山东省高密市教科院高考英语二轮复习《冠词》学案.doc

山东省高密市教科院2013届高三高考二轮复习英语冠词学案1. 以考查冠词的基础用法为重点（特指，类指，泛指），熟记定冠词和零冠词的 特殊用法；2. 和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化将成为考查重点；3. 理解有无冠词意义不同的词组；4. 对冠词的灵活运用即一些固定短语，特殊句式将仍旧会出现在高考试卷中。 冠词在高考中的考查重点：冠词虽小，有定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词三类，但却是历年各地高考必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空和短文改错中出现。解题的方法：1. 以考查冠词的基础用法为重点（特指，类指，泛指）, 熟记定冠词和零冠词的特殊用法；2. 和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化将成为考查重点；3. 理解有无冠词意义不同的词组；4. 对冠词的灵活运用即一些固定短语，特殊句式将仍旧会出现在高考试卷中。高考例题【2012全国ii】7. he missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.a. the; the b. /; a c. the; a d. a; /【答案】c 【解析】此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”，故用定冠词the；第二空意为：再得到一次机会，泛指“一次机会”。句意：他在跳高中失去了金牌，但他在跳远中将得到一次机会。【考点】考查冠词的用法。【2012四川卷】18. we are said to be living in _ information age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes.a. an; the b. 不填; the c. 不填; a d. the; a 【答案】 d 【考点】本题考查冠词。【解析】第一空information age前加定冠词the为固定说法；第二空根据句意“据说我们正生活在信息时代，一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代。”用不定冠词。故答案选d。【2012辽宁卷】21. i woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone. a. the; the b. the; an c. a; the d. a; an【考点】冠词【答案】c【解析】第一空表示泛指；第二空为固定用法，用定冠词the，故选c项不定冠词的用法1. a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。e.g. _ book _ egg _ useful book _ underground room2. 基本用法：指人或事物的某一种类。e.g. she is a girl. 她是女孩。this is a desk. 这是一张书桌3. 泛指某人或者某物，但又不具体说明何人何物。e.g. i can see a kite. 我能看见一只风筝。 a boy is in grade 1. 一个男孩在一年级。4. 表示“数量”，“有一”、“每一”的意思e.g. we have six classes a day. 我们一天上六节课。定冠词的用法1. 基本用法：“特指”，特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，以便与其他的人或物有所区别。e.g. the book on the desk is jims. 书桌上的那本书是吉姆的。 the chairs are there. 椅子在那里。2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。e.g. where is the kite? 风筝在哪儿？ （双方都知道指的是哪只风筝。） open the door, please. 请把门打开。 （双方都知道要打开哪扇门。） 3. 在叙述中，上文提到过的人或者事物，再次出现时。e.g. a: i can see a kite. 我看见一只风筝。 b: where is the kite? 这个风筝在哪里？4. 用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”。e.g. the blacks 布莱克一家5. 用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前。e.g. the sun the sky the moon the earth6. 用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词 only, very, same前。e.g. i live on the second floor. 我住在二楼。 skating is the best sport in winter. 滑冰是冬天最好的运动。7. 与单数名词连用表示一类事物。 e.g. the dollar 美元 the fox 狐狸与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人。e.g. the living 生者 the dead 死人 the poor 穷人8. 用在表示乐器的名词之前 e.g. the violin the piano9. 用在一些习惯用语中e.g. in the day in the dark in the rain in the morning / afternoon / evening the day before tomorrow / yesterday the next morning / week / month / year in the sky / water / field / country in the distance in the middle (of) in the end on the whole by the way go to the theatre (cinema)不使用冠词的情况1. 名词前有了物主代词、指示代词、不定代词和“ s ”所有格时。e.g. our books those apples jims pen2. 复数名词在表示一类人或者事物时。e.g. they are teachers. 他们是老师。3. 在专有名词前。e.g. china england4. 在星期、月份、节日前。e.g. on sunday in august on childrens day 5. 在球类运动前及三餐名词前。6. 在一些固定搭配中。e.g. at night go to school at table by bike at home at school go to bed watch tv at work巩固练习multiple choice. 1. how about taking _ short break? i want to make _ call. (2007四川) a. the; a b. a; the c. the; the d. a; a2. i wanted to catch _ early train, but couldnt get _ ride to the station. (2007天津)a. an, the b. /, the c. an, / d. the, a 3. gorge couldnt remember when he first met mr. anderson, but he was sure it was _ sunday because everybody was at _ church. (2007重庆) a. /; the b. the; /c. a; / d. /; a4. _ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head. (2008浙江) a. an; the b. the; the c. an; 不填 d. the; 不填 5. its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break. (2008全国ii) a. a; a b. the; a c. the; the d. a; the6. my neighbor asked me to go for _ walk, but i dont think ive got _ energy. (2008辽宁) a. a; 不填 b. the; thec. 不填；the d. a; the 7. in order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language. (2009四川)a. the; a b. a; a c. the; the d. a; the8. what _ pity that you couldnt be there to receive _ prize! (2009陕西)a. a; a b. the; a c. a; the d. the; the 9. lets go to _ cinema thatll take your mind off the problem for _ while. (2009海南) a. the; the b. the; a c. a; the d. a ; a10. everything comes with _ price; there is no such _ thing as free lunch in the world. (2010重庆) a. a, a b. the, /c. the, a d. a, / 11. its _ good feeling for people to admire the shanghai world expo that gives them _ pleasure. (2010福建)a. 不填, a b. a, 不填c. the, a d. a, the12. if we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. (2010山东) a. 不填; the b. 不填; a c. the; a d. the；the 13. it is generally accepted that _ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man. (2011全国) a. a; a b. a; the c. the; the d. a; 不填14. take your time its just _ short distanc