《大学英语情态动词》PPT课件.ppt

情态动词/ModalAuxiliary,什么是情态动词？,情态动词和助动词一样，都是辅助性的动词，用来帮助构成不同的时态和语态，表示说话者的某种情态，没有人称和数的变化,maymightcancouldshallshouldwillwouldMust无变化,Will和Would,1.表示请求Willyougivehertheletter?Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourtelephonenumber?2.表示习惯或倾向，与usedto进行对比,ScarfusedtobeheavysmokerFatherusednottobesoforgetful,2.Would强调过去某种特定情况下的动作，是完全过去的事情，与现在没有联系。SheusedtogetupatsixinthemorningShewouldgetupatsixinthemorningManusedtothinkthattheearthwasflatManwouldthinkthattheearthwasflat,Inthosedays,wheneverIhaddifficulties,I_Mr.Shenforhelp.A.UsedtogotoB.WasusedtogotoC.WouldgotoD.UsedtogoingtoHe_upatfive,butnowhegetsupatsix.A.UsedtogettingB.WouldgetC.WasusedtogetD.Usedtoget,3.表示推测ItwillbeMr.Wangknockingatthedoor.ItwouldbeabouttenoclockwhenhelefthomeThey_inNewYorkbynow.A.willarriveB.willbearrivingC.willhavearrivedD.arearriving,4.表示命令、强迫Allwillarrivebefore7:455.表示意愿或者固执地坚持。ShewontlendmethemoneyThewindowwontopen,6.表示能力（拟人化）Thehallwillseat1000people7.表示客观事实Fishwilldieoutofwater8.表示意图或允诺Youwillhaveyourshare,9WouldratherWouldrather(sooner).thanHewouldrather_than_thesecret.A.die.tellingB.die.totellC.dead.tellD.die.tellIwouldratheryou_herthebiketheotherday.A.didntlendB.hadntlentC.shouldnotlendD.wouldnthavelent,Can/could,1）表示许可Youcanborrowtwobooksatatimefromthelibrary2）表示可能性Icantguesswhosebookitis3）表示能力Shecouldntclimbthemountain,注意：Canthelp和couldntbear中的不能变成beableto.TheweatherwasabletoclearupThefirewasnotabletobeputout,Can(could)+have+过去分词有时等于may(might)+have+过去分词意思为可能CantheyhavemissedthetrainHecouldnthavebeenswimmingalldayShecouldnthaveheardyouknockingatthedoor,Haveto和must1)haveto强调客观需要，must强调主观看法ImustlearnanotherlanguageIhavetolearnanotherlanguageSomeonemusthavelostthegame.Someonehadtolosethegame,注意以下两句Thoughshedidntneedto,shemustgo.Youdonthavetocomeagain,butyoumust2.haveto表示义务或习惯动作，must表示重要或急迫的事情。WehavetocarefortheyoungShehastobeattheofficebeforeeighteveryday.Youmustgotothemanageratonce,oryoullbedismissed.,3)haveto可用于不同时态，must一般只用于现在时IhavetoleavenowWellhavetobuyanotherTVsetTheyhadtoputoffthesportsmeetbecauseofthebadweather,4.must可以表示推测，haveto不能ThismustbeJimspenTheremustbesomethingwrongwiththemachine注意:Haveto的否定式和疑问式可以按照助动词的变化规则构成，也可以按照通用变化规则Haveyoutofinishtheworkbeforesupper?Doyouhavetofinishtheworkbeforesupper,Mustneed和neednotMustnot表示禁止,所以在回答must引导的问题时，如果否定，该怎么回答？Mustneeds和needsmustNeeds为副词,相当于necessarily,ofnecessity二者均可表示必须，必定，不得不，但mustneeds还可以表示偏偏，偏要。ImustneedsgotherenowNeedsmustwhenthedevildrives.ShemustneedsgoawaywhenIwanther.,Need,Need可以做助动词，也可以做行为动词Fathersentmethebook,soIdidntneedtowritetohimforit.Fathersentmethebook,soIneednthavewrittentohimforit.ShedidntneedtocomeSheneednthavecome,注意:作助动词用，need只用于疑问句和否定句，肯定句中用must,haveto,should,oughtto等。Needyoudoitrightnow?Ineednt,buthemust.,Shall,1.表示征求意见或请求指示Shallwemeetintheevening?HowshallIstartthemachine?2.表示意图、意志、允诺或命令等，但shall所表示的意志是说话人的意志，并非句子主语的意志IshallgiveyoualotofmoneyEachcitizenshallcarryhisidentificationcardwhentravelling.SheshallgetthispaperintheeveningHeshallgetwhathedeserves,Should,1.用于疑问句或感叹句，表示“推断”HowshouldIknow?Whyshouldyoubeworrying?2.用在Imsurpris