【优化方案】高考英语一轮复习 Unit2 The environment课后达标检测14（含解析）.doc

课后达标检测14unit 2the environment(建议用时：70分钟).单项填空1(2015长沙模拟)the boss showed his_ of toms hard work in the company by raising his pay to $5,000 a month.adistinctionbpromotioncappreciation dreservation2(2015江苏启东中学高三检测)the detective，_ to be reading a newspaper，glanced at the man _ next to a woman.apretending；seated bpretended；seatedcpretending；seat dpretended；seating3(2015江苏启东中学考前辅导)scientists have created the worlds smallest “snowman”，_about a fifth of the width of a human hair.ameasures bmeasuringcmeasured dto measure 4at last，the boys found themselves _ in a pleasant park with trees providing shade.ato sit bsatcsitting dhaving sat5(2015江苏南京高三调研)the majority of employers are planning to cut down on wages_ the economic crisis.aby means of bin defence ofcin reaction to dwith regard to6i would appreciate_，to be frank，if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.ayou bthiscit dmyself7(2013高考陕西卷)my uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking，but at least he has_.acut out bcut downccut up dcut off8my money _.i must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before ive none in hand.ahas run out bis running outchas been run out dis being running out9he stood up，_ a cigarette and left the room.alighting blightedcto light dlit10she has already tried her best.please dont be too _ about her job.aspecial bresponsiblecunusual dparticular11(2015衡阳质检)with more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth _ each year.ais washing awaybis being washed awaycare washing awaydare being washed away12she and her roommate silently warred over matters _from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.aranging bexchangingctransforming dvarying13_ chinese culture with overseas cultures is a challenging job，but you will learn a lot from it.acomparing bcomparedchaving compared dcompare14_ for several times，linda made up her mind not_ for school.abeing scolded；latebto have been scolded；being latecto be scolded；be latedhaving been scolded；to be late15well，youd better buy that shirt.brown and black dont go together._ i wear it with another shirt?ahow do you like bdo you meancwhat if dhow about.完形填空(2015常德模拟)a friend and i decided to go for a vegetarian dinner today. we went to a nearby restaurant run by a beautiful lady, who is really _1_ and kind. we ordered our food, which turned out to be delicious, and we enjoyed our _2_ so much. we were satisfied to eat simple, nutritious food cooked with care and love._3_， there happened to be some smile cards in my bag and one greeting card, so we decided that this was a great opportunity to be _4_ to someone else too. we had a pleasant chat with one of the lovely people who _5_ us, and we pointed to the couple sitting at the next table, and told him that we _6_ to pay their bill. he agreed, and my friend wrote out a beautiful _7_ for them, and we attached a smile card as well. we finished our meal, and both our bill and their bill were given to us, and we _8_ the money and left. they were to receive the card in place of the bill.we walked out of the _9_， and my friend wanted to see their reaction without getting noted. so, we hid from view, and watched as they were _10_ with so much joy, and that just made our day. we hugged each other in gratitude, for having each other.we later _11_ that the couple were both software engineers and had experienced a busy day! our small act of kindness made them feel _12_. we couldnt stop smiling. it was a special way to end a long day.1.a.prettybwarmcquiet dstrong2a.drink bcompanycmeal dtime3a.hopefully bcertainlychowever dfortunately4a.close bpoliteckind dcruel5a.protected bnoticedchelped dserved6a.hesitated bfailedcwanted drefused7a.cardblettercemail dcheck8a.counted bpaidckept dreceived9a.restaurant bparkccinema doffice10a.shouting bsmilingcjumping dstanding11a.found out bworked outcbrought out dpicked out12a.embarrassed bworriedcangry dspecial.语法填空(2015株洲模拟)perhaps eager drivers will think twice about running red lights when faced with a giant robot that can give them a ticket. two new traffic robots 1._ the democratic republic of the congo are doing just that.2_ of the two solarpowered robots were created by engineers from the kinshasa higher institute of applied technique. they were recently placed at 3._ busy intersection (十字路口) in the capital city. while they might look funny, the robots mean business.they direct traffic 4._ theyre equipped with four cameras that record traffic flow and they have a system to send the information to a center 5._ its analyzed for violations (违反)“if a driver says that hes not going to respect the robot 6._ its just a machine, the robot is going to take that and there will be a ticket for him，” isaie therese, the engineer 7._ invented the robot said.while drivers seem to respect the robots 8._ than human policemen, the robots still have limitations. unlike humans, they cant pursue criminals on foot.阅读理解a(2015湘潭模拟)many people are already planning to look for a new position when the job market picks up，but the way you quit can have a long term impact on your career.how to resign on good terms：be prepared.review your employee handbook or employment contract before announcing your decision，so you know what company policy is regarding resignations，severance，the return of company property and pay for unused vacation time.if you have another job lined up，be sure to have your offer in writing before you resign.use it or lose it.if you havent used vacation time and will lose it if you quit，you might want to use your time before leaving or link it to your resignation date.but if you dont want to burn any bridges，never announce your departure just after returning from vacation.make an appointment.be formal and make an appointment with your boss.prepare what you want to say.be direct and be transparent.after the discussion，put your resignation in a hardcopy letter that includes your last day and any transitional help youve offered.keep a copy.two weeks advance notice is still standard but experts recommend offering more time if youve worked at the company for more than five years.you also need to be prepared to leave right awaysome companies require it.scrub your digital footprint.clear your browser cache，remove passwords to web sites you use from work，such as your personal email or online bank account and delete any personal files on your work computer that arent relevant to work.dont delete anything work related if youre required to keep it.stay close.consider joining an employee alumni association，which often serves as a networking group for former employees.it can be a good way to keep up with changes in the company and industry and find leads to new jobs down the road.keep in touch with coworkers you worked closely with; they may end up in management roles.1how many ways of resigning are mentioned in the passage?athree.bfour.cfive. dsix.2you should notice the firm _ in advance if youve worked there for six years.amore than two weeks bless than two weeks conly two weeks donly one moment3what does the underlined sentence in the passage mean?ayou want to take vacation.byou dont want to be fined.cyou want to leave room for necessity.dyou dont want to continue to work here.4which of the following is suggested in the passage?ayou can resign without hesitation if you dont like your job.byou should ignore your boss when presenting your resignation.cyoud better keep in touch with your coworkers after resignation.dyou must delete anything in the computer you once used when you resign.5which is the best title for this passage?ahow to apply for a new jobbhow to say goodbye to a jobchow to prepare for a new jobdhow to get on with your coworkersb(2015娄底高三调研)the more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management，the more they seem to want to talk about things_formerly_judged_to_be_best_left_unsaid.the newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye，in the process sometimes forming critical analyses of the factors that influence everyones experience in the organization.consider the new views of harvey coleman of atlanta on the subject of how people get promoted.coleman is black.he spent 11 years with ibm，half of them working in management development，and now serves as a consultant in some big companies like at&t and cocacola.coleman says that based on what hes seen at big companies，he considers the different roles of the following elements in the longterm success：performance counts a mere 10%，image,30%; and exposure，a full 60%.coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may increase your pay，it wont ensure you the big promotion.he finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work，and what a high position these people hold.ridiculous beliefs? but they are not ridiculous to many people，especially many women and members of minority races who，like coleman，feel that they have a better picture of the reality.“women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs，”says kaleel jamison，a new yorkbased management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues.“they think that if you work hard，youll get aheadthat someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion.”she adds，“most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think theyve got ahead because of their sex or color that they try to make themselves less visible.”her advice to those folks：learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way to stand out among the people.6the best title for this passage would be _.arole of women and minorities in managementbthe importance of being visiblecjob performance and advancementdsex and career success7according to the passage，the underlined sentence “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid” in the first paragraph probably refers to _.acriticisms that cause everyones experiencebthe tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eyecthe opinions which are in conflict with the established beliefsdthe ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization8we can learn from the passage that the most important factor to achieve success in ones career is to _.alet your bosses know how good you arebestablish a favorable image to the people around youcwork as a consultant to your bossesdwell perform your tasks given by your bosses9the reason why women and blacks make themselves less visible is that they _.aknow that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotionbwant to give people the impression that they work under false beliefscbelieve they can get promoted by their sex or colorddont want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color10in the authors opinion，colemans beliefs are _.aonesided bpopularcspecial dshallow.阅读填空(2015长沙高三模拟)have you had difficulty communicating an idea in the past? is it an easy task to talk with others? most people would agree that communication between two individuals should be simple.its important to remember that talking and communicating are different.when you communicate，you are successful in getting your point across.when you talk，you tend to build barriers that hinder communication.here are some of the barriers to effective communication.physical barriers are easy to spot.doors that are closed，walls that are built，and distance between people all work against the effective communication.while most agree that people need their own personal areas in the workplace，setting up an office to remove physical barriers is the first step to open communication.perceptual(感知的)barriers are internal.if you go into a situation where the person you are talking to isnt interested in what you have to say，you may end up subconsciously abandoning your effort to make your point.different cultures can hold back the development of communication if two different cultures conflict.in these cases，it is important to find common ground to work from.language barriers seem natural，but there are often hidden language barriers.if you work in an industry that is heavy on technical terms，you should avoid these words when speaking with laypersons(外行)in your field.gender barriers have become less of an issue in recent years，but it is still possible for a man to misunderstand the words of a woman，or vice versa.men and women tend to form their thoughts differently，and this must be taken into account when communicating.communication is not a oneway street.by overcoming these barriers，you can ensure that the statement you are making can be heard and understood by the person you are speaking with.in this way，you can be confident that your point has been expressed.title：barriers to 1._2._between talking and communicating3._ in letting others know your point when communicatingbeing likely to make communication4._ when talking5._physical 6._ an office to remove physical barriers is the first step to open communicationperceptualthe ones showing little interest in your words meaning an end to the communication7._finding no common ground to deal with the situation in two culture conflictlanguage avoiding using the 8._ when communicating with laypersons in your field genderdifferent ways of thinking causing 9._ between men and women10._being determined to overcome the barrierscommunicating effectively.阅读简答(2015湘中名校高三大联考)a vast dust storm that blew in from the deserts of australias red centre has blanketed the countrys largest city and eastern coast in a red fog，causing widespread traffic chaos and severe flight delays.residents from sydney in new south wales to canberra inland and towns in southern queensland awoke to a red sky and greatly reduced visibility after the countrys worst dust storm in 70 years blew in overnight.the sydney harbor bridge and opera house were covered in the red fog and hundreds of people were reported to have breathing problems.children，the elderly and those suffering from asthma (哮喘) or heart or lung diseases were advised to stay indoors，as even healthy adults reported “itchy throats” and a metallic aftertaste in their mouths after walking through the thick fog.commuters used face masks，originally intended to protect them from the spread of swine flu，to hurry across the blocked streets on their way to work.some schools were closed and sports activities were called off as the conditions pushed air pollution levels to 1,500 times their normal levelsthe highest on record.passengers at the busy sydney airport faced delays of up to six hours for international flights and three hours for domestic trips，and even some international flights were cancelled as visibility was reduced to just a few feet.locals，phoning radio stations to express their shock at the red dawn.“its like a nuclear winter morning，” tourist peter wilson told daily telegraph，“it is so terrible.” adding that when he awoke the sky was “bright red” and “all the cars were covered in dirt”the dust hanging over sydney had largely cleared by midafternoon，although national carrier qantas said severe delays would last all day because of directionchanged and laterunning flights.the sand storm，which measured more than 310 miles wide and 620 miles long，was caused by dust clouds blowing east from australias dry places，which has been attacked by the worst drought on record.it covered dozens of towns and cities in two states as strong winds swept away tons of topsoil threw it high into the sky and carried it hundreds of miles.1what was the face mask originally intended for？(no more than 10 words)_2when did most residents of sydney discover the vast storm？(no more than 3 words)_3what do you think the underlined word “qantas” is？(no more than 3 words)_4what is the main idea of the last paragraph？(no more than 10 words)_课后达标检测14.单项填空1解析：选c。考查名词辨析。句意：老板通过将tom的月薪提升到5 000美元来表示对他的赏识。appreciation“欣赏，赏识”，符合句意，故答案为c项。2解析：选a。第一空是现在分词作非限制性定语，修饰the detective，二者之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词；第二空是过去分词作定语，修饰the man，seat“使就座”，所以用其过去分词形式。3解析：选b。measure作“量度达”是不及物动词，和被修饰词snowman之间构成主动关系，所以选measuring作定语。4解析：选c。考查现在分词作宾补，宾语themselves和sit之间构成主动关系，且强调进行，所以用其现在分词形式。5解析：选c。in reaction to “作为对的反应”；符合句意“大部分老板都正在打算降工资来应对经济危机”。6解析：选c。考查代词。此处it作形式宾语，代替后面的“if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank为插入语。7解析：选b。cut out裁剪，戒掉；cut down削减，压缩，缩减；cut up切碎，切开；cut off 切断，隔断，断绝。由语境my uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking可知说话者的叔叔并没有“戒掉”吸烟，从后面的but at least的转折可以得知“他减少了吸烟的量”。因此该题的正确答案为b。题干的意思是：“我叔叔虽然没能戒掉吸烟，但是至少他吸得少了。”8解析：选b。句意：我的钱快用光了，在用完之前我得去银行取一些。run out不及物，