江苏省高邮市送桥高级中学高考英语一轮复习 Module6 Unit3 Understanding each other Period6 grammar（2）导学案（无答案）牛津译林版.doc

m6 unit 3 understanding each other period 6 grammar(2)learning aims（学习目标）：1. get a general idea of unreal conditionals2. master some usages of unreal conditionals 预习导航【有关资料查一查】1. if i_ (be) you, i would go there with him.2. if i had worked had in the school, i _ (be) a college student now.3. _ he _ (follow) your advice, he would have passed the examinations.4. if you _ (not come) here tomorrow, we would cancel the meeting.5. if mother_ (have) $10 yesterday, she would have bought me a present.6. it was a pity i had no money then. if i _some, i _buy the souvenir. a. had; would buy b. had had; had bought c. had had; would have bought d. had; would have bought 7. _you _ to university, you might have a bright future. a. will; go b. should; go c. had; gone d. were; go8. if we _in the usa, we _different festivals. a. are living; would celebrate b. had lived; would celebrate c. were living; celebrated d. were living; would celebrate 9. he helped me a lot, otherwise i _. a. couldnt succeed b. couldnt have succeeded c. cant have succeeded d. mustnt have succeeded10. 要是我不向他道歉，他就不会原谅我了。 _11. 如果你不参加庆典，你会后悔的。 _12. 如果不了解文化差别，你会做出令人尴尬的事。_13. 如果人人有电脑，我们的生活会很精彩。_巩固拓展【能力升华提一提】虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用在主语从句中， 在下面的几种情况下，谓语动词通常用“_”it is+形容词+that句型。常见的形容词有important,_, natural, funny, _, surprising, astonishing , (令人惊讶的), essential等。 it is +名词+that句型。常见的名词有pity, shame, _, _, proposal(提议，建议)， requirement, request, desire, order等。 it is+动词的过去分词+ that句型。常见的动词有advise, order, propose, request, suggest, demand, require等。在以上三种句型中，主语从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”， should可省略。例如：it is important that we _( have )a good knowledge of computer in modern times。it is necessary that these useful expressions_(be) learnt by heart。it is a shame that children_ (force) to beg in the streets in the capital city。its suggested that the school (should) organize an outing when spring comes。it is required that middle-schools students (should) take at least one-hour exercise every day。在下列动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。这类动词有：insist(坚持)， urge (催促)， order(命令)， command(命令)， request(请求，要求)， demand(要求)，require(要求，需要)suggest(建议)，advise(建议)，propose(建议) , recommend(建议， 推荐) 等。the captain insisted that the wounded soldier (should) be sent to hospital at once。the policeman demanded the thief (should) tell his name and address。doctors strongly recommend that fathers (should) be present at their babys birth。【记忆小窍门】一个“坚持”和”催促”、二个“命令”， 三个“要求”， 四个“建议”。在含有advice, order, demand, proposal(提议) requirement, suggestion等名词的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。the governor gave order that the flood (should) be controlled before dark。my suggestion is that the project (should) be completed by the end of the year。在一些名词性从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或“should +have done”，表示惊讶、意志等感情色彩，译为“竟然，居然”。i am surprised /shocked that you should speak in such a way。i find it astonishing that he should be so rude to his mum。it is strange /surprising that she should not have been invited。i am glad that your story should have won the first prize。在wish后的宾语从句中表示将来的愿望实现的可能性非常小，wish后的宾语从句的谓语动词用should/would/could/ might+动词原形。we wish the friendship between the two countries would last forever。表示与现在事实相反的愿望，宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)。he always wishes he were a millionaire and owned a big house and a sports car.表示与过去事实相反的愿望，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。how he wished he hadnt wasted too much time on playing computer games while at school.在would rather/would prefer后的宾语从句中在would rather/would prefer后的宾语从句中，常用过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。在would rather/would prefer从句中frankly speaking, i would rather you came tomorrow. the manager isnt available today。i would rather you had gone to the party with me last night. it was really wonderful。could i smoke here?id prefer it if you didnt smoke in front of the children。3. 在as if/though 后的方式状语从句中，表示某种情况与现在的事实相反， 谓语动词用过去式;表示即将发生的情况“用情态动词+动词原形”;表示某种的情况有过去的事实相反， 谓语动词用过去完成时。the coach always treats the players as if they were his own children.she was suffering from a bad cold. her head felt as if it would burst。gary was behaving as though nothing had happened。4 在it is (high) time(that)定语从句中，谓语用过去时或用should+动词原形。should不可省略。its high time that we devoted/should devote our time to preparing for the coming exam。5. 在if only感叹句中if only表示“但愿”，“要是就好了”，句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。其构成的方法与wish后的宾语从句基本相同。if only xiao huas mother were still alive!if only i had known the answer when my teacher questioned me。四. 注意事项1. 错综时间虚拟条件句中如果if条件句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，从句和主句的谓语动词的形式要根据各自的时间来调整， 这种情况被称作“错综时间虚拟语气”或“混合虚拟语气”。if america had not made wars on iraq, the iraqi people would be living a peaceful life now。if i were you, i would have visited the museum yesterday.if we didnt have an exam tomorrow, my friends and i could be playing football now。2. 有时，只在条件句或主句中使用虚拟语气，而另一分句用陈述语气。if you should change your mind, do let me know。should anyone call (= if anyone calls)， please tell them that im busy。can you read that form carefully, if you wouldnt mind, and then sign it?i would appreciate it if you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.what would you do if it rains tomorrow?we have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready。3. 在一些日常会话中，一些简单句通常暗含虚拟的意味。句中的谓语动词用would/could/ should be等形式或should/would/could/might have been等形式。it couldnt be better. 那太好了。i couldnt agree with you more. 我非常同意你的意见。how careless i was! i could have done better in the exam. 我太粗心了，我本来可以考得很好的。tom hasnt arrived yet. i should have written down the address for him. 我本应该把地址写下来的。4. 若insist表示“坚持说”，suggest表示“暗示，表明”，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。the smile on the boys face suggested that he was happy to die for his country。the man insisted that he had not stolen anything and (should) be set free immediately。5. 如果as if/though从句描述的是真实的情况，谓语动词则用陈述语气，而不用虚拟语气。it looks as if it is going to rain。it sounds as though she has been really ill。 6. 在“had better/would rather, would like/love to, was/were to+ have done sth ”表示过去希望做某事，但事实上未做。例如： do you mind if i open the window?id rather you didnt. i feel a bit cold。 7. need不必做和本不该做didnt need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.neednt have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。john went to the station with the car to meet mary, so she didnt need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。john went to the station with the car to meet mary, so she neednt have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (mary步行回家，没有遇上john的车。)典型例题there was plenty of time. she _. a. mustnt have hurriedb. couldnt have hurriedc. must not hurryd. neednt have hurried五. 精典名题导解1. (2008山东)thank you for all your hard work last week. i dont think we _ it without you。a. can manage b. could have managed c. could manage d. can have managed2. (2008江西)what a pity! considering his ability and experience, he _ better。a. need have done b. must have done c. can have done d. might have done3. i wish i _ the meeting。but you didnt。 a. attended b have attended c, attend d, had attended4. why didnt you come to mikes birthday party yesterday?well, i_, but i forgot it。a.should have b.must c.should d.must have5. i _ to go for a walk, but someone called and i couldnt get way。a. was planning b. had planned c. planned d. would plan6. i would like _ you to my birthday party, but i was busy and forgot to call you。a. to invite b. inviting c. to have invited d. having invited7.did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?no, we _ visited it, but we spent too much time shopping。a. could have b. must have c. can have d. ought to have课堂训练【学有所得练一练】i multiple choice1 i was really anxious about you. you _ home without a word. (2001全国) a. mustnt leaveb. shouldnt have left c. couldnt have left d. neednt leave2how do you_ we go to beijing for our holidays? (2004福建) i think wed better fly there. its much more comfortable. a. insist b. want c. suppose d. suggest3. i have lost one of my gloves. i it somewhere.a. must drop b. must have droppedc. must be dropping d. must have been dropped4. eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday. (2006全国i) a. was happening b. happens c. has happened d. happened5. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. a. would you be b. should you be c. could you be d. might you beii. translation1. 如果你听了医生的话，你早就恢复健康了。2如果没有虚拟语气，英语就容易多了。3如果她更加努力的话，她就成功了。 4万一他不来，你就代替他。5 如果我是你，我就不回这个电话。6 如果我的女儿不忙的话， 她就会来帮助你。iii精编陷阱题训练1. “i still havent thanked aunt lucy for her present.” “its time you _.” a. dob. did c. had d. would2. if i hadnt been lucky enough to meet you. i really _ what i would have done. a. dont knowb. hadnt known c. wasnt knowingd. wouldnt know3. “ive told everyone about it.” “oh, id rather you _.” a. dontb. hadnt c. couldntd. wouldnt4. it has been raining for a day, but even though it hadnt rained, we _ there by tomorrow. a. cant getb. wont get c. hadnt got d. wouldnt get5. “do you know his address？” “no, i also wish i _ where he _.” a. knew, live b. knew, lives c. know, lives d. know, lived6. “isnt it about time you _ to do morning exercises？” “yes, it is. would you like to join us？” a. begin b. have begun c. began d. had begun7. it is hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i _ in love, at the age of seven, with the melinda cox library in my hometown. a. wouldnt have fallen b. had not fallen c. should falld. were to fall8.