山东省潍坊市中考英语真题试题（带解析） 外研版.doc

山东省潍坊市2012年中考英语真题试题（带解析） 外研版 友情提示：相信自己。祝你成功！ 1本试题分第卷和第卷两部分。第卷75分，第卷45分，共120分。考试时间为120分钟；2请在答卷前先把自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目和试卷类型涂写在答题卡上。考试结束时，试题和答题卡一并交回；3请将第卷选择题答案标号用2b铅笔涂在答题卡上，一定要看清题号并且涂得清楚。 第卷 (共75分)一、听力测试 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) (一)听句子，选择适当答语，每个句子读两遍。 1. a. good idea! b. thank you! c. congratulations! 2. a. what a pity. b. sounds nice. c. my pleasure. 3. ahes fine bhes 16 years old ches naughty 4. a. ive got a headache b. ive got a friend c. ive got a new bicycle 5. a. its tall and thin b. its 100 meters long c. its next to the bookstore【答案】1. c 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. c(二)听对话和问题，选择符合每个问题答案的图画，每段对话和问题读两遍。【答案】6. b 7. c 8. a 9. a 10.c(三)听对话，根据对话内容选择每个问题的最佳答案，对话和问题读两遍。听第一段对话，回答第11、12小题。 11where are they? aat home bin a shop cin a hotel12what would the man like to do? a. to walk around bto buy a gift cto try on the shoes听第二段对话，回答第13、14、15小题。13whats jerry doing in the library? a. looking for some books. bwriting an article cwatching a film14when will jerry have to finish his article? a. on monday bon tuesday con wednesday15what did jerry decide to write about at last? aa book ba film ca play【答案】11.b 12. b 13.a 14.c 15.b(四)请听一段访谈，根据访谈内容，写出所缺单词，每空一词，访谈播放两遍。注意：听力测试结束后。请将本题答案填写在第卷相应的位置上。interviewer：a few years ago，dave stirling had the idea of selling cds over the internetthe business he stated from his home in ohio，the united states of america，now sells 1 cds a year and has made him into a millionaire at the age of 24dave，whats your secret，please?dave：well，i could see that this was the 2 of shoppingwhy should you pay$1 5 for a cd and spend the time going to the store and parking your car? you can get the same cd for 3 of the price by clicking on your computerand we can find any cd you want and bring it to your 4 in 24 hours! well，this is only the beginningi believe that one day well do our shopping over the net：its 5 ，quicker and cheapershops and supermarkets will be a thing of the past【答案】1. 500, 000 2. future 3. half 4. door 5. easier 二、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从下列各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选顶中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。【2012 山东潍坊】16_old man in _ brown coat over there is mr. jacksonaan, a ban，the cthe，a dthe，the【解析】c。本题考查冠词的用法。名词man后面的介词短语提示man表示特指意义，用定冠词the；“穿着一件”，表示数量有“一”，辅音前用不定冠词a表达。【2012 山东潍坊】17its a good_ to have breakfast every morningahobby bjob cmenu dskill【解析】a。考查名词意义。hobby表示“习惯，嗜好，爱好等”，符合句意“每天早晨吃早饭是一个好习惯”。job表示“工作”，menu表示“菜单”，skill表示“技能”都不符合句意。【2012 山东潍坊】18no one can be successful _ hard workathrough bfor cwith dwithout 【解析】d。考查介词。根据句意和句首no one 提示用介词without表示否定意义，句意为“不努力没有人会成功”。【2012 山东潍坊】19my first teacher，ms yao，was very strict with_aus bwe cour dours【解析】a。考查代词的用法。介词with后用人称代词的宾格形式，be strict with sb 表示“对某人要求严格”。 【2012 山东潍坊】20一guess what! i saw sally in london 一really? i _ she was in new york athink bwas thinking cthought dam thinking【解析】c。考查动词时态。通过宾语从句中的过去时态和上下句表达的意义可知用i thought，think 的过去式though表示“原以为”。 【2012 山东潍坊】21一shall i tell jim the good news? 一no, you_ive told him already awouldnt bneednt cshouldnt dmustnt【解析】b。考查情态动词的意义。根据答语下文“我已经告诉他了”说明答语为“你没有必要”，“不必，没有必要”用情态动词neednt 表达。 【2012 山东潍坊】22lincoln came from nothing，yet he did_ that changed the world asomething bnothing ceverything danything【解析】a。考查不定代词的意义。根据前文came from nothing“出身平平”，和下文yet表示“然而”，可知用something表达，意为“然而他做了一些改变世界的事情”。everything 表示“一切，anything表示“任何事情”都不符合句意。【2012 山东潍坊】 23girl students in some schools are not allowed_ long hair ahaving bhave chad dto have【解析】d。考查动词不定式的用法。句型为“allow sb to do sth”，用动词不定式作宾语补足语，句中用了该句型的被动语态形式，动词不定式由宾语补足语变为主语补足语。【2012 山东潍坊】 24tigers wait_ it is dark，then go out to find their food asince buntil cas dbecause【解析】b。考查连词的用法。wait是延续性动词，用until引导延续性的事件状语，句意为“老虎直等到天黑才出去觅食”。【2012 山东潍坊】 25cathy was born blind so she has _ seen our beautiful worldaoften bsometimes cseldom dnever【解析】d。考查频度副词的用法。通过句意“born blind”，天生是盲的，可知用频度副词never表示“从来没有”。【2012 山东潍坊】 26weve given her some advice, but i dont know_ shell accept itawhat bwhere cwhether dwhich【解析】c。考查宾语从句的引导词。通过转折句意和dont know可以推断用whether 引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，句意为“我们给了她一些建议，但我不知道她是否会接受。”。【2012 山东潍坊】 27. 一does the soup_ nice? 一yesits hot, but really deliciousasound bfeel clook dtaste【解析】d。考查系动词的用法。根据主语soup“汤”，可知用系动词taste表示“尝起来”。【2012 山东潍坊】 28piano is a word_ was originally borrowed from italianawhere bwho cwhich dwhose【解析】c。考查定语从句引导词。句中先行词为word，表示“物”，用which或that引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语。【2012 山东潍坊】 29tom is_ than any other players in the school teamatall btaller ctallest dmore tall【解析】b。考查形容词比较级的用法。根据句中than提示，用单音节形容词tall的比较级taller。【2012 山东潍坊】 30一it might be cool to see a film this afternoon 一yes，_?awhy not bso what cwhy dwhat【解析】a。考查日常交际用语。why not? 在口语中是用否定形式表达肯定意义。根据答语中的yes, 可知用why not? 表达赞同，“为什么不呢？”三、【2012 山东潍坊】完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分。满分10分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。 up to two thirds of children dont get as much sleep as they should do, and this can makethem nervous and slower at school，researchers say so 31 should young people sleep each night? the answer is between 8 and 10 hoursif you dont get enough sleep at night，you11 have 32 energy the next day but the researchers say many children have missed out on 4，500 hours of sleep 33 the time they are 7 years oldthey say that children miss sleep because they have tvs and computers in their rooms and 34 parents dont read to their younger children at night any more. the traditional “bedtime story” helps children to relax and fall asleep 35 . children with tvs and computers in their bedrooms are more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than 8 hours sleepeven losing one hours sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school. german scientists think that your 36 keeps working while you are asleepto show thatthey were 37 ，they gave two groups of people a problem to work outone group went tosleep and the other group stayed 38 . the result? the people who slept worked out the answer more quickly，suggesting that their brains had been trying to 39 the answer while the people were asleepso，make sure you get enough sleep tonight， 40 youll be at your best tomorrow31ahow much bhow many chow long dhow often32amore b1ess cfew d1ittle33aby bat con dduring34aproud bfree cpoor dbusy35apeacefully bcarefully chappily dsadly36ahead bbrain cheart dthought37aperfect bbright cright dgreat38aawake balive casleep dabsent39athink over bopen up cfind out dput down40aor bbut cif dand【答案】31.c 32.b 33.a 34.d 35.a 36.b 37.c 38.a 39.c 40. d【主旨大意】短文就孩子们的睡眠问题进行议论说明。说明孩子们所需要的正常睡眠时间并分析了造成孩子们睡眠减少的原因。最后引用德国科学家的实验说明人们在睡眠时大脑仍在工作。31.【解析】c。how much 修饰或代替不可数名词，本句中提问的是睡觉的“量”。 32.【解析】b。上句“没有充足的睡眠”提示下句用little的比较级修饰不可数名词energy, 表示“更少的精力”。33.【解析】a。介词短语by the time 表示“截止到时候，到时候为止”，符合句意“到7岁为止”。 34.【解析】d。后句“不再在晚上给孩子们讲故事”说明是“繁忙的父母们”，用形容词busy表达“繁忙的”。35.【解析】a。前文“放松的”说明下文意义为“平和地，平静地”，用副词peacefully 修饰动词短语fall asleep. 36.【解析】b。通过下文suggesting that their brains had been trying to判定句意为“大脑仍在工作”。37.【解析】c。下文的实验说明本句意为“为了证明他们是正确的”，right表示“正确的，对的”。 38.【解析】a。前句“一组睡觉”说明后面一组是“醒着”，在系动词stay后用形容词awake表示“醒着的”。39.【解析】c。find out 表示“搞清楚，弄明白”和answer 构成动宾关系，表示“搞清答案”。 40.【解析】d。and是并列连词，表示顺承关系。四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2012 山东潍坊】 a apples logo is one of the most familiar icons(图标)around the worldbut whats the story about the apple logo? the image of the apple is obvious，because thats the name of the companywhat about the bite? the famous story is that the logo shows respect and honour for alan turinghe was the father of computer sciencehe researched artificial intelligence(人工智能)and unlocked german wartime codes(密码)however，after the war，he was put into prison，because of his beliefshe could not stand the looking down and chose to bite a poisoned apple to end his life in the prison however，rob janoff，who designed the famous apple logo，said，“its not the truth, butonly a legendthe real reason why i designed it with a bite is very simplei wanted people to get that it was an apple not a cherrywhen i go to markets to buy apples，i always mistake apples for cherriesit really has nothing to do with the scientist” are you kidding? an apple is much bigger than a cherry. its very easy to tell. but if you use an apple to design a logo, some people may mistake it for a cherry. 41. both the apple and the cherry are almost the same actually in_ a. shape bsize ccolour dweight42. according to the passage，alan turing_. adied in the prison bused an apple to design a logo cwas put into prison during the war dwas the father of a computer company43. whats the purpose of writing the passage about the apple logo? ato introduce its designer bto tell us a legend about it cto try to find the truth of it dto explain its market research【答案】41. a 42. a 43. c 【主旨大意】苹果公司的“苹果”商标为全世界所熟知。被咬去一口的这个苹果图案到底有什么寓意呢？有人说是为了纪念电脑之父alan turing 他是在狱中咬了一口毒苹果而自杀的。而这个著名苹果商标的设计者却否认了这点。之所以这个苹果被“咬”了一口，仅仅是为了在图案上和樱桃区别开来。41. 【解析】a。推理判断题。根据樱桃和苹果的特点，结合短文后半部分可知苹果和樱桃仅仅在形状上相似，而非颜色、大小和重量。42. 【解析】a。细节理解题。通过第一段内容可知alan turing 死于狱中。他被誉为“电脑之父”，而非哪家公司的父亲，排除d；他没有设计苹果商标，第一段倒数第二句告诉我们他是在战后被投入监狱的，排除b、c。43. 【解析】c。主旨大意题。通过整篇短文来判断，短文的目的在于说明著名的苹果商标的设计真相。故选c。 【2012 山东潍坊】 b on april 18，the 100-day countdown to the 2012 olympic games in london began. for thisyears games slogan，the london organizing committee of the olympic games has chosen thephrase “inspire a generation” (激励一代人)it is expected to inspire athletes to do their best，and common people to do better in their daily lives the games are also inspiring lots of tourists to come to londonbut if you go there，youd better try your best to follow british manners and customsotherwise，youll end up in a right mess! expert william hanson has given the associate press a few tips for tourists on how to act while in the uklets have a look： dont talk about moneyaccording to hanson，british people hate talking about money and it is considered rude to do soin particular，never ask anyone about their salary afternoon teathe traditional view of the british sitting down for an afternoon tea is not exactfew people keep the tradition nowadays give tipsbut not in an obvious waythe british favor a quiet “thank you” gift for good service rather than the rigid 16-20tip americans always givein fact，many british waiters will not feel anxious and nervous if you decide not to tip at all. greeting with a kissthe british are not like their passionate neighbors in france. many prefer a handshake or a pat on the back to say “hello” conversation tipif you want to be friendly，end a sentence with the word “mate”44the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to_ alondon b“inspire a generation cthe 100day countdown dthe london organizing committee45british people think it rude to_. ahave tea in the early morning bask others about their salary cgive a 10tip to a waiter dshake hands with friends46the underlined word “passionate in the passage means “_” in chinese a冷酷的 b羞涩的 c有激情的 d聪明的47when will the london olympics be held? aon august 18 bat the end of julycat the beginning of augustdin the middle of july【答案】44. b 45. b 46. c 47. b【主旨大意】伦敦奥运会已经进入100天倒计时。作者对于来英国的游客就英国的风俗习惯及文化传统提了几点建议。44.【解析】b。词义考查题。上下句都是围绕奥运口号“激励一代人”来进行叙述的。可以推断it指奥运口号。45.【解析】 b。 细节理解题。通过建议中的dont talk about money可知“询问别人的薪水是不礼貌的”。46.【解析】c。词义判断题。短文倒数第二段说明很多英国人不通过“吻”来打招呼，而是握手和拍拍肩膀说声“hello”即可，可以推断英国人不像他们的邻居法国人那样“有激情”。47.【解析】b。数字运算题。短文开始交待4月18日开始进入100天倒计时，可以算出是在7月底。 【2012 山东潍坊】 c summer holidays are cominghere are two posters for members of english club in theschoolyard：science and technology museum opening hours sundaywednesday 10：00am5：30pm charge：$5 whats on ancient technologythe ground floor modern technology the first floor space the second floor the silk road：trade and travel the second floor please note the museum is closed for 3 days during the spring festival every yearcontact us information desk：73238299 email：stm991,63comto all climbers! place: castle peak indoor climbing centre date: 8: 30 am, july, 15 do: sign in when you come to the centre. climb with a partner. wear a hard hat at all times. wear the correct climbing shoes. dont: dont eat or drink anywhere except in the caf. dont listen to personal music players while climbing. dont light fires. good practice: use a locker to store your things. wear loose, comfortable clothing. wearing jewellery can cause accidents. talking on a mobile phone while climbing can be dangerous. 48. the exhibition of the silk road_. adownstairs bon the ground floor con the first floor don the second floor49. if you want to visit the museum on weekend, which of the following is the best time? a10：00 am，saturday b2：30 pm，saturday c2：00 pm, sunday d8：30 am，sunday50while climbing，youd better_ atalk on a mobile phone bstay alone all the time c1isten to personal music players dwear the correct climbing shoes51it is considered good practice to_ akeep your things in a locker bwear jewellery ceat something when you feel weak dwear a soft hat at all times【答案】48. d 49. c 50. d 51. a【主旨大意】暑假即将来临。短文是校园英语俱乐部成员的两幅海报。48.【解析】d。信息核对题。以the silk road 为线索，到海报中找出对应的“二楼”信息。49.【解析】c。细节理解题。根据博物馆提供的营业时间，sundaywednesday 10：00am5：30 pm 可知c答案正确。50.【解析】d。细节理解题。根据“do: ”中第四条wear the correct climbing shoes. 可知d答案正确。51.【解析】a。细节理解题。根据“good practice:” 第一条use a locker to store your things. 可以推断a答案正确。 【2012 山东潍坊】 d huckleberry finn，the great character from the mark twain book，did not like schoolhepreferred floating down the mississippi river on a raft and looking for adventurethats whygenerations of schoolboys have loved reading huckleberry finn：they feel the same way aboutschool as he did for many boys，being forced to sit all day in a school room is like being punished for a crime they did not committhere are endless hours of boredom spent learning things they have no interest inthats why many boys do poorly in school and many give up on education altogether ironically(具有讽刺意味的是)，the whole idea for schools was invented for boysif a boy wanted to grow up to be a useful man，he had to be educatedby and by，people realized that educating girls was a good idea，tooand，ironically again，it was discovered that the schoolsystem suits girls just fine；so fine that girls now do much better than boys in school no one really knows why that issome say that girls mature(发育成熟)quicker than boys and adapt better to school lifesome also say that the school system and the curriculum(课程) have changed to encourage girls but the needs of boys have been overlooked educators are now trying to find ways to get boys to be more successful in schoolthere are suggestions to separate the sexes and teach boys separatelythere are also suggestions to changethe curriculum to make it more interesting for boys whatever the changes are，boys still will be boys，and dreams of floating down the mississippi river will always be an attractive choice to just sitting in a classroom52. huckleberry finn is_. a. a boy of mark twains b. a character in a book can american writer da rivers name 53many boys do poorly in school because_ a. they give up on education btheyre punished for a crime they did not commit cthey have no interest in the things theyre learning dthey prefer floating down the mississippi river on a raft54the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 means that_ a. more boys are needed b. boys need to be cared about a lot cthe needs of boys have been very important d. people have paid little attention to the needs of boys. 55which of the following is not true according to the passage? a. girls now do much better than boys in school. bthe school system has changed to encourage girls cgirls mature quicker than boys and adapt better to school life d. the curriculum has changed to be more interesting for boys. 【答案】52. b 53. c 54. d 55. d【主旨大意】短文以马克吐温的作品费恩历险记为话题开始，引入在学校里对男孩子们的教育问题，对于多数男孩子们来说，他们整天坐在教室里学着不感兴趣的课程简直是在受罪。而具有讽刺意味的是关于整个学校教育的设置却是针对男孩子们的。后来具有戏剧性的是人们发现女孩子更适合这样的学校教育。现在教育家们正在做出一些尝试，或按性别分开教育或让学校教育让男孩们更感兴趣，但无论怎样变化，男孩子们终归是男孩子，与坐在教室里相比他们总是梦想沿密西西比河去漂流。52.【解析】d。细节理解题。短文首句就告诉我们“the great character from the mark twain book”是马克吐温图书中的角色。53.【解析】c。细节理解题。短文第二段第二句话告诉我们学生们对他们学习的东西不感兴趣。54.【解析】d。综合判断题。通过短文倒数第二段最后一句there are also suggestions to changethe curriculum to make it more interesting for boys可知仅仅是建议，而不是d答案题干中的has changed“已经改变”。2012年潍坊市初中学业水平考试 英 语 试 题第卷 (非选择题答题纸共5分)请将听力测试第四题的答案填写在相应的横线上。(每小题1分，满分5分)1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 第卷 (共45分)五、【2012 山东潍坊】词汇应用(共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分)阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词