高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练阅读理解29.doc

2014届高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练：阅读理解a “some of the worst human tragedies happening in the world today go on because we dont really see them. we rarely make eye communication with people who are suffering, so we act sometimes as if the people dont exist” the speaker is bill gates，the worlds richest manat a gathering in seattle，he is talking not as the microsoft chairman but as a partner in a strong personal duty. for gates and his wife，melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a lifes goal having set up their foundation(基金会)with close to $29 billion，the gates are on track to become historys greatest philanthropists(慈善家). but they do more than just give money out. experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others:“even with this great contribution，”says susan schwab, president and ceo of the university system of maryland foundation,“they know they cant solve these problems alone” their devotion came from different sourcesfor melinda，it was a vacation to zairewhere she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poor for bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases. “melinda and i had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them topeople，”bill said at the world health assembly in geneva. “we couldnt escape the cruel conclusion thatsome lives are seen as worth saving and others are not” from shock came action. they focused on the simple message that one life is worth no more or less than another. frances hesselbein, chairman of the non-profit leader to leader institute, says：“sometimes people give in a very fair way, but there is something about what they are doingthat is the opposite of that. it is very difficult to understand and very personal” both gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. so far，the gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health. they share a sense of urgency. “were not doing enough in developing countries to give out the treatments and practices we know are effective in fighting diseases such as malaria，tuberculosis and hiv，” the couple told usnews1. which of the following does bill gates think is not correct? a. we act sometimes as if the people suffering dont exist b. they cant solve these problems alone c. some lives are worth saving and others are not d. government would be doing everything to help people答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。本题可用排除法。四个选项之中只有c选项“有些生命值得挽救另外一些生命不值得挽救”是慈善家bill gates最不会赞同的观点，故答案为c。2. what does the underlined word “struck” in paragraph 4 probably mean? a. hit b. impressed c. attacked d. hurt答案解析：答案为b。本题为词义猜测题。由第四段划线词语的上下文 “for melinda，it was a vacation to zairewhere she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poorfor bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases.”可知，melinda见到的是极其贫穷的妇女，bill见到的是成千上万的儿童死于疾病，因此“struck”意思最接近b选项“impressed”，意为“给人印象最深刻的”。3. what do we know about the projects supported by gates foundation? a. they have had great influence on global health b. they are limited to the areas in africa c. they only focus on medical treatment d. they are carried out without governments support答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节推理题。由第二段最后一句话 “for gates and his wife，melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a lifes goal” 和最后一段第二句话 “so far， the gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health.”可知，gates 和他的妻子melinda对全球的健康作出了巨大贡献，可以推断a选项符合文意。 由最后一段 “both gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. were not doing enough in developing countries 可知，b选项错误。由第三段 “but they do more than just give money out. experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others”可知，c选项错误。由第四段 “ melinda and i had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them topeople，bill said at the world health assembly in geneva.”可知，盖茨的基金会有政府的支持，故d选项错误。均不选。4. the passage is intended to_ a. praise bill and melinda gates for their kindness b. raise more money for the foundation c. explain to people how the projects work d. convince more people of helping others答案解析：答案为d。本题考查文章的写作目的。初读文章似乎是在赞扬gates夫妇的慈善行为，但是如果把握全文的结构，本文的写作目的并非如此。文章第一段引用bill gates讲的话：我们无视受难人的存在。第二段指出这些话是bill gates在西雅图会议上不是作为微软公司的总裁而是作为一个具有强烈个人责任感的人所讲的话。第三段写到gates和他的夫人不仅仅捐钱，专家赞扬他们夫妇运用智慧和能力把众人聚集起来为慈善事业作贡献，并引用专家的话来证明他们夫妇尽管贡献非常大，但是他们知道单靠他们的力量并不能解决问题。第四段描写gates夫妇看到的受难人的景象。第五段则是他们的行动，他们向人们传达出一个“每个生命都平等”的简单信息，并用frances hesselbein的话来进一步解释这个信息的真正意义。最后一段gates夫妇告诉美国新闻他们在发展中国家所作的一切还不够，重申了本文的主旨。总结全文结构：第一、二段是gates夫妇在做号召工作，因为他们知道自己的力量不够；中间段落讲他们夫妇在哪些方面做了贡献；最后一段对他们的号召工作再次呼应。因此，全文是在用gates夫妇的例子来号召人们帮助他人。故答案为d。bidentifying which jobs put the most stress on american workers is, in itself, a risky business. everyone knows, for example, that air-traffic controllers have more than their share of white-knuckle day. but stressful jobs are not equally stressful to all people. some air-traffic controllers thrive on the flying circus. their secret, says suzane oouellette, a psychologist at the city university of new york, is hardiness, a balance of feeling committed, challenged and in control in the workplace.then again, some professions are inarguably tough to take. doctors, lawyers and police officers routinely top suicide lists. and some jobs are plain dangerous: miners have the highest job-fatality rate in the country. less extreme but much more widespread are the psychological hazards that result from 10 years of corporate downsizing and having to keep up with the speed and volume of computers. dr. rupert. burtan, a specialist in occupational medicine, says, many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done. that complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists.jobs that attract idealistic types can sour（使人不愉快的） when the work seems to make little meaningful difference. besides police officers and lawyers, inner-city teachers and journalists often fall into this category. doctors, interns and nurses can, too, when the waves of the sick seem endless.why the recent wave exhausts basketball coaches? sports give them tremendous responsibilities but, ultimately, little control. coaches can only coach; they cant actually run the plays. but if the team loses, they still get fired. similarly, waiters and waitresses get stiffed on tips if the cook screws up.but experts say the toughest occupation may still be that of working mom. many women who are bringing home the bacon are still expected to fry and serve it, too. there really are relatively few couples where child care and domestic work are truly shared, says harriet lerner, a psychologist at the menninger clinic. even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework. now thats a study in high stress and high shame.1. the example of air-traffic controllers is given in para. 1 to show that .a. its not easy to decide which jobs are stressfulb. nobody wants to be an air-traffic controllerc. they can easily succeed in their careerd. their job is the most dangerous one答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节题。文章第一段第一句话 “identifying which jobs put the most stress on american workers is, in itself, a risky business.”是该段的主题句，因此后面的例子air-traffic controllers就是用来证明第一句话，表明“判断哪种工作压力非常大不容易”，故答案为a。2. the underlined word “it” in para. 2 refers to .a. the working timeb. the speed of computersc. the amount of workd. the size of computers答案解析：答案为c。本题为词义猜测题。结合划线词语的上下文 “ many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done. that complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists.” 可知，办公桌上堆了太多的东西，也没有足够时间去做完，这些抱怨通常来自压力最大的秘书，因此可以推断划线部分的“it”指代的是工作量，故答案为c。3. what makes working mothers have the toughest occupation?a. the housework only.b. the unhappy family life.c. the full-time job.d. their double roles.答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。由最后一段倒数第二句话 “even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework.”可知，甚至是不工作的丈夫所做的家务仅仅只有36%，因此上班的妈妈工作最艰难是因为她们比丈夫承担了双倍的责任（64%），故答案为d。4. it can be inferred from the passage that .a. people often lose interest in their jobsb. people tend to choose wrong professionsc. it is easy to find an ideal job in modern timesd. the ideal jobs can turn stressful as well答案解析：答案为d。本题为推理题。全文围绕工作压力展开论述，因此答案为d。a、b、c都不是文章所讨论的，均不选。teenagers at one german school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other traditional subjects such as math and languages. the class sit in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts, the next voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side. the aim of the game is to listen for an opportunity to shout out the number without clashing(冲突) with another voice or leaving a pause. on the first try, most of the young germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in, but by the fifth time round, they develop a rhythm(节奏). the message: give other people space but also confidently claim your own. this is a requirement for social well-being. the willy hellpach school in heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness course. it is intended for students preparing for university entrance exams. “the course isnt there to make you happy,” ernst fritz-schubert, the school principal, warned pupils, “but rather to help you discover the ways to become happy.” cooking a meal together is one of the class exercises. improving body language under the guidance of two professional actresses is another. the course is taught for three periods a week. despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter. “in the first period, we had to each say something positive about another member of the class and about ourselves. no laughing at people or teasing(取笑),” said fanny, 17. the message: self-esteem(自尊) improves happiness, too. research by the school shows it is not the first to start happiness classes: they also exist at some us universities, but are mainly based on positive thinking, using findings from studies of depression. “that would be too one-sided for us. we want to show how decent food or exercise can help, too,” the principal said. 1. the best title of this text would be_. a. basic things for happiness b. having a try to be happy c. learning how to be happy d. laughing a lot at school答案解析：答案为c。第一段 “teenagers at one german school are learning how to achieve happiness” 就点出文章的题目“学会如何保持快乐”，故答案为c。2. why is the course compared with math and languages? a. it is given like the subjects which already exist. b. it is as important as traditional courses. c. it is necessary for the students. d. it arouses similar interest of the students at this school.答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题，解答此题可以用排除法。d选项“它唤起了学生相似的兴趣”在文中未提，可以首先排除。由第一段 “teenagers at one german school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other traditional subjects such as math and languages.” 中“alongside”理解是关键，它意为“在旁边”，也就是说快乐课程相对于数学和语言科目来说处于次要位置，对于学生来说并非是必要的，故b、c选项错误，因此只有选择a选项。文中第二、三段介绍了快乐课程的授课方式，和传统课程类似，再次证明a选项是可选的。故答案为a。3. this course is required to be taken by_. a. first year studentsb. all students at this school c. students with mental problemsd. students who are going to finish school答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。由第四段 “it is intended for students preparing for university entrance exams.”可知，该课程是为正在为大学入学考试准备的学生而开设的，故答案为d。4. the underlined word in the last paragraph “decent” is closest in meaning to_. a. strange b. good c. useful d. ridiculous答案解析：答案为b。本题为词义猜测题。由最后一段 “ “that would be too one-sided for us. we want to show how decent food or exercise can help, too,” the principal said.”可知，校长认为快乐课程让学生发现变得快乐的方式很片面，他认为美食和运动也会起到帮助，因此可以推断，与“decent”意思最接近的是b选项“good”。b i was walking along the main street of a small seaside town in the north of england looking for somewhere to make a phone call. my car had broken down outside the town and i wanted to contact the aa. low grey clouds were gathering across the sky and there was a cold damp wind blowing off the sea which nearly threw me off my feet every time i crossed one of the side streets. it had rained in the night and water was dripping from the bare trees that lined the street. i was glad that i was wearing a thick coat. there was no sign of a call box, nor was there anyone at that early hour whom i could ask. i had thought i might find a shop open selling the sunday papers or a milkman doing his rounds, but the town was completely dead. the only living thing i saw was a thin frightened cat outside a small restaurant. then suddenly i found what i was looking for. there was a small post office, and almost hidden from sight in a dark narrow street next to it was the towns only public call box, which badly needed a coat of paint. i hurried forward, but stopped in astonishment when i saw through the dirty glass that there was a man inside. he was fat, and was wearing a cheap blue plastic raincoat. i could not see his face and he did not even raise his head at the sound of my footsteps. discreetly(谨慎地), i remained standing a few feet away and lit a cigarette to wait my turn. it was when i threw the dead match on the ground that i noticed something bright red trickling from under the call box door.1. at what time was the story set?a. an early winter morning.b. a cold winter afternoon.c. an early summer morning.d. a windy summer afternoon.答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节推理题。由第一段提到的“a cold damp wind”和第二段首句中提到的“at that early hour” 可以推断，故事发生在冬天的大清早。 故答案为a。2. which of the following words best describe the writers impression of the town?a. cold and frightening.b. dirty and crowded.c. empty and dead.d. unusual and unpleasant.答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。由第二段 “but the town was completely dead. the only living thing i saw was a thin frightened cat outside a small restaurant.”可知，小镇完全死气沉沉，唯一看到活着的东西就是小餐馆外一只消瘦、胆怯的猫，可以推断，小镇给作者的印象就是空荡和死气沉沉。故答案为c。3. the underlined word “trickling” in the last paragraph probably means_.a. rushing out suddenlyb. shining brightlyc. flowing slowly in dropsd. appearing slowly in a red color 答案解析：答案为c。本题为词义猜测题。通过第三段的描写，作者透过公用电话亭脏兮兮的玻璃看到里面有个人，他胖胖的，穿着一件便宜的蓝色塑料雨衣，看不到脸，听到作者脚步声的时候他甚至连头都没抬一下，当作者在门外等候的时候，点燃了一支烟，当他把熄灭的火柴扔到地上的时候，注意到电话亭门下面有鲜红的东西从门下面.四个选项中，a选项意思离文意最远，故排除。文中第一、二段提到的 “a cold damp wind”、 “it had rained in the night and water was dripping from the bare trees that lined the street.”和“but the town was completely dead.”等都是在衬托小镇的凄凉和可怕，因此可以推断，那红色的东西是电话亭里的人被谋杀后流出的鲜血，故“trickling”意思最接近c选项“一滴滴慢慢地流着”。4. why didnt the man raise his head when the writer came near?a. he was annoyed at being seen by the writer.b. he was angry at being disturbed by the writer.c. he was probably fast asleep.d. he was probably murdered.答案解析：答案为d。结合上题分析可知，当作者走进的时候电话亭里的人不抬头的原因是因为他有可能已经被谋杀。故答案为d。robinson diaz lives in a small cottage high in the andes mountains of south america. diaz is a “cable racer”, and every morning he faces the difficult task of taking the local teacher to her school. to do this, he first walks for an hour up to a place the locals call los pinos, right at the edge of the 400-foot deep gorge(峡谷) of the negro valley. here, one end of a thick metal cable has been fixed to a wooden post. the cable stretches right across the deep valley to the other side, a kilometer away. a metal hook is fixed to the cable, with leather straps hanging from it. diaz fastens the straps around his shoulders and waist, does a quick safety check and then, without hesitating, throws himself off the edge of the mountain. attached to the cable by only the metal hook, he rapidly picks up speed and soon he is racing through the air. crossing the valley by wire takes him 30 seconds, instead of the two hours it would take him to walk down through the rain forest and climb up the steep muddy slopes on the other side. as diaz begins his trip, diana rios, a 23-year-old elementary teacher, is waiting on. the other side of the gorge for the moment when he will come racing through the mist towards her at 100 mph. she will then return with him, hanging on to him as he goes back along the cable. diana had no idea when she took the teaching job that just getting to work in the village school would be dangerous. at first i wanted to cry, she says, clutching her hook as the metal cable starts to rattle(喀哒作响) violently at diazs approach. “but i soon got used to it.” she still prefers to go with diaz, though, rather than making the frightening and hazardous(危险) crossing on her own. for the inhabitants(居民) of los pinos, the wire cable is a lifeline. for more than 50 years, it has served the community as a form of transport to and from the rest of the world. everything that comes arrives via the cable-bricks and wood for building, sacks of rice and corn. pregnant mothers, who must get to the nearest clinic, cross the wire during the darkness of the night, returning with their newborn babies. it is dangerous, but they have no choice. this time robinson diaz makes a perfect landing on dianas side of the gorge. for him, the dangers of this daily journey are insignificant. “what im really scared of is snakes,” he says. “this is nothing in comparison.” then dianna straps herself into her harness and hooks herself up to the wire behind dia