高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题12 阅读理解 第2讲 推理判断题课件.ppt

题型专题突破 第二部分 专题十二阅读理解 第2讲推理判断题 推理判断题着重考查学生归纳概括 逻辑推理等综合能力 考生应透过现象看本质 领悟作者的思想 倾向 观点 立场 语气及态度 以原文内容为前提 根据作者的观点 客观地对文中未明确说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断 做出一定解释 1 题型特点推理判断题在阅读中属于难度较高的题型 主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力 要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上 对文章字面信息进行分析挖掘 逻辑推理 揭示其深层含义 2 常见设问方式 thepassageimpliesthat wecanconcludefromthepassagethat whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred whatisthepurposeofthispassage whatisthetoneoftheauthor wherewouldthispassageprobablycomefrom appear whatistheauthor sattitudetoward 3 解题策略 1 抓特定信息 逆向或正向推理 抓住某一段话中的关键信息 如关键词或短语去分析 推理 判断 利用逆向思维或正面推理 从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义 2 整合全文 段 信息进行推断 做推理题时 有时需要在弄懂全文的基础上 整合与题目相关的信息 综合推理判断 确定最佳结论 3 利用语境的褒贬性进行推断 几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性 它反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图 因此利用好这一点 就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断 4 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度 作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间 在推断过程中 应特别注意文中作者的措辞 尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词 5 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论 逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实 论点 例证等一系列论据材料进行推理 从而得出合乎逻辑的结论 而不是根据自己的经验 态度 观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵 2015 全国卷 a mycolortelevisionhasgivenmenothingbutaheadache iwasabletobuyitalittleoverayearagobecauseihadmyrelativesgivememoneyformybirthdayinsteadofalotofclothesthatwouldn tfit iletasalesclerkfoolmeintobuyingadiscontinuedmodel irealizedthisadaylater whenisawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetatseventy fivedollarslessthanihadpaid thesetworkedsobeautifullywhenifirstgotithomethatiwouldkeepitonuntilstationssignedoffforthenight fortunately ididn tgetanychannelsshowingall nightmoviesoriwouldneverhavegottentobed thenistarteddevelopingaproblemwiththesetthatinvolvedstatic 静电 noise forsomereason whencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercial aloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds gradually thisnoisebegantoappearduringashow andtogetridofit ihadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitback sometimesthistechniquewouldnotwork andihadtopickupthesetandshakeittoremovethesound iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles 肌肉 shakingmyset whenneitherofthesemethodsremovedthestaticnoise iwouldsithelplesslyandwaitforthenoisetogoaway atlastiendeduphittingthesetwithmyfist anditstoppedworkingaltogether mytriptotherepairshopcostme 62 andthesetisworkingwellnow butikeepexpectingmoretrouble 1 howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory a curious b anxious c cautious d humorous 语篇导读 本文是一篇记叙文 文章讲述了 我 在购买彩电时受售货员的误导 买了一台自认为便宜的彩电 结果不久 故障频发 在采用包括抱起电视晃动在内的方式解决无果后 最后不得不求助维修店 1 解析 推理判断题 根据第一段中最后一句fortunately ididn tgetanychannelsshowingall nightmoviesoriwouldneverhavegottentobed 以及倒数第二段最后一句iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles 肌肉 shakingmyset 和最后一段最后一句 butikeepexpectingmoretrouble 可知 作者语调幽默 答案 d atypicalliontamer 驯兽师 inpeople smindisanentertainerholdingawhip 鞭 andachair thewhipgetsalloftheattention butit smostlyforshow inreality it sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion sface theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime withitsfocusdivided thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext whenfacedwithsomanyoptions thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachieve e g loseweight startabusiness travelmore onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisthebest thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan tfocusorthatwe refocusedonthewrongthings andsowetakelessaction makelessprogress andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving itdoesn thavetobethatway anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface rememberthis allyouneedtodoisfocusononething youjustneedtogetstarted startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo somethingyouwanttoaccomplish someoneyouwanttobecome takeimmediateaction ifyou reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway 2 whatistheauthor sattitudetowardstheexpertsmentionedinparagraph3 a tolerant b doubtful c respectful d supportive 3 whentheworldis wavingachairinyourface you readvisedto a waitforabetterchanceb breakyouroldhabitsc makeaquickdecisiond askforclearguidance 语篇导读 本文是一篇议论文 作者通过讨论驯兽师在训练狮子时的技巧以及狮子面临的疑惑入手 谈论人们面临该种境况时应该怎么做 2 解析 推理判断题 根据文章第三段第一句thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisthebest thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheco