高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 2 Robots练习 新人教版选修7.doc

unit 2robots(60分钟81分)part a一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)amost people agree that honesty is a good thing.but does mother nature agree?animals cant talk,but can they lie in other ways?can they lie with their bodies and behaviors?animal experts may not call it lying,but they do agree that many animals,from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals.why?dishonesty often helps them survive.many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals.for example,a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young.when a predator(猎食动物)gets close to its nest,the plover leads the predator away from the nest.how?it pretends to have a broken wing.the predator follows the “hurt” adult,leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.another kind of bird,the scrub jay,buries its food so it always has something to eat.scrub jays are also thieves.they watch where others bury their food and steal it.but clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them.so they go back later,unbury the food,and bury it again somewhere else.birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work.how?they dont make nests.instead,they get into other birds nests secretly.then they lay their eggs and fly away.when the baby birds come out,their adoptive parents feed them.chimpanzees,or chimps,can also be sneaky.after a fight,the losing chimp will give its hand to the other.when the winning chimp puts out its hand,too,the chimps are friendly again.but an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winners hand and start fighting again.chimps are sneaky in other ways,too.when chimps find food that they love,such as bananas,it is natural for them to cry out.then other chimps come running.but some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food.that way,other chimps dont hear them,and they dont need to share their food.as is mentioned above,animals behave dishonestly for survival.is it ok to lie for us human?(2015福建永安质检)1.the writer uses the three questions at the beginning of the passage to .a.ask the readers to answer the questionsb.draw the readers attention to the topicc.seek answers to the questionsd.show he is at a loss about the questions2.which of the following is not an example of animals dishonest behaviors?a.the plover pretended to have a broken wing to protect its baby birds.b.a scrub jay dug out its buried food and reburied it somewhere else.c.the adoptive parents feed their baby birds of cuckoos.d.a losing chimp starts fighting again after taking the winners hand.3.the underlined word “sneaky” in paragraph 5 most probably means .a.selfishb.friendlyc.entertainingd.dishonest4.what is the common reaction of most chimps when they find their favorite food?a.they let out a loud cry.b.they cry in a very low voice.c.they hide their food immediately.d.they share their food with other chimps.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章通过列举一些鸟类和大猩猩的例子说明,动物有时会出于生存需要而撒谎。1.b推理判断题。文章开头提出几个与主题相关的问题,又一一作出回答,可见作者意不在问,而是为了吸引读者的注意。2.c细节理解题。文中第二、三、五段举例说明了plover,scrub jay和chimp使用欺骗手段取得自保的做法,因此选择c项。事实上,把蛋下在别的鸟巢里才是欺骗手段,而喂鸟并不是。3.d词义推测题。结合第一段倒数第三句中的“from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals”,第二段第一句以及划线词sneaky前的also一词可知,此处指猩猩和鸟类一样,也会表现得不诚实,故选d项。4.a细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句和第三句“when chimps find food that they love,such as bananas,it is natural for them to cry out.then other chimps come running.”可知,当猩猩们找到自己喜欢的食物时,往往会大声叫喊,呼朋引伴,故选a项。beven though it doesnt have a head,you can still tell what kind of animal it is:the robot is definitely modeled upon a cat.developed by epfls biorobotics laboratory(biorob),the “cheetah-cub robot,” a small-size quadruped prototype robot,is described in an article appearing today in the international journal of robotics research.what is special is the design of its legs,which makes it very fast and stable.this robot is the fastest in its kind.during tests,it showed its ability to run nearly seven times its body length in one second.in addition,the robot is extremely light and can be easily made from materials that are inexpensive and readily available.the machines strengths all lie in the design of its legs.the researchers developed a new model with this robot,one that is based on the careful observation and faithful reproduction of the cat-like leg.the number of segments(分段)three on each legand their proportions(比例)are the same as they are on a cat.springs are used to reproduce tendons(肌腱),and actuatorssmall motors that turn energy into movementare used to replace the muscles.biorob director auke ijspeert said,“its still in the experimental stages,but the long-term goal of the cheetah-cub robot is to be able to develop fast,agile,grounded machines for use in exploration,for example for search and rescue in natural disaster situations.studying and using the principles of the animal kingdom to develop new solutions for use in robots is the nature of our research.”1.which of the following can best function as the title of the passage?a.a robot that runs like a catb.how robots are widely usedc.the development of robotsd.a newly discovered animal2.according to paragraph 1,the robot is special for .a.its headb.its sizec.its model of a catd.its design of the legs3.the robot may be described as .a.fast,kind,strong and longb.fast,light,stable and cheapc.friendly,light,available and strongd.friendly,long,stable and available4.whats the attitude of auke ijspeert towards the future of the cheetah-cub robot?a.negative.b.indifferent.c.pessimistic.d.optimistic.【文章大意】本文是说明文,介绍了新研发的一种机器人。这种机器人成本较低、体重很轻,其四条腿像猫一样,能够跑得又快又稳。1.a主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了研究人员新开发的一种四条腿的、像猫一样可以跑得又快又稳的机器人。2.d细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“what is special is the design of its legs.”可知,机器人的特别之处在于对它腿部的设计,d项符合文意。3.b细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“.which makes it very fast and stable.”和第二段内容可知b项正确。4.d观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“the long-term goal.in natural disaster situations.”可知,此种机器人将会应用于很多领域,所以前景乐观。二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)on receiving my learners permit a couple of months ago,i started driving lessons straight away.however,it wasnt until two days ago 1. dad finally allowed me to drive on the motorway.our destination was orewa,2. seaside town.that morning i made sure i had enough to drink and went to the toilet about three times 3. we left.i thought i was totally prepared 4. the journey,but nothing could have prepared me for my familys complaints.“relax!dont hold the steering wheel so 5.(tight),”called a nervous voice from the backseat.“speed up.70km/h isnt fast enough.you are holding up the traffic,” another voice ordered from the seat next to 6.(i).how 7.(annoy)!to content them,i 8.(step) hard on the accelerator,and within a second,an angry voice began to yell again.“stop!slow down!are you crazy?did i tell you to go above 100km/h?”finally i drove into the city,where the speed limit was 50km/h.my family seemed relieved and stopped 9.(tell) me what to do.on our way home,the journey was much 10.(easy) than before as everyone else fell fast asleep.so,i just took my time and enjoyed the drive.(2016河北冀州中学期中考试)1.that。此处为“not.until.”结构的强调句,空处应填that。2.a。orewa是一个海滨小镇,应用a表示泛指。3.before。此处指启程离家之前去了三次洗手间,before符合文意。4.for。be prepared for“为做准备”。5.tightly。根据句子结构可知,此处应用副词tightly修饰动词hold。句意:放松些!方向盘不要握得太紧。6.mine/me。此处表示从靠近“我”的那个座位处传来又一声命令,所以应填写名词性物主代词mine或宾格代词me。7.annoying。以how开头的感叹句的中心词为形容词,此处指声音是多么令人讨厌,故空处填annoying“令人讨厌的,恼人的”。8.stepped。文章讲述的是过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。句意:为了让他们满意,我用力踩下了油门。9.telling。由relieved可知,家人们不再吩咐“我”怎么做了,应用动名词telling。stop doing sth.意为“不再做某事”。10.easier。由much和than可知此处应用比较级easier。part b一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)around three years ago,i was at a stop sign when i heard slight barking coming from a car parked on the street near me.it was very 1 and the dog was trying to get some of the cooler fresh air outside the car.without thinking i 2 my car and got out to help him.there was no way to 3 the dog because the car was locked.thinking of the irresponsible owner i became 4.i didnt know if i should 5 the window and take the dog or try to contact the owner.just then,i 6 a police car on the opposite side of the street.i ran out to seek for help.when the police officer helped open the door,the dog 7 both of us and ran quickly behind the house the car was parked in front of.we 8 the dog to make sure he was ok.then we saw 9 the dog had run:the dogs owner was 10 in the middle of his garage.obviously the man had a condition that caused him to have a(n) 11.this one was particularly 12 and required medical attention.after the incident i learned that had i not 13,both the dog and the man would likely have died.i was overcome with 14 and my eyes swelled up.i realized how much of an effect you can have on other peoples lives by doing the 15 thing.i was so quick to 16 assuming the dogs owner ignored his pet.and had the police officer not been around i may have just left a(n) 17 on the car after i took the dog.i cannot 18 what i would feel if i knew that man had died because of any number of things that may have gone 19.it made me understand that things are not always as they 20,and there are always several sides to every story.(2016河南中原名校联考)1.a.quiteb.darkc.hotd.dry2.a.droveb.parkedc.tookd.looked3.a.saveb.feedc.walkd.touch4.a.sadb.boredc.puzzledd.angry5.a.openb.breakc.cleand.replace6.a.hitb.calledc.noticedd.stopped7.a.disappointedb.frightenedc.excitedd.surprised8.a.looked afterb.went afterc.shouted atd.pointed at9.a.whyb.howc.whend.where10.a.workingb.sleepingc.standingd.lying11.a.attackb.restc.opportunityd.fight12.a.importantb.strangec.badd.clear13.a.knownb.continuedc.stayedd.helped14.a.uncertaintyb.anxietyc.exhaustiond.emotion15.a.riskyb.hardc.rightd.big16.a.judgeb.actc.blamed.agree17.a.addressb.notec.markd.number18.a.believeb.facec.imagined.remember19.a.quicklyb.differentlyc.perfectlyd.smoothly20.a.seemb.happenc.expectd.prefer【文章大意】本文是记叙文。“我”救了一只被困在车中的狗,并误以为是狗的主人失职所致,却意外得知事情的真相:狗的主人突发疾病而晕倒。由此“我”感触颇多。1.c根据下文“.to get some of the cooler fresh air outside the car.”可知,天气很热。2.b没有多想,“我”便把车停了下来,下车去帮助它。3.a车门锁着,没办法救这只狗。由上文“.got out to help him.”及下文“.take the dog or try to contact the owner.”可知,“我”在试图救这只狗,所以选a项。4.d因为想到狗主人不负责任,所以“我”应该很生气。5.b前文提到车门锁着所以“我”在想是不是要“打破”车窗救狗。6.c就在这时,“我”“注意”到在街道对面有一辆警车。c项顺承文意。7.d狗被救出后竟然跑走了,这让“我”和警察很“吃惊”。8.b“我”和警察为了确保狗的安全追了上去。look after“照顾,照看”;go after“追逐,追赶”;shout at“对大喊”;point at“指向”。9.a下文“the dogs owner was 10 in the middle of his garage.”告知了狗突然跑到屋后的原因,应选a项。10.d狗的主人正躺在车库内。由下文“.required medical attention.”可知应选择d项。11.a很显然,这个人是因为突发某种疾病而晕倒的。attack“(疾病)突然发作”。12.c由下文“.required medical attention.”以及“the man would likely have died”可知,狗主人的病情非常严重。bad“严重的,厉害的”,在此相当于serious。13.d如果“我”当时不施以援助的话,狗和狗的主人都可能会死去。d项符合文意。14.d根据下文“my eyes swelled up”可知,“我”情绪失控,应选d项。overcome“控制(感情)”。be overcome with emotion意为“激动得难以自持”。15.c由上文可知,“我”做了“正确的”事,救了狗和狗的主人,对别人的生活产生了巨大的影响。16.a根据下文中“assuming the dogs owner ignored his pet”可知,“我”很快做出判断,认定狗的主人失职。17.b如果当时没有警察在场,“我”可能会在救出狗之后,在车上留张便条,从而错失救狗主人的机会。18.c由would和if可知,这里指如果狗的主人死去,“我”会有什么样的感受,这是无法想象的。c项符合句意。19.b此处指很多事情的结果都会有所不同,b项符合文意。go differently“结果不同”。any number of“许多”。20.a根据下文和“我”的经历可知,很多事情并不总是像“看上去”那样。二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)tips for choosing a summer camp for your teensending your teenager off to a summer camp?here are things to keep in mind when picking the right camp.1 how can you find a camp that specializes in and appeals to teen campers?well,search for camps through c,the american camp association and the better business bureau.learn about different camps history programs,staff and so on.include your teen in the process.2 communicate with your teenagers and ensure that they are happy with the final decision.plus,most teen programs have the teen campers sign a camp contract,so make sure the camp is something your child is interested in.attend a camp fair.camp fairs often provide a great forum (论坛).3 search for a camp fair near you through the american camp association.think carefully about your teens interests.should you send your teens to a traditional camp or a more specialized summer program?are they in need of an academic improvement summer program?would a community service-centered camp make them better understand the world?4 visit the campgrounds and facilities(设施).meeting the camp staff is necessary,as they are the professionals who can help your family to have a positive summer camp experience.5 are teens mixed in with kids younger or older than themselves?give yourself enough time to help your teens find the right camp and make sure they are on their way to an exciting summer experience.a.explore your choices.b.look for teen camps.c.choosing a camp should be a team decision.d.would your kids do a good job at travel camps?e.these are important questions you should ask yourself.f.is the camp set up with activities that are interesting for teenagers?g.therefore,you can check out a variety of summer programs in one 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