福建省厦门市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练（1）.doc

福建厦门市2016届高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（1）【2014高考英语考试大纲调研卷二模试题】american students concern for freedom lies in two patterns of behavior that chinese students often notice: an unwillingness to make social commitments and vague and changing definitions in acquaintanceships, friendships and dating relationships.american students tend to make social commitments only at the last minute. many americans want to have the freedom to do what they want,when they want, in order to maximize their chance of having fun. chinese students sometimes feel frustrated by this. they feel personally insulted because they interpret it as a sign that the americans are not truly interested in them. however, this behavior is often a sign of valuing personal freedom, rather than a reflection of their feelings about other people.the americans vague and changing definitions about acquaintances and friendships also puzzle chinese students. american students use the term friend very loosely. they might have one or more friends whom they call friends with benefits. this fluidity (不稳定性) in relationship definitions can be very puzzling to someone from a culture that values clearly defined relationships between people.american college students have parties to socialize. the typical american party consists of people talking in small groups or pairs while drinking alcoholic beverages and perhaps snacking on some dry food or chips and dip . loud music may be playing. department receptions and parties often feature beer or wine.many of the people at these parties may be strangers to each other. when invited to a party, americans are relatively unlikely to ask, who will be there? they are accustomed to meeting strangers and starting conversations with them. the parties usually do not include games or large-group interactions. so individuals must take the initiative to introduce themselves to strangers and talk with them. many chinese students find these parties boring or stressful. chinese tend to be more accustomed to dinners as a way to get together with friends or acquaintances. few, if any strangers, will be at a dinner. the atmosphere may be quieter and conversations deeper than at a typical american student party.55. why do american students make social commitments only at the last minute?a. because they fear to be frustrated by irresponsible promises.b. because they are cautious about making friends. c. because they are always busy attending parties.d. because they want to make the most of every possible chance to have fun.56. a chinese student will feel upset with an american student because he thinks _.a. the american student should make an earlier commitmentb. the american student is not really interested in himc. the american student doesnt consider his feelings d. the american student wants to squeeze fun out of their sufferings 57. why are americans unlikely to ask who will attend the party when invited?a. because they are used to meeting new people at the party.b. because they regard it as a chance to make more friends.c. because they care more about the food and drink served at the party.d. because they tend to get together with friends.58. how will chinese students feel when they attend a party where there are many strangers?a. many of them will feel stressed.b. they will see it as a chance to meet new friends. c. they will feel free to talk with strangers.d. they will make the most of their chance of having fun.【解题导语】本文介绍了美国大学生的交友特点崇尚个人自由，他们的朋友来得快去得也快，但他们坦率、易交往。这跟中国人对朋友和友谊的观念不同。【长难句解读】 many americans want to have the freedom to do what they want, when they want, in order to maximize their chance of having fun. 分析:本句使用了what引导的宾语从句和when引导的状语从句。 译文:许多美国人想拥有做什么，什么时候做的自由，以便使他们获得快乐的机会最大化。55. d【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】第二段说，美国学生到最后时刻才会承诺什么，很多美国人想拥有做什么、什么时候做的自由，以便使他们获得快乐 的机会最大化，因此选d。56. b【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】根据第二段后半部分可知，中国学生会失落是因为他认为美国学生并不真正对他感兴趣。57. a【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】第五段说，美国人应邀参加聚会时不太可能问参加的人还有谁，因为他们习惯了与陌生人接触和聊天，因此选a58. a【命题意图】考查细节理解,【解题思路】最后一段谈到中国学生的聚会特点，说中国学生习惯于跟熟人或朋友一起聚会，很少邀请陌生人，交谈也比美国学生的聚会更深入，因此选a。【2014高考英语模拟试题】one cold winter day, i found myself downtown, my head hanging. id just got to know the promotion i was hoping for had gone to another person. a years worth of hard work had come to nothing. worse than all that, i was meeting my wife, and i would have to look into those hopeful, ever supportive eyes and watch the light go out of them as i told her how i had failed to reach yet another goal. my wife stood there, moving from one foot to the other to stay warm. i immediately noticed her coat, years out of style and beginning to grow threadbare (磨薄的) at the edges, and her shoes that were not made for such harsh weather. i knew that the dreams she had had in her heart when we first married had not disappeared, but they had been reduced to more modest hopes. i stood there holding her against the cold as i explained what had happened, and she took it all in with grace and love that would not allow a trace of blame aimed at me. she didnt have to. i felt enough of it for both of us. as we walked toward the bus stop, i couldnt contain it any longer. “why does it have to be like this?” i said out loud. “why do we have to be stuck renting a tiny house in a poor neighborhood? why does my family have to live on beans and rice and bread? why do we have to wear the same clothes we bought years ago? why am i down to my last five dollars every payday?”i was ready to give up when i heard the voice uttered softly beside me, “god, i wish i had that guys problems.” it was one of the homeless people who hung out by the river surviving on handouts(施舍). in that instant i came to realize all the blessings that had been given to me, and all the gifts id taken for granted and ignored. as i looked over and stared at my wife trembling in the cold, i realized i had a wife who loved me, a family i loved, a job that kept us going, and hopes and dreams for the future that had never been erased.there was a silent question i asked her, and she instantly understood what i wanted to do. she nodded, and i stepped toward the man who had spoken those words. i reached into my pocket, pulled out my last five dollars, and put them into his hand. then i rejoined my wife and the two of us walked down the street, the warmth in our hearts keeping us safe from even the bitterest cold.60. what made the writer sad that day?a. he wasnt promoted to a higher position. b. he didnt get paid for a year of hard work.c. he was laid off beyond expectation.d. he couldnt bear the cold.61. the writer suddenly asked a lot of questions because _.a. he had had enough of his wifeb. he almost collapsed under the pressure of life c. he was angry with the stranger at the bus stop d. he was determined to challenge his terrible life62. the words of the homeless man made the writer realize _.a. he might become a beggar in the futureb. he couldnt give up his present jobc. he was a lucky person in the worldd. he still had money to help others 63. what does the “silent question” in the last but one paragraph mean?a. to ask for the strangers advice.b. to buy some clothes.c. to give some money to the homeless man.d. to ask the writers boss for a promotion.【参考答案】60-63: abcc阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。philip was a nine-year-old boy in a sunday school class of 8-year-old girls and boys. sometimes the third graders didnt welcome philip into their group and usually tricked him. this was not because he was older, but because he was “different”. you see, philip suffered from a condition called downss syndrome. this made him “different”, with his facial characteristics, slow responses and mental problems. one sunday after easter, the sunday school teacher gathered some plastic eggs that pulled apart in the middle. the teacher gave one to each child. on that beautiful spring day, the children were to go out and discover for themselves some symbol of “new life” and place it inside the plastic eggs. after the children returned to the classroom, the teacher opened their eggs one by one, asking each child to explain that symbol of “new life”. the first opened egg contained a flower. everyone cheered. in another was a butterfly. when the teacher opened the last egg, it was empty. “thats stupid,” said someone. the teacher felt a pull at his shirt. it was philip. looking up, philip said, “its mine. i did it. its empty. i have new life, because the tomb is empty.” not a sound was heard in class at all. from that day on, philip became a real part of the group. they welcomed him, and whatever made him different was never mentioned again. philips family knew he wouldnt live a long life, for there were too many things wrong with him.1. the underlined word “condition” in the first paragraph probably means _. a. grade b. status c. health d. disease2. it can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. a. the 8-year-olds were sometimes cruel b. the 8-year-olds were friendly to philip c. philip was really different in school d. philip was older and more sensitive3. the teacher gave each child one plastic egg to let them _. a. play around on that beautiful spring day b. put some symbol of “new life” into it c. try to pull it apart in the middle d. go out and discover themselves 4. after philip explained his new life, _. a. the class thought he was clever. b. the class fell silent. c. he began to study in the class. d. he felt dying.5. we learn from the passage that _. a. the teacher used to have classes outdoors b. the philips new life wish was empty c. philip was healthy as a whole d. philip was accepted by his classmates in the end【参考答案】d a b b d bwhether in the workplace or on the football field, effective teamwork can produce amazing results. however, working successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem. effective teamwork certainly does not just happen automatically; it takes a great deal of hard work and compromise. there are a number of factors that must be in place to make a good team.effective leadership is one of the most important factors of good teamwork. the teams leader should possess the skills to create and preserve a positive working environment and motivate and inspire the team members to take a positive approach to work and be highly committed. an effective team leader will promote a high level of spirit and make them feel supported and valued.communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal relationship and especially that of a team. team members must be able toarticulatetheir feelings, express plans and goals, share ideas and see each others opinions.conflicts will arise no matter how well a team functions together. the best way to deal with conflicts is to have some organized methods of handling conflicts. team members should be able to voice their concerns without fear of offending others. instead of avoiding conflict issues, a hands-on approach that settles them quickly is much better. it is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and trying to remain objective if possible.the team leader must set a good example to create good teamwork. in order to keep team members positive and committed and motivated, the team leader himself needs to show these qualities. the team turns to the leader for support and guidance. so any negative words or behaviors on the leaders part can be disastrous.regardless of what type of work you are in, knowing how to effectively work on and with a team is going to be extremely important to your success and that of your team.6. effective leadership is important partly because _.a. it helps a leader to develop lots of skillsb. it makes a leader feel supported and valuedc. it creates a positive working environmentd. it depends on interpersonal relationship of a team7. the underlined word “articulate” probably means _.a. hideb. feelc. expressd. plan8. when conflicts arise among team members, the team leader should _.a. worry about the team membersb. ignore the team members voicesc. try to avoid conflict issues d. work out their differences9. to become a good team leader, you have to _.a. be positive and committedb. set up a good teamc. look for support from the team d. avoid natural disasters10. which is the best title for the passage?a. football and teamwork b. what makes effective teamworkc. handle conflict in a teamd. communication and teamwork【参考答案】610、c c d a b阅读理解。advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why theyre always coming in for criticism. their critics seem to resent them because they have a gift for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. “its unfair,” they say, “that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. it only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. why dont they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? after all, its the consumer who pays”the poor old consumer! hed have to pay a great deal more if advertising didnt create mass markets for products. it is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. but we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. another equally important function is to inform. a great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more likely that you would obtain details about performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. it is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. and what fun they often are, too! just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway regulations while waiting for a train? would you like to read only closely-printed columns of news in your daily paper? a cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the daily amount of great disasters. we must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not survive without this source of income. the fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. just think what a newspa