直接引语变为间接引语句.doc

八年级下册英语培优（六）Class_ No_ Name_ mark_直接引语变间接引语一、 定义：1.直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号。John said, Im going to London with my father. 约翰说：我要和父亲到伦敦去。（引号内是直接引语）2.间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成。John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语） 二、直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的问题1.人称的变化。顺口溜:直接引语变间接引语时:“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新”。 She said, My brother wants to go with me. She said her brother wanted to go with her. (一随主) He said to Kate. What is your sister doing now?He asked Kate what her sister was doing then。(二随宾) Mr Smith said,Jack is a good worker。Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。(第三人称不更新)2.时态的变化： 1)如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中 的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。 2)如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化： （1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时 （2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时 （3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时 （4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时 （5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时 （6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时 3.指示代词的变化:this -that these- those 4.时间的词的变化:now - then today- that day Tonight-that night this week(month ,etc) -that week (month ,etc) yesterday -the day before last week(month) - the week(month) before three days(a year)ago-three days(a year)before tomorrow -the next (following ) day next week(month)-the next(following)week(month) 5.地点的词的变化: here -there 6.动词的变化: bring - take come -go三、如何变句型：陈述句变间接引语时，用that引导的宾语从句。She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes.She said (that) their bus would arrive in five minutes. 一般疑问句变间接引语时，用whether或if引导 的宾语从句，并把 said 改为asked. （用陈述语气）He said, Can you swim, John? He asked John if he could swim. 特殊问句变间接引语，仍用原来的疑问代词或疑问副词引导。（用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, When do they have their dinner? She asked me when they had their dinner. 祈使句变间接引语，应改为tell(ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.句型。 Dont make any noise, she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. Bring me a cup of tea, please, said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.四、需要注意的地方：直接引语表示客观真理或地理现象时，变为间接引语时，仍用一般现在时。The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.专项练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. She said she_( is) mad at Lucy.2. Lily said she_(will) go to school by bike.3.Marcia said she _(can) speak three languages.4.He said he_(go) to the beach every Saturday.5.She said she _ (not want)to be my best friend anymore.二、选择题。1. He said _ he would go to Hongkong for vacation.A.that B. where C. what 2. Lucy said she _to London the next year.A. will go B. would go C. was go3. My science teacher said I _ a lazy student. A.am B.will be C. was4. Jim said he _to my house for dinner the next weekend.A. would go B. would come C. will come5. My mother asked _ I was happy today.A.that B.if C. what6. Our teacher asked us _ in the class.A. not talk B. not talk to C. not to talk7. Tom asked _ I was going the next month.A. where B. that C.wether8. Our geography teacher told us the sun _ in the east.A. rised B. rises C. rise 9. Mary asked_.A.what should she do B. how should she do it C. what she should do10. Lisa asked_ the next Sunday. A. where was I going B. where I was going C. where I went三、把直接引语变为间接引语。1. Mary said , “I am proud of my class.”Mary said that _ _proud of _ class.2. John said, “This is my bedroom.”John said that _ _his bedroom.3. Miss Gao said, “I like living here.”Miss Gao said _ _living_.4. He said , “I will go tomorrow.”He said that he _ _ _ _ _.5. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.6. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news.7. Lily said to Lucy , “you can play the guitar with me now.” Lily told Lucy that _ _play the guitar with_then.8. Peter asked,”What are you doing this evening,Mary?Peter told Mary _ _ _doing that evening.9. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.10. I asked Mary , “Can you swim?”I asked Mary _ _ _ swim.四、翻译句子。1. 琳达说她再也不生妈妈的气了。 Linda said she _ _ _her mother _.2. 丽丽告诉汤姆她将在周五的晚上带些书到他家去。 Lily told Tom she _bring some books _ his house on Friday night.3. 露西告诉每个人她将不去参加聚会。 Lucy told everyone she _ _ _ join the party.4. 我哥哥说他上周六去了海滩。My brother said he _ _ _ _ last Sunday