2013年全国医学考博英语考试答案200842928.doc

2013年全国医学考博英语考试答案 200842928passage 3 环球卓越Imagine a disease spreading across the globe,killing mostly middle-aged people or leaving them chronically disabled.Then one day researchers come up with a drug that can prevent some of the diseases nastier威胁的effects.You would think the worlds ageing public would be eternally grateful. The disease does exist.It is called tobacco addiction.The drug too is real and in animal tests has prevented lung damage that leads to emphysema肺气肿.But the inventors have received no bouquets恭维话. Prevailing medical opinion seems to be that the drug is a mere sideshow杂耍的,distracting smokers from the task of quitting.Another experimental drug ,which could protect smokers against cancer ,is also viewed with suspicion because it could give smokers an excuse not to quit. On the face of从表面判断it these responses make sense.It is ingrained彻底的, 根深蒂固in society that smokers have only themselves to blame and their salvation拯救, 救助lies in a simple act of will.If they will not quit smoking,they cannot expect help from anyone else. But this logic is flawed有缺陷的.Check a survey of smokers and you find two-thirds want to give up and one-third will have tried in the previous year.Yet,even with nicotine gum齿龈, 口香糖,patches and drugs to ease the ordeal,the quit rate is still under 10 percent.In the UK , the proportion of people who smoke has not fallen in a decade.Tobacco has a powerful grip,and many smoker are caught in a trap they cannot escape:they have a disease like any other and deserve the chance to reduce the harm it does to them 环球卓越This reasoning is hard for many to swallow.It certainly leaves governments and anti-smoking groups in a bind处于困境,左右为难. They are happy to pay lip service to口头上支持methods for reducing harm-of which three are a growing unmber-but they are slow to create policies based upon them.European Union countries,for example,look years to指望, 依赖; even consider regulating the dangerous additives in cigarettes. One fear is that methods for reducing harm will dilute冲淡,变弱,稀释the message that tobacco kills-especially when given to youngsters.But that message wont change.In the present case,even if both drugs turn out证明是.to work in human trials,they would not protect against all the deadly side effects of smoking.And the drugs do not have to be free to all.They could be available only on prescription for people who doctors believe genuinely cannot give up. There are things that no drug aimed at harm reduction will ever be able to be.It will not cut passive smoking or stop tobacco companies persuading millions of teenagers to light up.For these reasons all other ways to counter smoking must continue,from banning tobacco advertising to raising tobacco taxes.But it would be a mistake to ignore the harm reduction measures.For those who are not convinced,forget smokers for a moment.Preventive drugs could also help non-smokers,especially those working long hours,as,say,musicians and bar stall in smoky rooms.Should we deny them too71The statement “But the inventors have received no bouquets” implies that_ A.the drugs have received suspicion 环球卓越B.the inventors just presented a sideshow C.it will take time for the public to accept the new drug D. the effects of the drug need further test on human trials 72The author argues that _ CGEECFs2:m A.no smoker is expected to succee in quitting B.smokers deserve the harm smoking does to them C.smokers with resolution to stop smoking need halp D. smokers could succeed with strong resolution to give up 73The author is trying to emphasize that the drugs_ A.are aimed at youngsters 环球卓越 B.should be available to smokers free of charge C.will not change the message that tobacco kills D.help regulate the dangerous additives in cigarattes 74The drugs,according to the author,are expected_ A.to perform preventive functions in non-smokers B.to reduce the number of passive smokers C.to enforce the combat against smoking D.all of the above 75we can draw a conclusion from the passage that_ A.with innovative drugs smoker