Unit 1 We have been hit.doc

Unit 1 We have been hit!Noun. Verb. n./v.Adj. Phrase 4. illusion1.lash vi. /vt.6. rumble 5. devastating11. find ones way out10. purgatory 2. scoff9. glance12. ultimate16. off and on14. dilemma3. sway20. panic13. moral24. make it19. pandemonium6. rumble 23. transfer17. reassuring29. meet up (with)21.descent7. careen 24.collapse23. confusion8. cast9. glance15. soak18. wade 20. panic22.bolt23. transfer24.collapse25. sap26. persuadePara11. lash: to hit violently or suddenlyThe willow branches lashed against the windows.The waves lashed against the rocks. Vi.The waves lashed the shore.The sleet(雨夹雪) lashed the roof. Vt.Synonyms whip, beat2. scoff: to laugh at or speak about a person or idea in a way which shows that you think they are stupid or ridiculous The critics scoffed at his paintings. I came to the meeting to scoff but the speaker persuaded me.mock: to laugh at someone, often by copying them in an amusing but unkind wayThey were mocking him because he kept falling off his bike.Synonyms smile, beam, grin, smirk, chuckle, guffaw, snicker, giggle, chortle, sneer, titter, mockNote: Invite the students to perform he different kinds of “laugh”.推荐微信，中国日报网双语新闻：各种笑的英文表达3. sway: to move or swing from side to side.The trees swayed gently in the wind.(fig.) He swayed between hopes and fears.Synonyms swing, wave4. illusion: 1) an idea or belief which is not true He had/cherished no illusions about his talents as a singer. 对.不存幻想2）something that is not really what it seems to be A large mirror in the room can create the illusion of space. 幻觉、错觉Derivation illusive, illusoryc.f. delusion collocation be under an illusion I was under the illusion that he was honest until he was caught stealing some money.Para 2-55. devastating: completely destructive.The US launched its most devastating attack of the entire war.Derivation devastateSynonyms devastate/damage/destroy/destruct/ruin/hurt6. rumble1) vt .& vi. to make a continuous low soundMy stomach is rumbling I havent eaten all day.饿得咕咕叫2) n. a deep, long, rolling sound We could hear the rumble of distant thunder. 7. careen vi. (AmE) to go forward quickly while moving from one side to another The driver lost control of his car when the brakes failed, and it went careening down the hill.As the bus careened down the hill, the passengers were thrown roughly from side to side. Synonyms lurch; tiltHe tilted his chair backward and put his feet up on the pare career8. cast: 1) v. to throw Did you cast the fishing lure?Cast dice2) v. send forthThe candles cast a soft light.The witch cast a spell on the Sleeping Beauty.His refusal cast doubts on the success of the project.c.f. Throw, hurl, fling3) n. The cast was pretty strong. 演员阵容强大 The Student Union will have a new cast of leaders.领导班子9. glance1)a brief and cursory lookHe gave the paper a glance before breakfast.2)Look quickly and briefly atI saw them glance at each other as if they knew something I didnt know.Synonyms glare, stare, gaze, gape, glimpse10. purgatory: a place or condition of great suffering炼狱Angela has a very thin sharp voice; its purgatory to have to listen to her sing.活受罪Derivation purgatorial adj.Synonyms torture, plague11. find ones way to：to succeed in reaching At last, they found their way to safety.Synonyms way; route; courseWay is the least specific. Show me the way home.Route refers to a planned, well-established, or regularly traveled way.Is the school on a bus route?.Course suggests the path or channel taken by something, such as a river or a satellite, that moves. e.g. The ship was blown off course.12. ultimate adj. most extreme or important, either the original or final, or the best or worstMy ultimate goal in life is to be my own boss. 13. moral adj. relating to the standards of good or bad behavior, fairness, honesty, etc. in which people believe, rather than laws Its her moral obligation to tell the police what she knows.He thinks it is not part of a novelists job to make a moral judgment.Derivation: morally adv. morality n. Antonym: immoralSynonyms moral; ethical; virtuous; righteous Moral applies to personal character and behavior, especially sexual conduct, measured against prevailing standards of rectitude.e.g. She was the only politician to condemn the proposed law on moral grounds (= for moral reasons).Ethical stresses conformity with idealistic standards of right and wrong, as those applicable to the practices of lawyers and doctors.e.g. We are a moral, ethical people and therefore we do not approve of their activities.Virtuous implies moral excellence and loftiness of character; in a narrower sense it refers to sexual chastity.e.g. He described them as a virtuous and hard-working people.Righteous emphasizes moral uprightness and especially the absence of guilt or sin; when it is applied to actions, reactions, or impulses, it often implies justifiable outrage.e.g. He was regarded as a righteous and holy man.14. dilemma: a situation in which one has to make a difficult choice.This is the industrialists dilemma: invest, and risk going bankrupt, or not invest and risk losing your share of the market.The President is clearly in a dilemma about/over how to tackle the crisis.Synonyms quandary, predicament Para 6-9 15. Soak v. Remain in or be completely covered by liquid especially to be completely soft. soaked adj. extremely wetIm going to have to take these clothes off Im soaked to the skin!synonyms wet; damp; humid Wet means soaked in liquid.Damp means slightly wet: damp air, a damp clothHumid refers to an unpleasantly high degree of moisture in the atmosphere: humid air, humid weather16. off and on (on and off): in an intermittent manner Ive had toothache on and off for a couple of months.cf. on and on 不停地 talk on and on17. reassuring: make someone feel less worried or frightened.Its reassuring to know that the children are being looked after.She gave a a reassuring smile before I went on the stage. Derivation reassure; reassurance; ensure; insure; rest assuredAntonyms Threatening, discouraging18. wade: to walk through (water) He had to wade across a stream to go to school. Wade in/into interrupt or go into forcefully in an argumentcomparison paddle19. pandemonium n.a situation in which there is a lot of noise and confusion because people are excited, angry or frightenedPandemonium reigned in the hall as the unbelievable election results were read out.Synonyms disorder/ chaos/ confusion20. panicn./v.: to be suddenly frightened by something.When the plane gets into difficulty in the sky, it is essential that the pilot should not panic.The audience panicked at the sound of explosion.I got into a panic when I couldnt find my USB stick.Panicky adj.Panic-stricken: adj.A few seconds after the explosion the street was full of panic-stricken people, fleeing in all directions.V. & n.Synonyms dread, fear, terrorPara 10-1421. descent n.1) the act or process of going down The spectators watched the descent of the balloon.2) hereditary derivation a person of African descentDerivation descend v. Antonyms ascentsynonyms decline, subsidence -subside22. boltShe bolted the door.He bolted off to catch the train.Make a bolt for the door. (run towards) 23. confusion: Being mixed up in the mind （思想上混乱、混淆）To avoid confusion, the teams wore different colours. synonymsdisorder, chaosDisorder a situation in which things or people are not in the correct position, place, or order, so that they are unable to control or organizeThe house was in disorder because of the young children.Chaos: a state of complete disorder and confusionThe country was in chaos following the presidents assassination.Derivation confuse, confused，confusing24. make it: to reach or gain sth. If I dont make it by half past ten, assume Im not coming.如果我十点半没到，就是没来了。Im afraid I wont be able to make it to your party.infml to succeedIts hard to make it to the top in show business娱乐业.25. transfern./v.: a change from one place or job to another.The headquarters of many international companies have witnessed a transfer to Shanghai in recent years.- The headquarters of many interna