云南省楚雄市高考英语一轮复习 完形填空 阅读理解 基础训练11.doc

云南省楚雄市2015高考英语完形填空、阅读理解一轮基础训练（11）及答案【广东卷完形填空】number sense is not the ability to count. it is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. human beings are born with this ability. 2 ，experiments show that many animals are, too. for example, many birds have good number sense. if a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 . however, if you remove two, the bird 4 leaves. this means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three.another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense. a man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. the bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. the man had an 8 .he took another man with him to the tower. one man left and the other stayed, but they did not 9 the bird. the crow stayed away until the second man left, too. the experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. but the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 .it was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow.how good is a humans number sense? its not very good. for example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. but when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.it seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crows.1. a. rise b. pattern c. changed. trend2. a. importantly b. surprisingly c. disappointedly d. fortunately3. a. surviveb. care c. hatch d. notice4. a. generally b. sincerely c. casually d. deliberately5a. distance b. range c. different d. interval6a. amazing b. annoyingc. satisfying d. disturbing7. a. relaxb. recoverc. react d. return8. a. appointment b. excuse c. idea d. explanation9. a. fool b. hurt c. catch d. kill10.a. repob. repeated c. designed d. approved11.a. confusedb. gone c. tired d. drunk12.a. graduallyb. luckily c. strangely d. finally13.a. single b. small c. local d. new14. a. seldom b. temporarily c. merely d. often15. a. sightb. nature c. ability d. belief语篇解读：本文是一篇说事理性的说明文，篇章模式为总-分-分-总的结构。第一段提出话题，说明什么是数字感，并通过拿鸟类作为例子说明，不仅人类与生俱来都有这种数字感，而且动物也有；第二段运用一个人想对一只乌鸦进行拍照的另一个有趣的例子来进一步鸟类的神奇的数字的分辨力；第三段，以一个婴儿为例说这里要表达的意思是：这个人有（或想出）了一个主意，四个选项的含义分别为：a“失望”，b“借口”，c“主具备的能力，而且）我们人类的这种能力不比乌鸦更强。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。ive written 14 moviesmy characters smoke in many of them, and they look cool and glamorous（有魅力的） doing itsmoking was an integral（必需的） part of many of my screenplays because i was a heavy smokerit was part of a bad-boy image id cultivated for a long time smoking, drinking, partying, rock n rollsmoking, i once believed, was every persons rightthe second-hand smoke was non-existent problem invented by professional do-goodersi put all these views into my playsremembering all this, i find it hard to forgive myselfi have been an accomplice (帮凶) to the murders of untold numbers of human beingsi am admitting this only because i have made a deal with godspare me, i said, and i will try to stop others from committing the same crimes i dideighteen months ago i was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smokingi am alive but disabledmuch of my larynx (喉) is gonei have some difficulty speaking; others have some difficulty understanding mei havent smoked or drunk for 18 months now, though i still take it day by day and pray for helpi believe in prayer and exercisei have walked five miles a day for a year, without missing even one dayquitting smoking and drinking has taught me the hardest lesson ive ever learned about my own weakness; it has also given me the greatest affection and empathy(同感) for those still addictedi dont think smoking is every persons right anymorei think smoking should be as illegal as heroin（海洛因）im no longer such a bad boyi go to church on sundayim desperate to see my four boys grow upi want to do everything i can to undo the damage i have done with my own big-screen words and imagesscreen writers know, too, that some movie stars are more likely to play a part if they can smoke because they are so addicted to smoking that they have difficulty stopping even during the shooting of a scenemy hands are bloody; so are hollywoodsmy cancer has caused me to attempt to cleanse（彻底清洁） mei dont wish my fate upon anyone in hollywood, but i beg that hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others1. the main idea of this passage probably is _a. the writer is ashamed of the bad effects his screenplays have had on human beingsb. the writers smoking experience nearly killed himselfc. the bad effects that hollywood screenplay have brought to childrend. the determination of the writer to overcome his illness答案解析：答案为a。本题为文章大意题。第一段作者引入话题，在他创作的电影中，很多人物吸烟，吸烟是他的作品中必需的，这些吸烟的场景影响了人们，后面的段落介绍作者因为吸烟而患上了喉癌，深受其苦，也表达了他深深的忏悔之意，最后一段表达作者的希望，希望好莱坞电影不再有吸烟的场景，让厄运降临到别人身上。故本文的大意为作者对他的荧幕剧对人们产生的坏影响感到惭愧。故答案为a。b、d是文中的细节，c选项在文中未提及，均不选。2. how do you think the writer has realized his mistake?a. so many people have found the habit of smoking due to his playsb. his plays have brought great harm to teenagersc. he himself suffered greatly from smokingd. his screenplays have been doing more and more harm to human beings答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由第三段的首句提到的 “i find it hard to forgive myself”和该段最后一句提到的 “and i will try to stop others from committing the same crimes i did.”, 以及第四段首句 “eighteen months ago i was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smoking” 可知，作者难以原谅自己，将会努力阻止别人和他一样犯相同的罪，因为他诊断有吸烟导致的喉癌，故答案为c，作者自己深受吸烟之害。 a选项与题干无关；b选项未提及；d选项夸大了他的作品的危害，均不选。3. according to the passage, what does the underlined sentence mean?a. he has made up his mind to give up smoking foreverb. he will try his best to prevent others from writing screen plays encouraging smokingc. he will try his best to bring up his four childrend. he has decided to write his screenplays without smoking scenes答案解析：答案为d。本题为语义理解题。划线部分所在的句意为“我会尽我一切所能来消除我在荧幕上创作的文字和形象给人们带来的伤害”。这种伤害来自第一段提到的作者的作品中吸烟是必需的场景，由此可以推断，划线部分意为作者决定在自己的作品中不再有吸烟场景。故答案为d。4. it can be inferred from the passage that _a. the writer will soon be recovered from his illness thanks to his exerciseb. the writer will soon die because of his deadly diseasec. smoking will be got rid of in all hollywood films d. smoking in hollywood films is still doing great harm to human beings答案解析：答案为d。本题为推理题。由第四段第二句话 “i am alive but disabled” 可知，作者虽然活着但是残疾了，故a、b选项错误。由最后一段最后一句话 “i dont wish my fate upon anyone in hollywood, but i beg that hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others” 可知，作者不希望自己的命运降临到好莱坞的任何人身上，但是乞求好莱坞应该阻止吸烟导致的危害降临到成千上万人的身上，可以推断，好莱坞电影上出现的吸烟场景仍然在对人们造成伤害，故c选项错误，d选项正确。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? well, apparently its because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains. put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. this explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. but the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. a group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “the hand took hold of the ball”) , the same mirror neurons weretriggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball) . any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. however, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders. research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互动) . indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物