高考英语二轮专题复习 单项填空 情态动词和虚拟语气提分训练（真题集锦含解析）新人教版(1).doc

情态动词和虚拟语气1.(2010全国卷it29) just be patient.you_expect the world to change so soon.a. cant b. neednt c. may not d. will not2.(2010全国卷iit17) im afraid mr. harding _ see you now. hes busy.a.cant b.mustnt c.shouldnt d. neednt3.(2010江苏卷t25) i havent got the reference book yet, but ill have a test on the subject next month. dont worry. you _ have it by friday.a. could b. shall c. must d. may 4.(2010江苏卷t34)george is going to talk about the geography of his country, but id rather he_ more on its culture.a. focus b. focused c. would focus d. had focused5.(2010安徽卷t26)bob would have helped us yesterday, but he .a. was busy b. is busy c. had been busy d. will be busy6.(2010安徽卷t32) jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.a. would be b. would have beenc. must be d. must have been 7.(2010北京卷t 23)good morning. ive got an appointment with miss. smith in the personnel department.ah, good morning. you be mrs. peters.a. might b. must c. would d. can8.(2010北京卷t34)the weather has been very hot and dry.yes. if it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! and my vegetables _. a. wouldnt die b. didnt die c. hadnt died d. wouldnt have died9(2010福建卷t29) teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.a. not allow b. do not allowc. mustnt allow d. couldnt allow10.(2010湖南卷t23)you buy a gift, but you can if you want to.a. must b. mustnt c. have to d. dont have to11.(2010湖南卷t29)if he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.a. followedb. should followc. had followedd. would follow12.(2010江西卷t23) i have told you the truth. i keep repeating it?a. mustb. canc. mayd. will13.(2010辽宁卷t26)doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.acan bwill cmust dmay14.(2010山东卷t25)i_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams.a. shouldnt b. neednt c. couldnt d. mustnt15.(2010陕西卷t15)if we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. a. take b. had taken c. took d. have taken16.(2010陕西卷t23)may i take this book out of the reading room?no, you . you read it in here. a. mightnt b. wont c. neednt d. mustnt17.(2010上海卷t29)sorry, professor smith. i didnt finish the assignment yesterday. oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.a. must b. mustnt c. should d. shouldnt18.(2010四川卷t3) i take the book out? im afraid not.a. will b. may c. must d. need 19.(2010天津卷t9)mark_have hurried. after driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.a. neednt b. wouldnt c. mustnt d. couldnt 20. (2010天津卷t15) john went to the hospital alone.if he _me about it, i would have gone with him.a. should tell b. tells c. told d. had told21.(2010浙江卷t10)had i known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _. a. would have been saved b. had been savedc. will be saved d. was saved22.(2010浙江卷17) “you _ have a wrong number,”she said. “theres no one of that name here. ”a. need b. can c. must d. would23. (2010重庆卷t21)you_ park here! its an emergency exit.a. wouldnt b. neednt c. couldnt d. mustnt【答案解析】1.【解析】选a。句意：耐心一点儿，你不能期望世界变化太快。cant在否定句中可以表示推测，意为“一定不，不可能”，可以表示语气很强的否定推测；意为“不能够”，也可以表示命令，不允许或没有能力，neednt表示“不必要”， may not表示“可能不会”，语气非常弱。will not表示将来不会。根据句意与语境可知说话者是在表示推测，并且推测的可能性较强。故选a。2.【解析】选a。根据后面“hes busy.”说话者推测“mr. harding一定没有看到你”。cant表示“一定没有/不”， shouldnt“不应该”， neednt“不需要”。在情态动词表示推测中，没有mustnt这种表达。3.【解析】选b。句意：我还没有拿到参考书，但我下个月就要参加这个专题的测试了。别担心。到星期五你就拿到参考书了。此处shall用于第二人称，表示允诺；情态动词shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。其余选项没有这种用法，所以选择b项。4.【解析】选b。句意：乔治将要谈论关于他的国家的地理情况，但是我宁愿他更多地谈它的文化(方面的情况)。根据题意，本题中would rather后面的宾语从句应该是与将来相反的情况，所以从句用一般过去时来构成虚拟语气。5.【解析】选a。句意：昨天，鲍勃本来可以帮助我们，但他当时太忙了。这是一个事实和虚拟假设的混合句。but前的句子，从 would have helped 可知这是虚拟语气，表示过去本来可以帮助我们，但实际上没有。but 之后说明当时不能“帮助我们”的原因，是过去的客观事实，故应用一般过去时。6. 【解析】选d。句意：杰克说他父亲是一个意志坚强的人，多年前他父亲一定是一个勇敢的男孩子。此处应是对过去动作的推测，而非虚拟。must have done 表示对过去肯定的推测；would have done 表示对过去的虚拟。7.【解析】选b。句意：早上好。我和史密斯小姐在人事部有个约会。啊，早上好。你一定是彼得斯夫人。must 表肯定性的推测，意思是“一定”；might 表推测时，意思是“可能”，不过可能性很小；would 通常用来表虚拟语气；can表推测时，意思是“可能”，经常用于否定句。8.【解析】选d。句意：天气又干又热。是啊。哪怕下一滴雨，事情比现在都要好得多！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。由句意及题干中的if it had rained even a drop可知事实上说话者的菜已经死了，题中是对过去的虚拟，所以主句用would +have +过去分词，因此选d。9【解析】选a。句意：老师们建议父母，为了安全起见，不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。recommend在句中是“建议”的意思，其后的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”的形式。【知识拓展】常见的“should型”虚拟语气(1)在表示建议、要求、命令(suggest/suggestion，demand，order，propose/proposal，insist，command，require，desire，recommend)等相关的名词性从句中，通常用“should型”虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”结构，而且should可省略。i demand that he (should) answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我。they all agreed to my proposal that we (should) share in the taxi fare.他们都同意我的提议，我们分摊计程车费。the order came that free food (should) be distributed at once.命令下达了，立刻发放免费食品。my advice is that you (should) treat her well. 我的忠告是你应该善待她。(2)在“it is important/strange/natural/necessary +that从句”这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “should+动词原形”结构。it is strange that he should speak to his father like that. 真奇怪，他竟然和他父亲那样说话。10.【解析】选d。句意：你不必(dont have to)买礼物，但如果你想买，也可以买的。选项b是“不准、禁止”之意，不符合语境意义。11.【解析】选c。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：如果他当初听从我的建议，他就不会失去工作了。由句意可知从句是对过去动作的虚拟，对过去动作虚拟时，从句应用过去完成时，故选c。12.【解析】选a。句意：我已经告诉你真相了，我还要必须再重复一遍吗？must 必须；can 能够，用在疑问句中可以表示征询对方的意见；may 可以，许可；will 用在第二人称疑问句中，表示征询对方的意见；根据句意选a。13.【解析】选c。句意：医生说锻炼对身体很重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。can一般表示“可能或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“许可，可能”；must表示“必须”。14.【解析】选a。句意：我本来不应该看那部电影的它会使我做噩梦的。从后半句“看那部电影会给我带来噩梦”可知，前部分语境应是后悔看了这部电影。shouldnt have done意为“过去不应该做但实际上做了某事”； neednt have done 表示“过去没有必要做而实际上做了某事”；couldnt have done 过去不可能做过某事；must表示推测不可用于否定形式，故d项不存在。【知识拓展】情态动词+have done在高考中经常考查的几个角度：(1)must have done sth. 过去肯定做过某事(2)cant/couldnt have done sth. 过去不可能做过某事(3)could have done sth. 过去本来能做某事(4)should have done sth. 过去本来应该做某事(5)shouldnt have done sth. 过去本来不应该做某事(6)may/might (not) have done sth. 过去可能(没有)做过某事(7)neednt have done sth. 过去没有必要做某事15.【解析】选b。句意：如果我们走另外一条路，我们就有可能及时赶到这儿参加会议。由句意可知，实际上我们没有走另外一条路，所以没能及时赶到这儿参加会议。本题是对过去动作的虚拟。对过去动作虚拟时，主句用might + have +过去分词，从句用过去完成时had + 过去分词。16.【解析】选d。句意：我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗？不，千万不要。在这儿读吧。由句意可知此处表示强烈禁止，mustnt千万别/不要，表禁止，所以选d项。mightnt 表示“可能不”； wont 表示“不愿意”；neednt表示“没必要”。17.【解析】选c。句意：抱歉，史密斯教授，昨天我没有完成任务。噢，你本应该完成的，因为昨天是最后期限。should have done sth.本该做某事(而事实上并没有做)，表示对过去动作的虚拟。must have done一定做了，与i didnt finish the assignment yesterday不相符；mustnt表示“不允许，禁止”，用在此处不恰当；s