟受精率会大大降低。一般来说，雌雄亲体交配后需要休息45分钟再进行下一轮的交配，如果卵子不能很顺利出来可以不断尝试34次，直到产卵过后可以将其移到其他水族箱。Once the fish start lagging, you can take male and female fish out and put them on artificial hornworts to make sure the sperm fertilizes the egg. At this time, you can hold this two fish by your two hands and press them at the same time, to try one-to-one mating for the first time.Using your thumb to slip from the head to the tail, in case of press th eggs out, you should take tentative pressure instead of too much strength, so the eggs can be spread completely to be better fertilized by the sperm. This should last within one miniute.If the fertilization is delayed,the fertilization rate will be decreased. Generally speaking, the mating fish need 4 to 5 minutes rest before their next mating.If the egg cannot be lagged out as usual, you can try 3 to 4 times. After the lagging, the fish can be moved to other aquariums. 采取人工受精的优点在于可以最大限度地减少种鱼的疼痛和疲劳感，防止在产卵过程中种鱼吃掉卵子的情况的发生。曾经一位鱼友在进行寿惠广锦产卵的过程中，将尚未成熟的雄鱼与雌鱼交配，最终产下的卵子呈白色，然后将人工藻取出连同容器进行清洗，其实这种做法是不可取的。因为在清洗人工藻的同时，很容易将附着于其上即将诞生的卵和幼鱼一同清洗掉。他仅仅看到白色非健康的卵，而那些附着人工藻上的大约1000尾的卵，就在不知不觉的清洗中“断送了性命”，因此这点很值得注意。The advantage of artificial fertilization is to minimize the ache and tireness of parent fish and prevent parent fish eating the eggs during lagging.Once, a fish love made