高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（43）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（43）及答案阅读理解a rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16.rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world.losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.in the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources (资源): land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. this action affects the environment as a whole. for example，a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests. people obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.there are two main reasons for this. firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world s wood supply.rainforests are often called the worlds drug store. more than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. however, fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. it is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the worlds shrinking rainforests.【文章大意概括】文章论述了热带雨林的重要作用以及对环境的影响。1、rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they_.a. reflect more heat into the atmosphereb. bring about high rainfall throughout the worldc. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16d. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth【详解剖析】因果判断题。由文章第一段内容可以得出答案。【最佳选项】d2、what does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?a. we will lose much more than we can gain.b. humans have begun destroying rainforests.c. people have a strong desire for resources.d. much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.【详解剖析】由上下文内容可知，a项正确。【最佳选项】a3、it can be inferred from the text that_.a. we can get enough resources without rainforestsb. there is great medicine potential in rainforestsc. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained landd. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns【详解剖析】推测判断题。由文章最后一段内容即可得出答案。【最佳选项】b4、what might be the best title for the text?a. how to save rainforestsb. how to protect naturec. rainforests and the environmentd. rainforests and medical development【详解剖析】主旨大意题。整篇文章主要论述了热带雨林的重要作用以及砍伐热带雨林对环境所造成的影响。【最佳选项】c1july 21st,2007 was a typical english summers day it rained for 24 hours! as usual, i rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. nothing was amiss. by the time i left work at 5 pm, however，the road into our village was flooded. our house had never been flooded but, as i opened the front door, a wave of water greeted me. thank god the kids werent with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. we lost everything downstairs. and the plaster had to be torn off the walls, ceilings pulled down.at first we tried to push on through. we didnt want to move the children out of home, so we camped upstairs. we put a sheet of plastic across the floor to protect us from the damp. but after three months, we felt very sick, so we moved to a wooden house in a park. the house was small, but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place. unfortunately, things took longer than expected and we were there for 10 months. the life there was inconvenient. what surprised me most was how much i missed being part of a community (社区). we had lived in a friendly village with good neighbours，and id never thought how much id miss that.although our situation was very bad, its difficult to feel too sorry for yourself when you look at whats happening elsewhere. i watched a news report about floods in northern india and thought，“we didnt have a straw hut(茅草房) that was swept away, and our house is still standing. were lucky.”we moved back home in august. with december coming，theres still reconstruction work to be done, so its difficult to prepare for christmas. but i cant waitim going to throw a party for our friends in the village to say thanks for their support. this year, i wont need any gifts living away from home for months has made me realize how little we actually need or miss all our possessions. although we are replacing things, theres really no rushwe have our home back, and thats the main thing.【文章大意概括】洪水给生活带来了困难，但在灾害面前，也能获得更多对人生的认识。5what does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?a. wrong.b. missing.c. right. d. found.【详解剖析】猜测词义题。从第一段中“as usual，i rushed home from work.”可知作者还是像往常那样赶回家，因此没有什么不正常的，故选择a。【最佳选项】a6it can be inferred from the text that the author_.a. was sick of staying upstairsb. cared much about her childrenc. could not stand living in a wooden housed. did not deal well with her family affairs during the flood【详解剖析】推理判断题。从第一段第五句thank god the kids werent with me，.可以看出作者最关心(在意)孩子。【最佳选项】b7why does the author say that they were lucky in the third paragraph?a. because her situation was not serious.b. because many other places were flooded.c. because she had been to northern india.d. because some others suffered even more.【详解剖析】事实细节题。当作者看到印度北部遭受的洪水灾难比自己的更惨痛的报道时，深感自己应该庆幸。【最佳选项】d8what does the author mainly want to express by telling her story?a. she valued human feelings more than before.b. she realized she almost didnt need possessions.c. she found christmas gifts no longer badly needed.d. she thought her own home was the most important.【详解剖析】主旨大意题。从最后一段对即将来临的圣诞节的准备“.theres really no rushwe have our home back，and thats the main thing.”可知作者通过这次洪水认识到了她比以前更加珍惜人们之间的情感，故选择a。 (201*全国卷，a)since 1984 ，philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. one by one，graffiticovered walls are being changed into outdoor art. so far，more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted. philadelphia now has more murals than any other american city. the walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鸦) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the mural arts program (map). its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. the program began as part of philadelphias antigraffiti network. jane golden is the maps artistic director. “when people ask me what our program is about, ”she says，“i answer them with one word: hope.” each year, the map offers youth art programs and workshops. some onetime graffiti writers even help paint map murals.the maps work, says golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). when a neighborhood requests a mural，the map works with the people there to develop a message. some messages have been “safe streets，”“love and care, ”and “peace walk.”the map receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. last year，the workers painted 140 murals.“the making of a mural enters peoples collective memory as an extraordinary，pleasant moment in neighborhood history，”says golden，who began as a muralist in los angeles. 本文论述了费城通过map这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。1. what can be the best title for the text?a. love，from graffiti writers to muralistsb. map, a new company in philadelphiac. jane，an excellent mural artistd. hope，one wall at a time答案：d。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍费城通过map这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。2. what is the mural arts program in philadelphia aimed at?a. helping the young find jobs.b. protecting the neighborhood.c. fighting against graffiti.d. attracting more visitors.答案：c。细节理解题。由第二段的“the program began as part of philadelphias antigraffiti network.”可知c项正确。3. how does the map decide on the message for a mural?a. by having discussions with people in the community.b. by seeking advice from the city government.c. by learning from the young graffiti writers.d. by studying the history of the city.答案：a。细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知答案为a项。4which of the following words best describes the work of the map?a. difficult. b. dangerous.c. experimental. d. successful.答案：d。推理判断题。由文章第四段可知the map每周会收到很多的邀请，每年会画很多的壁画，故可推出工作很成功，答案为d项。b(2011湖北卷，b)howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack.as pack animals，wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other.there are different explanations of a wolfs howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.one theory is that wolves howl to bond better together.its almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. but this theory may be wrong，explains fred hharrington，a professor who studies wolf behaviour.indeed，there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus，and the next，quarreling among each other.it appears that usually the lowestranking members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times.so is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? why do wolves howl for sure?what is clear，however，is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times.when this happens，howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.howling，interestingly，is a contagious behaviour.when one wolf starts to howl，very likely others will follow.this is often seen to occur in the morning，as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to report their presence.动物的嚎叫有其目的性，而人的对唱也是为了呼唤同伴，所以人们认为两者在这一方面是相同的；但专家似乎发现，狼的嚎叫不仅仅是为了呼朋引伴，因为有时也会争斗，因此，研究之后，专家发现：狼的嚎叫可能是个传染形式的行为，有时也是为了呼唤同伴。5what is the possible similarity between wolves howling together and humans singing in chorus?athe act of calling each other.bthe sense of accomplishment.cthe act of hunting for something.dthe sense of belonging to a group.答案：d。细节判断题。从第二段的信息词“bond better together”以及“help the pack stay together”等可以确定两者的共同点与选项d的说法是一致的。6why does harrington think the“social bond”theory may be wrong?awolves separate from each other after howling.bwolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.cwolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.dwolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.答案：c。细节判断题。根据第三段中提到的“and the next, quarrelling among each other”以及“it appears that.be punished for joining.”都可以表明选项c的说法是符合原文之意的。7researchers are sure that wolves often howl to_.ashow their ranks bfind their companionscreport the missing onesdexpress their loneliness答案：b。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句话的信息词“locate each other”以及最后一句中的“appears to be an excellent means of gathering”都可以明确：狼的嚎叫正是为了找伴儿，故选项b的说法是最符合原文的。8“howling.is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_.ahowling is a signal for huntingbhowling is a way of communicationchowling often occurs in the morningdhowling spreads from one to another答案：d。句意理解题。从最后一段中的第二句话中可以找到contagious一词的理解：一个随着一个的去做事情，如同选项d所说的那样。*06*06*结束 in ancient egypt ，the pharaoh(法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. however, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.shades of that spirit spread over today s conversations.once a friend and i packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. as we walked lightheartedly out the door，picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “oh boy, bad day for a picnic. the weatherman says it s going to rain.” i wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.several months ago i was racing to catch a bus.as i breathlessly put my handful of cash across the greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “oh that bus left five minutes ago.” dreams of headcutting!it s not the news that makes someone angry. it s the unsympathetic attitude with which it s delivered. everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. a doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. a boss informing an employee he didn t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone.big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. when you are tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn t ready yet? when you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? it makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.had m