《主要翻译方法》PPT课件.ppt

MajorTranslationApproaches,AREVISION,TheDefinitionofTranslationRomanJackobsonDuboisandNidaThePrincipleofTranslation严复刘重德&Tytler,MajorTranslationApproaches,Outlineliteraltranslationandliberaltranslationforeignizationanddomesticationtheprocessoftranslationinformationretrieving,literaltranslationandliberaltranslation,TheNegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity.译文一：黑人依然生活在物质富裕的汪洋大海中贫乏的孤岛上。译文二：黑人仍生活在贫困的孤岛上，尽管放眼四周，是一片繁华景象。,LiteraltranslationandLiberalTranslation,OriginandEarlyTimes:SeptuagintRomantimes:TranslationofGreekclassicsCicero:“解说员”与“演说家”式翻译“数硬币”与“称硬币”TranslationofBible,LiteraltranslationandLiberalTranslation,MiddleAgeswordforwordtranslationandtoretainthelanguagecharactersofLatinRenaissance:developmentoffreetranslation,LiteraltranslationandLiberalTranslation,17-19CenturyFrance:thedisputebetweenliteraltranslationandliberaltranslationLiberalTranslation:Bellesinfideles,LiteraltranslationandLiberalTranslation,ModernTimes:Benjamin:wordforwordtranslationistheidealisttranslationapproachCatford:ScaleandCategory,LiteraltranslationandLiberalTranslation,ARelativeConcept:TwoExtremes:“死译”与“乱译”,DomesticationandForeignization,aswiseasSolomon像所罗门国王一样有智慧智如诸葛亮carrycoaltoNewcastle把煤运到纽卡斯尔运槟榔到广东allroadsleadtoRomekilltwobirdswithonestone,DomesticationandForeignization,OriginSchleiermacher:Eitherthetranslatorleavesthewriteraloneasmuchaspossibleandmovesthereadertowardthewriter,orheleavesthereaderaloneasmuchaspossibleandmovesthewritertowardthereader,DomesticationandForeignization,Venuti归化法是“采取民族中心主义的态度，使外语文本符合译入语的文化价值观，把原作者带入译入语文化”异化法是“接受外语文本的语言及文化差异，把读者带入外国情境”,DomesticationandForeignization,“归化法”在中国的流行林纾（1852-1924）巴黎茶花女遗事黑奴吁天录全篇的古文，开口“余”，闭口“汝”，笑时“艳若朝霞”，哭曰“雪涕”。,DomesticationandForeignization,语言形式上的归化：适应中国读者的口味语言习惯阅读习惯写作手法的归化：轻细节，重情节伦理价值观的归化：“举皓腕，余即而亲之”“此西俗男女相见之礼也”,DomesticationandForeignization,“异化派”的争论鲁迅：要“欧化”不要归化，翻译“必须有异国情调，就是所谓洋气”。尺(foot)趺得里（mile)迷黎橄榄（olive)呵黎夫卡无花果（fig)佛额刘英凯：归化翻译的歧路：归化译法“抹杀”了原作的“民族特点”，将异国情调“同化于归宿语言”，“必然是对原文的歪曲”。,DomesticationandForeignization,归化与异化并用互补EG.Hemovedinthedirectionofhisdesire,chantingApachescalp-music.(StephenCrane,TheBrideComestotheYellowSky)他唱着阿帕切头皮曲，朝他理想的方向走去了。At11:15thismorning,thePrimeMinister,speakingtothenationfromNumberTenDowningStreet,announcedthatGreatBritainisatwarwithGermany.今天上午11点15分,首相在唐宁街10号向全国发表了讲话,宣布英国与德国处于交战状态。今天上午11点15分,首相在唐宁街10号英国首相府邸向全国发表了讲话,宣布英国与德国处于交战状态。,LiteralorLiberal?,WHOISTRANSLATINGWHAT,FORWHOM,WHEN,WHERE,WHYANDINWHATCIRCUMSTANCES?,TheProcessofTranslation,E.A.Nida分析头脑图像的形成译入语表达,TheProcessofTranslation,分析所指意义：用来描述客观世界，不参杂人对客观世界的情感和态度。EG.Take3tabletsaday.PutthediskintodriveA.,TheProcessofTranslation,分析关联意义：从大环境滋生出的社会的文化的意义Workwhileyouworkandplaywhileyouplay.Thisistheonlywaytobehappyandgay.同志,TheProcessofTranslation,分析结构意义：语言本身结构所蕴含的意义诗歌:RogerMcGough,TheProcessofTranslation,Cummings:,TheProcessofTranslation,分析结构意义句子简洁与否:海明威的冰山理论词性的不同：temporalandfunctionalTemporalityandfunctionality,TheProcessofTranslation,头脑中图像的形成Turnoffthecomputer.Democracywillwin.,TheProcessofTranslation,译入语表达靠近原文作者还是译入语读者？,Oneofthosesoberandrathermelancholydays,inthelatterpartofautumn,whentheshadowsofmorningandeveningalmostmingletogether,andthrowagloomoverthedeclineoftheyear,IpassedseveralhoursinramblingaboutWestminsterAbby.,1.Thedaywassoberandmelancholy2.Itisautumn3.Theshadowsofmorningandeveningmingletogether4.Theshadowsthrowagloomoverthedeclineoftheyear.5.IrambledaboutWestminsterAbby6.Ipassedseveralhours,TheProcessofTranslation,WestminsterAbbey,TheProcessofTranslation,Oneofthosesoberandrathermelancholydays,inthelatterpartofautumn,whentheshadowsofmorningandeveningalmostmingletogether,andthrowagloomoverthedeclineoftheyear,IpassedseveralhoursinramblingaboutWestminsterAbby.,在晚秋暗淡而悲哀的一天，当曙光和夜色几乎混而为一，而将这年终酝酿成一片凄凉的时分，我在那威治明士德院里徘徊，消磨了数小时的光阴。,TheProcessofTranslation,Oneofthosesoberandrathermelancholydays,inthelatterpartofautumn,whentheshadowsofmorningandeveningalmostmingletogether,andthrowagloomoverthedeclineoftheyear,IpassedseveralhoursinramblingaboutWestminsterAbby.,时方晚秋，气象肃穆，略带忧郁，早晨的阴影和黄昏的阴影，几乎连接在一起，不可分别，岁云将暮，终日昏暗，我就在这么一天，到西敏大寺去信步走了几个钟头。,TheProcessofTranslation,Oneofthosesoberandrathermelancholydays,inthelatterpartofautumn,whentheshadowsofmorningandeveningalmostmingletogether,andthrowagloomoverthedeclineoftheyear,Ipassedseveralhoursinramblin