主谓一致精讲精练.doc

主谓一致精讲精练 2011-7-1主谓一致一. 学前诊断1. The blind _ in special schools.A. is studying B. studies C. study D. has studied2. Look! The teacher , together with his students , _ now working in the lab.A. is B. are C. were D. was3. The museum I have visited _ at the end of the street.A. stand B. stands C. is standing D. are standing4. Three weeks _ not enough for me to write the report.A. is B. are C. has D. have5. Three-fourths of the homework_ today.A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished6. Either he or I _ to go to Beijing on business.A. is B. be C. are D. am7. More than 70 percent of the books _ in English.A. is written B. has written C. are written D. have written8. Large quantities of water _ needed for cooling purpose.A. is B. are C. has D. have9. “ All _ present and all _ going well.” Said the boy.A. is ; is B. are ; are C. are; is D. is are10. How one treats his parents _ great influence on his children. A. have B. had C. having D. has在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2. 由连接词and或both and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注： 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人，物或同一概念时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come. Trial and error is the source of our knowledge. 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every ,many a等修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。(就前原则) 如：Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注： 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.5. 在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。注：在one of + ns +who/that/which 引导的定语从句中，从句的谓语用复数如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. /在the only/very one of + ns +who/which/that 引导的定语从句中，从句的谓语用单数如：He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如： The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls./ The class are doing experiments. The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70% of the population are peasants.people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child.7. 由“some,/ half,/a lot of, /lots of, /plenty of, /the rest of, /the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。8. 由kind /type/ series /quantity of 等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。如：Large quantities of water are needed for watering the flowers. A new type of bus is now on show.9. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.10. Many a + 单数名词（许多）；more than one +单数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式。如；Many a page in this book is missing./ More than one student has failed in the exam.注：more than + 名词复数 或 more + 名词复数 + than one 做主语时，谓语用复数形式，如：More than 20 students are playing basketball./ More people than one are against your plan.11. what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。如：Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.12. 表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式， 这是由于做主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 13. 若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： “The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book.14. 表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。如：One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.15. 一些学科名词是以 ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们做主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isnt easy to study.16. trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等词做主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes is under the bed.17. “定冠词the + 形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。如：The old are taken good care of here.18. （1）当两个主语由either or, neither nor, whether or , not only but also, notbut连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。（就近原则）如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he nor they wholly right?As far as I know, not only his parents but also his brother treats the girl very well.（2）there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room.Practice1.填空1) His Selected Poems ( be )first published in 19652) Twenty dollars ( be )enough for the coat 3) The poor woman with her two children ( see, beg ) in a street corner 4) Is there anybody in the classroom? No, the teacher as well as the students ( go ) to the playground 5) Three-fourths of the land ( cover ) by forest and grass 6) Have you heard about the new school? No, when and where to build the new one ( not decide ) 7) E-mail，as well as telephones， ( play ) an important part in daily communication8) The worker and poet ( invite ) to the party the other day9) This morning I saw Mr. Lee _ _(kill) a chicken.10) When I was here last year, the bridge was seen _ _ (build)by the workers.2.句型转换 1. Both his father and mother are fond of light music. (改为否定句)_ 2. We find that it is important to learn a foreign language well. (改为简单句)_ 3. If you can keep still, you can sit on this end of the boat and you can also sit on that end. (用eitheror改变句型)_ 4. Helen is not good at French and John is not good at French, either. ( 用neithernor改变句型)_ 5. We believe that he is honest. (改为简单句)_3单句改错1This is one of the most interesting questions that has been asked.2. Many a ship have been damaged in the storm.3. Neither I or he am in favor of her marriage.4. Tom as well as two of his friends were invited to the party.5. About one third of the books is worth reading.6. The number of students from the north are small.7. What may surprise you are that Im going to the US this July on a summer camp.8. More than one worker have been failed in the exam.9. Each boy and each girl have a beautiful dream.10.Maths are one of the most important courses in middle school.4.选择填空1. Each of you _ responsible for the accident.A. am B. be C. is D. are2. Each man and woman _ the same rights.A. has B. have C. had D. is having3. Every means _ tried but without much result.A. has been B. have been C. are D. is4. The manager or his assistant _ planning to go.A. were B. are C. was D. be5. Not only I but also David and Iris _ fond of playing basketball.A .am B. is C. are D. was6. Neither Tom nor his parents _ at home.A. is B. are C. has D. was7. Either the dean or the principal _ the meeting.A. attends B. attend C. are attending D. have attended8. _ was wrong.A. Not the teacher but the students B. Both the students and the teacherC. Neither the teacher not the students D. Not the students but the teacher9. The committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours.A. has argued B. has been arguing C. have argued D. have been arguing10. Tom is the only one of the stall members who _ to be promoted.A. is going B. are going C. has been going D. have been going11. _ is to attend our evening.A. both the singer and the dancer B. Either the singer or dancersC. The singer or dancers D. The singer and dancer12. Interest, as well as prospects, _ important when one looks for a job.A. are B. were C. is D. was13. The president, together with his assistants, _.A. have arrived B. are arriving C. had arrived D. has arrived14. A number of cars _ in front of the parkA. is parked B. was parked C. are parked D. has parked15. The number of articles published on smoking _ amazing.A. is B. are C. were D. have been16. Most of the doctors _ smoking is harmful to health.A. are believed B. had believed C. has believed D. believe17. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair.A. is B. are C. were D. be18. Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe, indeed the whole human society _ to change its attitude to racial problems.A. need B. needs C. has a need D. have a need19. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.(03上海) A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided20. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.(06辽宁) A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going21. He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for 3 years.（02上海） A. is B. are C. have been D. has been22. A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow . A. is B. are C. was D. were (06江苏)23. With more forests being destroyed , huge quantities of good earth _ each year.(05山东) A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away24. We live day by day , but in the great things , the time of days and weeks_ so small that a day is unimportant.(07湖南) A. is B. are C. has been D. have been25.A survey of the opinions experts _ that 3 hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health.(07江西) A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows ;are26.Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the Johnsons.(06安徽) A. are B. is C. to be D. being27. Professor Smith, along with his assistants,_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.(05 上海) A. work B. working C. is working D. are working28. （10湖南）Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have29.（10四川）Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand.A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are30.（10全国）Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn31. Nowadays, the number of people who _ hungry _ been greatly reduced. A. goes; have B. goes; has C. go; has D. go; have32. Though there _ only a small quantity of food and water left, they managed to arrive at the destination safe and sound.A. is B. was C. were D. are33. Twenty-five thousand dollars_ the average income for a medium-sized family in the United States. A. is B. was C. will be D. be34. Every teacher and