云南省德宏州潞西市芒市中学高考英语一轮复习 非谓语动词—动名词和现在分词（doing)教案(1).doc

教案：高三语法复习非谓语动词动名词和现在分词（doing)考纲展示复习目标复习重点：动词ing，各种变式及其用法。复习难点：1.动词ing的各种变式基本形式及其使用。 2. 如何区别动名词与分词。课前知识梳理1. 动词ing形式包括哪两种非谓语动词？2. 请填出动词的ing相关形式。时态主动态被动态一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been donedoing表示该动作与谓语动词同时发生，主动。being done表示表示该动作与谓语动词同时发生，被动。 having done 表示发生在谓语动词之前，主动。 having been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前，被动。4. 否定形式： not + doing 5. 请问动词ing在句中可作哪些成分？ 动名词可做：主宾表定 现在分词： 表宾状 3. 请判断下列句子中doing并说出它是现在分词还是动名词。1.my hobby is gardening. 园艺是我的爱好。 （ 动名词 ）2.seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 ( 动名词 )3. it is no use your telling me not to worry. ( 动名词 )4.excuse me for coming late. 原谅我来晚了. （ 动名词 ）5. my job is teaching english.我的工作是教英语。 ( 动名词 )6. the film is moving. ( 现在分词 )7. traveling is interesting but tiring. ( 现在分词)8. walking in the street,i saw him. ( 现在分词 ) 9. having failed many times,he lost heart. ( 现在分词 )10. his father died, leaving him a lot of money. ( 现在分词 )小结：动名词相当于名词，现在分词相当于形容词或副词。三. 典例引领，变式内化动名词在句中充当的成分(1)作主语例如：asking for help is sometimes necessary. 请求帮助有时是必要的。eating too much is not good for your health.吃得太多对你的健康不利。teaching offers something besides money and power.(2)作补语、表语例如：seeing is believing.we call such an act cheating.我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。(3)作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，preventfrom，set about，cant help，be/get used to等；短语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等例如：the mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.冒险游过河his wife doesnt allow smoking inside the room but allows him to smoke outside the room.他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。all of them insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。im looking forward to hearing from you soon.being ill for a few days,she doesnt feel like eating anything.不想吃任何东西另在want, need, require等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思（主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系）。例如：my hair needs cutting. (= my hair needs to be cut.)(5) 作定语。它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。例如：the factory built a swimming pool last year.游泳池our teacher uses a very good teaching method.教学方法(6) 作同位语。例如：his hobby, making model airplanes, is very interesting.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格 + 动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 +动名词构成， 在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：do you mind my closing the door? do you mind me closing the door?my closing the door made him angry.i cant stand lao changs talking like that about other comrades.动名词的某些固定结构(1) it is + no use, no good(fun,a great pleasure, a waste of time,a bore.)等名词+doing sth.it is no use crying.哭没有用。it is no good objecting.反对也没有用。it is a waste of time trying to explain设法解释是浪费时间。(2)it is + useless+doing sthit is useless speaking.光说没用。(3)there is no + v-ing “是不可能的”。例如：there is no knowing how old she is.(= i t is impossible to know how old she is.)there is no telling where shes gone.(= it is impossible / difficult to know where shes gone.)(4)make a point of + doing “认为是必要的”例如：our family make a point of going to church every sunday.(= our family make it a rule to go to church every sunday.)(5)be on the point of + doing “濒临，将要”例如：he was on the point of leaving.(6)on (upon) + doing “一就”例如：on hearing the news, i changed my plans.(= as soon as i heard the news, i changed my plans.)(7)go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)例如：he went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.(8)动名词短语常用在以下结构中have difficulty (in) + doing sth have trouble (in) + doing sthhave fun (in) + doing sth/ have a good time (in) + doing sth/have a hard time (in) + doing sth例如：we have great difficulty (in) solving the problem.我们解决这个问题有困难。(9)feel like + 名词“想要”=would like to +原形动词例如：do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗? i dont feel like reading tonight今晚我不想读书。 (三) 分词在句中充当的成分(1)作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。例如：the boring snow made the bored boys go home. (= the snow was boring, so the boys wee bored and went home.)china is a developing socialist country.发展中的社会主义国家the man writing the obituary (讣告) is my friend. (= the man who is writing the obituary is my friend.)the broken glass scattered on the ground.破杯注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义；而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。(2)作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch, think, want, smell, observe等。例如：the story is boring.i found him reading a novel. 在读小说(现在分词作宾语补足语)i found him surrounded by a group of children.一群孩子包围着 (过去分词作宾语补足语)(3)作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间, 原因, 条件, 结果, 伴随情况。 例如：having read all the required papers, he answered the questions fluently. -时间being short of money, i decided to apply for the work. -原因seriously injured, allen was rushed to the hospital. -原因if going there by plane, well have to pay twice as much.条件unless asked to answer questions, the pupils were not supposed to talk in mrs smiths class.条件the farmer useda new insecticide, thus raising the average yield by 15%. 结果he sat in a rocking chair, watching tv. -伴随分词的特殊结构独立主格有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。这种结构在句中多作伴随状语。亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。例如：that being the case, wed better make some changes in the plan.weather permitting, we will go out. = if weather permitsthe teacher having finished the lesson, the students left the classroom.“with或without + 名词或代词 + 分词”的复合结构常用作补充说明或表示伴随情况。例如：he fell asleep with the lamp burning.某些固定结构generally / frankly speaking ,judging from / by 中，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。例如：judging by his dress, he comes from a wealthy family.从他的衣着判断frankly speaking, i dont like him at all.坦率地说catch+宾语+doing例如：i caught them stealing my apples我抓住他们偷我的苹果。if she catches me reading her diary，shell be furious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning, considering, regarding, respecting等。 例如：considering his age, he is tall.i have nothing to say concerning his speech.关于他的演讲变式训练1. you cannot accept an opinion _ to you unless it is based on facts.aofferingbto offer chaving offered doffered2. it is of little use _ a bicycle when you dont know how _ it. a. to own; to ride b. owning; riding c. to own; riding d. owning; to ride3. _ is no good _ children to read books of this kind. a. it; permitting b. that; letting c. this; allowing d. it; letting4. rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. a. ride; ride b. riding; ride c. ride; to ride d. to ride; ridingkeys:ddac用动词ing形式翻译下列句子。听到这个好消息，我们很高兴。 游泳是一项很好的运动。 设计意图：复习动词ing的相关知识点,通过变式训练让学生内化理解。师生活动：学生自主复习为主，教师点拨为辅。目标检测1.(2013全国，5)i got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7：30 train from paddington.acaught bto have caught cto catch dhaving caught2(2013山东，25)the room is empty except for a book shelf _ in one corner.astanding bto stand cstands dstood3(2013山东，33)_ at the cafeteria before, tina didnt want to eat there again.ahaving eaten bto eat ceat deating4. on receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, mr.gordon immediately rushed home from his office.asays bsaid csaying dto say8(2013福建，22)_ basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.aknownbhaving known cknowing dbeing knownkeys: daacc设计意图：检测学生的复习情况。师生活动：学生独立完成，并讲解原因，教师补充。分层配餐a组题动词ing基本形式变化：时态主动态被动态一般式完成式设计意图：考察后进生对不定式基础的掌握。 b组题1._which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.anot knowing bknowing not cnot known dknown not2. (2013重庆，30)when i