广东省东莞市南开实验学校高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练题（19）.doc

广东省东莞市南开实验学校2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练题（19）阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a, b, c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。adear michelle, why cant my daughter manage her life better? she is 17 and an honor student, but she seems to be wasting her life away with a boyfriend who is holding her back. he consumes every waking minute of her precious time and smooth-talks her as well. his goal is to get her to agree to go to the college of his choice, not her choice, and because his grades are lower, his choice will be limited. i feel like i want to rescue her, but she pushes me away and shuts me out. she has only brought us pride and joy; and now this! help! a worried motherdear mother of a 17-year-old girl, hmmmmm. whats the matter with kids today? remember that song from bye bye birdie? well if you do not, let me fill you in about teenagers and their life-management skills. do not expect too much too soon because at the ripe age of 17, life-management is not within their reach, nor should it be. life experience creates both the conditions and the skills for management, and if management went before experience, there would be little of it. your daughter is an honor student for good reasons. she is smart, studies with intelligence and you have given her good values. when the time comes for her to apply for college, and she visits the ones that are specifically designed for students at the top of their grade, she will most likely break away from her boyfriends influence. it is rare for an honor student to change the path of their academic career for puppy love. that being said, there might be some adolescent wisdom in her behavior after all. perhaps she is choosing to worry you, her parents, for unconscious reasons. being such a good girl and being a steady source of joy might have become a bit too much for her. let your daughter have her own private moment of 11th grade rebellion. she deserves a break from perfection. michelle【文章大意】本文叙述了两封信第一份信是一位母亲认为17岁的女儿不听自己的建议，会听她男朋友的话，选择一个不理想的大学而求助于编辑。第二封信是编辑就此事给出的建议，认为她的女儿是一个优秀生，会做出正确的决定的。26. from the mothers letter we can learn that her daughter .a. is being fooled by the boy b. has fallen behind in her studiesc. doesnt talk much with her mother d. has chosen which college to attend【答案】c【 解析】推理判断题。根据he consumes every waking minute of her precious time and smooth-talks her as well可知女儿的男朋友消耗了她醒着的每一分钟，用花言巧语哄骗她的女儿，因此可推断这位母亲和她的女儿之间的谈话不多。故选c。27. according to michelle, 17-year-old teenagers .a. are too young to manage their life b. are old enough to live their own lifec. should have management before experience d. have reached the age of an adult【答案】a【 解析】推理判断题。根据do not expect too much too soon because at the ripe age of 17, life-management is not within their reach, nor should it be.可知michelle认为17岁的青少年没有能力管理好自己人生。故选a。28. the underlined word puppy-love refer to . a. false love b. foolish love c. pure love d. adolescent love【答案】d【 解析】词义猜测题。根据there might be some adolescent wisdom in her behavior after all.可知这位母亲的女儿在青春期谈恋爱，应是早恋。故选d。29. michelle seems to believe that the daughter will finally .a. come up with the right decision b. follow her boyfriends advice c. worry her parents for unconscious reasons d. influence her boyfriends behavior【答案】a【 解析】推理判断题。根据she will most likely break away from her boyfriends influence.可知那位女儿最终会不受她男朋友的影响，自己会做出正确的决定。故选a。30. the best title for the passage would be . a. college of kids own choice b. how can i help my girl?c. how to manage teenagers life? d. a 17-year-old girl and her mother【答案】b【 解析】标题归纳题。根据全文的两封信可知一位母亲认为17岁的女儿不听自己的建议，会听她男朋友的话，选择一个不理想的大学而求助于编辑，编辑就此事给出的建议。因此本文的标题应是如何帮助我的女儿。故选b。较难题目特训：介绍说明类-25阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a study has showed that the brain makes decisions about 10 seconds before a person realizes it. experts involved in the study said that looking at brain activity while making a decision,they could predict the choices the subjects would make, before they realized that they had made a decision. lead researcher john-dylan haynes, a neuroscientist (神经学家)at the max planck institute for human cognitive and brain sciences in leipzig, said that the new findings called into questions for “consciousness”of decisions that people make, and might even challenge ideas as to how“free”people are to make a decision at a particular moment.“we think our decisions are conscious, but these data show that consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg,”nature magazine quoted (引用) him as saying. thinking the results“quite dramatic”, frank tong of vanderbilt university in nashville, tennessee, said that 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity. during the study, the brains of 14 volunteers were imaged as they performed a decision-making task. the subjects had two buttons before them, each to be operated by a different hand, which they could press when they felt the urge to. they were simultaneously (同时地)shown a stream of letters, which appeared on a screen at half-second intervals (间隔). the volunteers had to remember which letter was showing when they decided to press their button.upon analysis of the data, the researchers realized that the earliest signal they could catch started seven seconds before the volunteers reported having made their decision. given the delay of a few seconds in the imaging, they reckoned (估计) that the brain activity could have begun about ten seconds before the conscious decision. the researchers showed that the signals were picked up from a region (区域)called the frontopolar cortex (脑额极皮层),which is located at the front of the brain, immediately behind the forehead.while writing about the observations made during the research in his study report, haynes said that the frontopolar cortex might be the brain region where decisions are started. he also showed that the next step in the research would be to speed up the data analysis so as to enable his team to predict peoples choices as their brains would make them. 1. the passage tells us that _.a. we are aware of our whole process of decision-makingb. people dont make decisions until they realize itc. experts have no way to tell what decision one will maked. the decision-making process starts before it is made2. the underlined word “subjects”in para. 2 probably refers to _.a. the topic of the experts research paperb. the scientific subjects that the experts were studyingc. the things that experts dont know clearlyd. the volunteers that the experts worked on for their research3. the underlined sentence“consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg”in para. 4 means that _.a. our decision-making is consciousb. the data contains a lot of information besides consciousnessc. consciousness is the major part of the datad. 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity4. the final purpose of the research _.a. is not stated clearly in the passageb. is not acknowledged by expertsc. is to show where decision-making startsd. is to analyze the data picked up5. the passage implies that _.a. the research has been completedb. the research was conducted by two expertsc. the decision-making process lasts only about 10 secondsd. we may predict what decisions people will make in the future 【参考答案】25.ddba 较难题目特训：介绍说明类-26阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。three years ago, the president of harvard, lawrence h. summers, got into trouble for questioning womens“intrinsic (内在的)aptitude (能力)”for science and engineering. recently, a study paid for by americas national science foundation has found that girls perform as well as boys on standardized math tests. although boys in high school performed better than girls in math 20 years ago, the researchers found that is no longer the case. the reason, they said, is simple: girls used to take fewer advanced math courses than boys, but now they are taking just as many. “now that enrollment in advanced math courses is equalized, we dont see gender differences in test performance,” said marcia c. linn of the university of california, berkeley, a co-author of the study. “but people are surprised by these findings, which suggests to me that the stereotypes are still there.”the researchers looked at the average test scores of all students, the performance of the most gifted children and the ability to solve complex math problems. they found, in every category, that girls did as well as boys. janet hyde, a professor at the university of wisconsin, madison, who led the study, said the stereotypes about girls and math, had taken a toll (造成伤害). “the stereotype that boys do better at math is still held widely by teachers and parents,” hyde said. “and teachers and parents guide girls, giving them advice about what courses to take, what careers to pursue. i still hear anecdotes about guidance counselors (顾问)steering (指导)girls away from engineering, telling them they wont be able to do the math.”the study also analyzed the gender gap on the math section of the sat. since more girls than boys go to college, about 100, 000 more girls than boys take the test, including lower-achieving girls who bring down the girls average score.1. what might be the reason to carry out the study? a. to put harvard university to shame for its presidents prejudice against girls. b. to find out if theres any gender gap in science. c. to help girls to earn equal social status as boys. d. to enroll more girls in advanced math courses in the university. 2. which statement about peoples opinions of girls is not true? a. people still find it hard to believe average girls perform in math as well as boys. b. highly educated people are more likely to accept the fact that girls can do well in math. c. many teachers and parents advise girls to avoid careers like engineering based on their talent. d. some guidance counselors think careers related with math are not suitable for girls. 3. we can learn from the text except _.a. girls used to perform worse than boys in math because they didnt take as many advanced math coursesb. the stereotype about girls and math may lead to misguided choice of future careersc. the average lower scores of girls in sat math test prove that boys do better in mathd. the public doesnt accept outspoken prejudice against girls talent for math despite the stereotype4. the main purpose of writing the passage is to_.a. report the findings of a research into girls math abilityb. criticize those who hold the wrong belief that girls cannot do well in mathc. prove that the stereotype that girls do worse in math is wrongd. help girls regain confidence in learning math well 【参考答案】26.bbca 阅读理解-its really true what people say about english politeness: its everywhere. when squeezing past someone in a narrow passage, people say sorry. when getting off a bus, english passengers say thank you rather than the driver. in germany, people would never dream of doing these things. after all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. i used to think the same way, without questioning it, until i started traveling to the british isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting (交往) with people in uk.people thank each other everywhere in england, all the time. when people buy something in a shop, customers and retail assistants in most cases thank each other twice or more. in germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. british students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. english employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.another thing i observed during my stay was that english people rarely criticize others. even when i was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. it has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, english people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. this also is showed in other ways. british men still open doors for women, and british men are more likely to treat women to a meal than german men. however, i do need to point out here that this applies to english men a bit more than it would to scottish men! yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.【文章大意】本文您叙述了英国人讲究礼貌。英国人到处一直在讲礼貌，像英国的老板会因他的职员所做的工作而感谢他们。英国人避免批评别人，他们努力使其他人感到舒适。31. what is the authors attitude towards english politeness